168 research outputs found
Sounds Local, 1998 March 21
No full textInterview with author Margot Adler about her novel, Heretic's Heart: A Journey through Spirit and Revolution, and her life as an activist and student at Berkeley; Reese Erlich reports on a cappella and jazz groups Oakland's SoVoSo and Boston's Vox One; Man in the Iron Mask (film) review by WHQR's film commentator, Steve Taylor; Overview of upcoming events on the cultural calendar
The Influence of American Anthropology on the Work of Vera Stein Erlich
No full textBoravak i studij kulturne antropologije u SAD veoma je utjecao na rad Vere Erlich. Prvobitno zanimanje za psihologiju porodice i obrazovanja i za položaj žene u patrijarhalnom društvu preusmjerila je na antropološku analizu promjena u patrijarhalnom društvu i porodici. Na njezino novo znanstveno usmjerenje najviše su utjecali kulturni antropolozi Kroeber i Redfield, kao i pripadnici smjera »kultura i ličnost«. Poput sljedbenika te antropološke tradicije, Vera Erlich nailazila je također na poteškoće u objašnjavaju unutarnje dinamike promjena u patrijarhalnom društvu. Definiravši ga kao društvo koje živi po principu moralnog integriteta, reda i koherentnosti, sve potrese i promjene tog reda morala je pripisati »vanjskim faktorima«.Living and studying anthropology in Berkeley in the 1950's and the 1960's had a profound effect on Vera Erlich's scientific orientation. Her primary interest in psychology, education and the status of women shifted towards the anthropological analysis of changes in patriarchal family and society. The most natural theoretical link between the two phases of her intellectual development was the "culture and personality” school which at that time dominated American anthropology.
In this article, by analyzing two major Erlich’s books (Family in Transition, Princeton 1966; and In the Company of Man, Zagreb 1968), the author traces the theoretical influence of Kroeber, Benedict, Mead, Redfield and some others on Vera Erlich’s concepts of culture, cultural style, mentality, patriarchal society etc.
In conclusion, it is pointed out that Vera Erlich could not resolve the contradiction of stability vs. change in patriarchal cultural order. While explaining stability by "inner factors’ of coherence, moral integrity and order, she attributed cultural change to "outside factors" — such as emancipation from the rule of Turks in South Slay areas. The problem is shared by "culture and personality" tradition in general, since it cannot account for the dynamics and contradictions of culture except at the level of the socialization of individual
Mother-activist: the interwar autobiography of Sofia Dubnow-Erlich
No full textTematem artykułu jest studium przypadku – analiza fragmentów autobiografii Sofii Dubnow-Erlich dotyczących okresu międzywojennego. Bliższe spojrzenie na teksty autobiograficzne autorstwa związanej z Bundem aktywistki i literatki umożliwia prześledzenie jej podejścia do własnych planów życiowych, a także szerszy ogląd żydowskiej historii aktywizmu, działalności intelektualnej i politycznej w II Rzeczypospolitej. Lektura wspomnień pozwala również uchwycić perspektywę genderową i pokazać, czy i w jakim stopniu płeć kulturowa wpływała na podejmowane przez autorkę działania.The subject of this article is a case study based on analysis of Sofia Dubnow-Erlich’s autobiography fragments concerning the interwar period. A closer look at the autobiographical texts written by the activist and writer associated with the Bund allows to trace her approach to her own life plans. It also gives a broader look at the Jewish history of activism, and intellectual and political activity in the Second Polish Republic. Reading the memoirs allows us to capture the gender perspective and shows whether and to what extent the gender influenced the actions taken by the author
Russian Formalism, a revisiting
No full textA autora faz um retrospecto dos traços principais do formalismo russo, apoiando-se principalmente na obra Russian Formalism, de Victor Erlich. Ao mesmo tempo, reflete sobre algumas questões básicas levantadas pela escola, como O problema da palavra poética de I. Tynianov e a indissolubilidade form/conteúdo segundo V. Propp.The author makes a survey of the principal trends of Russian Formalism, according to Victor Erlich\u27s book Russian Formalism and to her personal views. Particular emphasis is given to Tynianov\u27s concepts of fundamental and secondary meanings of the poetical word and to the union of form and content according to Propp
The taxonomist - an endangered race : a practical proposal for its survival
No full textBackground: Taxonomy or biological systematics is the basic scientific discipline of biology, postulating hypotheses of identity and relationships, on which all other natural sciences dealing with organisms relies. However, the scientific contributions of taxonomists have been largely neglected when using species names in scientific publications by not citing the authority on which they are based.
Discussion: Consequences of this neglect is reduced recognition of the importance of taxonomy, which in turn results in diminished funding, lower interest from journals in publishing taxonomic research, and a reduced number of young scientists entering the field. This has lead to the so-called taxonomic impediment at a time when biodiversity studies are of critical importance.
Here we emphasize a practical and obvious solution to this dilemma. We propose that whenever a species name is used, the author(s) of the species hypothesis be included and the original literature source cited, including taxonomic revisions and identification literature - nothing more than what is done for every other hypothesis or assumption included in a scientific publication. In addition, we postulate that journals primarily publishing taxonomic studies should be indexed in ISISM.
Summary: The proposal outlined above would make visible the true contribution of taxonomists within the scientific community, and would provide a more accurate assessment for funding agencies impact and importance of taxonomy, and help in the recruitment of young scientists into the field, thus helping to alleviate the taxonomic impediment. In addition, it would also make much of the biological literature more robust by reducing or alleviating taxonomic uncertainty.
Keywords: Taxonomy crisis; taxonomic impediment; impact factor; original species description; citation index; systematic
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species contribute to pathological inflammation during influenza a virus infection in mice
No full textAims: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules generated in different subcellular sites or compartments, including endosomes via the NOX2-containing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase during an immune response and in mitochondria during cellular respiration. However, while endosomal NOX2 oxidase promotes innate inflammation to influenza A virus (IAV) infection, the role of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) has not been comprehensively investigated in the context of viral infections in vivo. Results: In this study, we show that pharmacological inhibition of mtROS, with intranasal delivery of MitoTEMPO, resulted in a reduction in airway/lung inflammation, neutrophil infiltration, viral titers, as well as overall morbidity and mortality in mice infected with IAV (Hkx31, H3N2). MitoTEMPO treatment also attenuated apoptotic and necrotic neutrophils and macrophages in airway and lung tissue. At an early phase of influenza infection, that is, day 3 there were significantly lower amounts of IL-1β protein in the airways, but substantially higher amounts of type I IFN-β following MitoTEMPO treatment. Importantly, blocking mtROS did not appear to alter the initiation of an adaptive immune response by lung dendritic cells, nor did it affect lung B and T cell populations that participate in humoral and cellular immunity. Innovation/Conclusion: Influenza virus infection promotes mtROS production, which drives innate immune inflammation and this exacerbates viral pathogenesis. This pathogenic cascade highlights the therapeutic potential of local mtROS antioxidant delivery to alleviate influenza virus pathology.Eunice E. To, Jonathan R. Erlich, Felicia Liong, Raymond Luong, Stella Liong, Farisha Esaq, Osezua Oseghale, Desiree Anthony, Jonathan McQualter, Steven Bozinovski, Ross Vlahos, John J. O, Leary, Doug A. Brooks, and Stavros Selemidi
Hybrid Population Based MVMO for Solving CEC 2018 Test Bed of Single-Objective Problems
No full textThe MVMO algorithm (Mean-Variance Mapping Optimization) has two main features: I) normalized search range for each dimension (associated to each optimization variable); ii) use of a mapping function to generate a new value of a selected optimization variable based on the mean and variance derived from the best solutions achieved so far. The current version of MVMO offers several alternatives. The single parent-offspring version is designed for use in case the evaluation budget is small and the optimization task is not too challenging. The population based MVMO requires more function evaluations, but the results are usually better. Both variants of MVMO can be improved considerably if additionally separate local search algorithms are incorporated. In this case, MVMO is basically responsible for the initial global search. This paper presents the results of a study on the use of the hybrid version of MVMO, called MVMO-PH (population based, hybrid), to solve the IEEE-CEC 2018 test suite for single objective optimization with continuous (real-number) decision variables. Additionally, two new mapping functions representing the unique feature of MVMO are presented.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid
Intranasal and epicutaneous administration of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists provides protection against influenza A virus-induced morbidity in mice
No full textToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes viral RNA following endocytosis of the virus and initiates a powerful immune response characterized by Type I IFN production and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Despite this immune response, the virus causes very significant pathology, which may be inflammation-dependent. In the present study, we examined the effect of intranasal delivery of the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod or its topical formulation Aldara, on the inflammation and pathogenesis caused by IAV infection. In mice, daily intranasal delivery of imiquimod prevented peak viral replication, bodyweight loss, airway and pulmonary inflammation, and lung neutrophils. Imiquimod treatment also resulted in a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory neutrophil chemotactic cytokines and prevented the increase in viral-induced lung dysfunction. Various antibody isotypes (IgG1, IgG2a, total IgG, IgE and IgM), which were increased in the BALF following influenza A virus infection, were further increased with imiquimod. While epicutaneous application of Aldara had a significant effect on body weight, it did not reduce neutrophil and eosinophil airway infiltration; indicating less effective drug delivery for this formulation. We concluded that intranasal imiquimod facilitates a more effective immune response, which can limit the pathology associated with influenza A virus infection.Eunice E. To, Jonathan Erlich, Felicia Liong, Raymond Luong, Stella Liong, Steven Bozinovski, Huei Jiunn Seow, John J. O’Leary, Doug A. Brooks, Ross Vlahos, Stavros Selemidi
Profundización en los beneficios de estudiar el crimen desde la dinámica de sistemas
No full textIngeniero IndustrialPregrad
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