1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Hvordan kan overordnede mål og uklare formuleringer om tjenestetilbud i individuelle planer (IP) gi motivasjon og mestringsfølelse?
Full text linkMasteroppgave i folkehelsevitenskap - Universitetet i Agder 20132018-07-0
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Occurrence of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli in Norwegian meat products, with emphasis on the stx2a-gene
Full text linkShigatoksinproduserende Escherichia coli (STEC), også kalt Verotoksinproduserende E. coli (VTEC) har tilstedeværelse av gener som koder for Shigatoksin (stx). Noen STEC har i tillegg det intimin-kodende genet eae, og denne kombinasjonen av virulensgener gjør at de kan forårsake alvorlig sykdom som hemorrhagisk kolitt og hemolytisk uremisk syndrom (HUS) hos mennesker. Ikke alle STEC er humanpatogene, men spesielt Shigatoksin med subtype stx2a er ofte assosiert med de mest alvorlige sykdomstilfellene. STEC har sitt naturlige reservoar i storfetarm, og smitte til mennesker skjer hovedsakelig ved konsum av fekalt kontaminerte næringsmidler eller kontakt med dyr.
I denne studien skulle forekomsten av patogene STEC, med hovedvekt på stx2a-genet, undersøkes i norsk storfekjøttdeig. På forhånd hadde 308 kjøttdeigprøver blitt screenet for stx1, stx2 og eae, samt de O-gruppe assosierte genene for O26, O103, O145 og O157. I denne masteroppgaven ble 71 stx2-positive prøver inkludert og screenet med PCR for subtype stx2a. Det ble gjort forsøk på å isolere stx2a-positive E. coli fra PCR-positive prøver, som videre ble karakterisert for å undersøke hvilke virulensgener isolatene bærer. Det ble også gjort forsøk på å isolere E. coli som var positive for stx- og eae-gener, og negative for undersøkte O-grupper i screeningen.
Resultatene i denne studien viste at ni av de 71 prøvene var positive for stx2a-genet. Ved påfølgende forsøk på isolering, ble stx2a-positive E. coli isolert fra to av ni prøver. Fire stx2a-positive STEC-isolater fra to ulike kjøttdeigprøver ble karakterisert, og resultatene fra O-gruppe typingen viste at ingen av de vanligste serogruppene assosiert med sykdom hos menneske ble påvist. Virulenskarakteriseringen viste at de stx2a-positive STEC isolatene også var stx1a-positve og stx1c-, stx1d- og eae-negative. Resultatene fra helgenomsekvenseringen bekreftet for øvrig at dette var tilfellet for de to undersøkte isolatene (en fra hver prøve), i tillegg til at isolatene hadde gener for ulike virulensfaktorer. Helgenomsekvensering avslørte også at isolatene var av serotype O22:H8 og O153/O178:H19.
Resultatene fra denne studien indikerer at forekomsten av stx2a-positive E. coli i norsk kjøttdeig er lav. Det finnes ikke, så vidt vi vet, lignende studier på forekomsten av stx2a i kjøttdeig eller næringsmidler generelt, slik at sammenlignbare data ikke er tilgjengelig. STEC-isolatene var stx2a og stx1a positive, noe som antyder at isolatene kan være humanpatogene. Allikevel ble ingen av de vanligste serogruppene assosiert med sykdom, og heller ikke det intimin-kodende genet eae påvist. Isolatene hadde derimot gener for andre potensielle virulensmekanismer. Basert på isolatenes virulensprofil kan man ikke utelukke sannsynligheten for at de kan forårsake sykdom hos mennesker.Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), also known as Verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC), harbor genes encoding Shiga toxins (stx). Some STEC also harbor the intimin-coding gene eae, and this combination of virulence genes is highly associated with severe disease in humans, such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Not all STEC are pathogenic to humans, but especially Shiga toxin subtype stx2a is associated with the most severe cases of human infection. STEC has its main reservoir in cattle, and fecal contamination of food products and contact with animals are the main vehicle of transmission.
In this study, the occurrence of pathogenic STEC, with main focus on the stx2a-gene, was examined in Norwegian minced meat. Previously, 308 minced meat samples were screened for the presence of stx1, stx2 and eae, as well as the O-serogroup associated genes for O26, O103, O145 and O157. In this thesis, 71 stx2-positive samples were included and screened by PCR for subtype stx2a. It was attempted to isolate stx2a-positive E. coli from PCR-positive samples. Further on, stx2a-positive isolates were characterized to investigate which virulence genes the isolates carry. In addition, E. coli positive for stx- and eae-genes, and negative for the tested O-groups, were attempted isolated.
The results in this study indicated that nine out of 71 of the minced meat samples were positive for the stx2a-gene. stx2a-positive STEC were isolated from two out of nine samples. Four stx2a-positive STEC, from two different minced meat samples, were further characterized, and the typing of O-groups showed that none of the common serogroups involved in human disease were identified. Moreover, determination of virulence genes revealed that the stx2a-positive STEC isolates were stx1a-positve and stx1c-, stx1d- and eae-negative. The whole genome sequencing confirmed the presence of virulence genes for the two examined isolates (one from each samples). In addition, the isolates possessed several other genes encoding different virulence factors. The whole genome sequencing also estimated that the isolates had serotypes O22:H8 and O153/O178:H19.
The results from the present study indicate that the occurrence of stx2a-positive E. coli in Norwegian minced meat is low. To the best of our knowledge, it has not been published similar studies on the prevalence of stx2a in minced meat or food products, and no comparable data is available. The STEC-isolates were stx2a and stx1a positive, indicating that they might be pathogenic to humans. Despite this, none of the most common serogroups associated with human disease, nor the intimin-coding gene eae were detected. On the other hand, the isolates did possess genes encoding other virulence mechanisms. Thus, based on the virulence profile, one cannot rule out the possibility that the isolates may cause infection in humans.M-MA
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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