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Dexmedetomidine for perioperative management of five dogs submitted to a pheochromocytoma ablation
No full textDexmedetomidine for perioperative management of five dogs submitted to a pheochromocytoma ablation
Lambertini C., Joechler M, Foglia A., Romagnoli N.
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna,. Via Tolara di Sopra 50 - 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy.
Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) ablation produces severe cardiovascular complications. In humans dexmedetomidine minimizes hemodynamic alterations during surgical PHEO manipulation (Singh and Singh 2014).
Five mixed breed dogs undergoing adrenalectomy for PHEO were premedicated with dexmedetomidine (1g kg-1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg-1) IM. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol IV and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Dexmedetomidine (0.5 g kg-1 h-1) and remifentanil (3 g kg-1 min-1) or fentanyl (5-10 g kg-1 h-1) were administered IV. Cardiorespiratory parameters were monitored throughout the procedure. After extubation, dexmedetomidine was discontinued and post-operative analgesia was provided by methadone (0.1 mg kg-1) IM. Episode of hypotension, hypertension and arrhythmias were recorded and quantified. Data were analyzed with a descriptive statistic and are shown as mean SD.
In all dogs, sedation and induction were smooth without hemodynamic alterations. The mean HR intraopearively was 77.9 15.9 beats min-1 and the mean MAP was 75.1 4.7 mmHg. One dog experienced atrioventricular blocks and a transient increase in blood pressure up to a MAP of 125 mmHg. Two dogs experienced transient hypotension (MAP 50 mmHg):one dog was treated with crystalloid administration; but in the other one dobutamine was administered IV. All dogs were discharged within 10 days.
Perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine along with remifentanil or fentanyl in dogs with PHEO provided satisfactory sedation and analgesia. In addition dexmedetomidine, by means of its effect of inhibition of catecholamines’ outflow (Moura et al. 2006; Jung et al. 2012), prevented significant alteration in HR and blood pressure during mass manipulation.
References
Moura E, Afonso J, Hein L et al. (2006) α2-adrenoceptor subtypes involved in the regulation of catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla of mice. Br J Pharmacol 149, 1049-1058.
Jung JW, Park JK, Jeon SY et al. (2012) Dexmedetomidine and remifentanil in the perioperative management of an adolescent undergoing resection of pheochromocytoma -A case report- Korean J Anesthesiol 63, 555–558.
Singh S & Singh A (2014) Dexmedetomidine induced catecholamine suppression in pheochromocytoma. J Nat Sci Biol Med 5, 182-183
Interaction between vascular prostheses and rifampicin in the prevention of the grafts infection. An experimental study
No full textInfections caused by synthetic prostheses are relatively rare (1.5-6%) but serious complication in vascular surgery. There is no doubt that during and immediately after surgery bacterial contamination may occur. An in vitro study was carried out in the Vascutek laboratories, which revealed a high affinity between prostheses in Dacron gel and Rifampicin. This affinity, the result of an ionic bond, was demonstrated by the fact that after 5 days Rifampicin was still present on the prostheses. Encouraged by this result, an experimental study was carried out in sheep. Five sheep were operated on making a prosthetic graft in both of the common carotid arteries: on one side a Gelseal Dacron prosthesis was implanted after being soaked for 15 minutes in a solution containing 1 mg/ml Rifampicin. A Knitted Dacron prosthesis was implanted in the contralateral carotid artery, again after pretreatment with Rifampicin. Explants were made after 2, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, and the concentration of Rifampicin on the prostheses was assessed on the basis of the diameter of the inhibition area on Staphylococcus aureus cultures. The results showed that the Gelseal Dacron prostheses maintained Rifampicin concentrations with an antibacterial activity up to 72 hours; this property disappears with the Knitted Dacron prostheses after only 24 hours. These results confirm the high affinity of Gelseal Dacron and Rifampicin also in in vivo experimental models
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
CADMIUM, LEAD AND COPPER CONCENTRATION IN NORMAL AND CATARACTOUS CANINE LENSES: PRELIMINARY STUDY IN NORTERN ITALY
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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