4,388 research outputs found
Constraints on Tsallis Cosmology from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the Relic Abundance of Cold Dark Matter Particles
Full text linkBy employing Tsallis’ extensive but non-additive δ-entropy, we formulate the first two laws of thermodynamics for gravitating systems. By invoking Carathéodory’s principle, we pay particular attention to the integrating factor for the heat one-form. We show that the latter factorizes into the product of thermal and entropic parts, where the entropic part cannot be reduced to a constant, as is the case in conventional thermodynamics, due to the non-additive nature of Sδ. The ensuing two laws of thermodynamics imply a Tsallis cosmology, which is then applied to a radiation-dominated universe to address the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the relic abundance of cold dark matter particles. It is demonstrated that the Tsallis cosmology with the scaling exponent δ∼1.499 (or equivalently, the anomalous dimension Δ∼0.0013) consistently describes both the abundance of cold dark matter particles and the formation of primordial light elements, such as deuterium 2H and helium 4He. Salient issues, including the zeroth law of thermodynamics for the δ-entropy and the lithium 7Li problem, are also briefly discussed
Quantum field theory and its macroscopic manifestations: boson condensation, ordered patterns and topological defects
No full textThis book is a self-contained presentation of the quantum field theory of topological defects created during spontaneous symmetry breakdown phase transitions, with a particular emphasis on phenomenological issues of current interest
Generalized generating functional for mixed-representation Green's functions: A quantum-mechanical approach
No full textWhen one tries to take into account the nontrivial vacuum structure of quantum field theory, the standard functional-integral tools, such as generating functionals or transitional amplitudes, are often quite inadequate for such purposes. Here we propose a generalized generating functional for Green's functions which allows one to easily distinguish among a continuous set of vacua that are mutually connected via unitary canonical transformations. In order to keep our discussion as simple as possible, we limit ourselves to quantum mechanics where the generating functional of Green's functions is constructed by means of phase-space path integrals. The quantum-mechanical setting allows us to accentuate the main logical steps involved without embarking on technical complications such as renormalization or inequivalent representations that should otherwise be addressed in the full-fledged quantum field theory. We illustrate the inner workings of the generating functional obtained by discussing Green's functions among vacua that are mutually connected via translations and dilatations. Salient issues, including connection with quantum field theory, vacuum-to-vacuum transition amplitudes, and perturbation expansion in the vacuum parameter, are also briefly discussed
Effective action approach to dynamical generation of fermion mixing
Full text linkIn this paper we discuss a mechanism for the dynamical generation of flavor mixing, in the framework of the Nambu-Jona Lasinio model. Our approach is illustrated both with the conventional operatorial formalism and with functional integral and ensuing one-loop effective action. The results obtained are briefly discussed
Petr Simon (1944-2018)
No full textThis article is a reflection on the mathematical legacy of Professor Petr Simon.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Analysi
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