59 research outputs found
Minimum substrate requirements of endoglycosidase activities toward dermatan sulfate by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry
No full text© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.The catabolism of dermatan sulfate (DS) commences with endohydrolysis of the polysaccharide to oligosaccharides by proposed endo-β-N-acetylhexosaminidase and endohexuronidase activities. To investigate the substrate specificities of these activities, we developed an assay to measure specific products of their action upon oligosaccharide substrates. Tetra- to tetradecasaccharides, rich in glucuronic acid (GlcA) or iduronic acid (IdoA), were obtained from chondroitinase ABC digests of chondroitin sulfate (CS)-A and DS, respectively, separated by gel-filtration chromatography and characterized by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Endo-β-N-acetylhexosaminidase and endohexuronidase cleavage of these oligosaccharides was then assessed by incubating with cell homogenate (source of endoglycosidase activity) and measuring di- to octasaccharide products derived from the nonreducing end of the substrate by ESI-MS/MS. We found that both activities preferentially degraded the GlcA-rich substrate, with minor activity toward the IdoA-rich substrate and that a minimum of four and five monosaccharides were required on the reducing side of the target glycosidic linkage for endo-β-N-acetylhexosaminidase and endohexuronidase cleavage, respectively. Thus, the minimum-sized substrates were a hexasaccharide for endo-β-N-acetylhexosaminidase and an octasaccharide for endohexuronidase. We observed that endo-β-N-acetylhexosaminidase sequentially removed tetrasaccharides from the nonreducing end of oligosaccharides when unrestricted by substrate length, whereas endohexuronidase activity was random and comparatively low. The activities displayed acidic pH optima and were shown by subcellular fractionation to reside in lysosomes and late endosomes. We suggest that these activities represent the known Hyal-1 and endo-β-glucuronidase enzymes and that these enzymes act in concert to degrade GlcA-rich domains of DS but are less active toward regions containing IdoA.Timothy C Nielsen, Peter J Meikle, John J Hopwood and Maria Fulle
Construction project procurement: a critical review
No full textIn the context of the built environment, procurement may be described as the method by which a construction project proceeds from inception to completion. It refers specifically to the contractual framework that enables a client to engage a range of participants in order to have a built facility designed, constructed and handed over ready for occupation. In this chapter the author offers a critical review of a number of generic procurement methods or delivery systems that are in common use. They range from the traditional ‘design-bid-build’ approach through to the complex joint venture arrangements that are typical of very large projects that involve multiple, and often multinational, design, construction and project management firms, financed by complex funding arrangements that involve numerous sources of finance
Museum note no. 21
No full textDrawing on previous research and the 1985 oral history project of Cowichan Band members, the author discusses the history of Cowichan knitting, including the processing and spinning of wool, and the designs used in the iconic sweaters of the Canadian West Coast.Other UBCUnreviewedResearche
Globalization and Its Effects on Agriculture and Agribusiness in the Mississippi Delta: A Historical Overview and Prospects for the Future
No full textThis article examines processes of globalization and local development particularly how agribusiness, in alliance with the federal government, has shaped recent economic, demographic, and social changes in the Mississippi Delta region. The author examines how globalization shapes conditions in the flatland Mississippi Delta and argues that globalization creates conditions at the local level that suppress economic opportunities for many residents. The final section identifies the implications for public policy formulation and development practice on both the global and local levels.The author offers recommendations on how the region can “take the high road” to ease persistent poverty
The Geology of the Little River area, Baie d’Espoir, Newfoundland.
No full textThis thesis is a description of the geology of 125 square miles in south central Newfoundland. The area is a portion of a concession held by the Newfoundland and Labrador Exploration Company, for whom the survey was undertaken. It was mapped by the author and assistants during the summer of 1954. [...
Glucose modulates event-related potential components of recollection and familiarity in healthy adolescents.
No full textIntroduction Behavioural evidence supports the notion that oral glucose ingestion enhances recognition memory judgements based on recollection, but not familiarity. The present study sought to clarify and extend upon these behavioural findings by investigating the influence of glucose administration on event-related potential (ERP) components that are thought to be differentially mediated by recollection and familiarity processes in healthy adolescents. Methods In a within-subjects design, participants performed a recognition memory task, during which time electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded, subsequent to ingestion of either (a) glucose or (b) placebo in a counterbalanced order. Results Response times during the recognition memory task were observed to be faster for the glucose condition, relative to a placebo control. Further, glucose ingestion was associated with an enhanced left parietal old/new ERP effect (a marker of recollection) and an enhanced mid-frontal old/new ERP effect (known to be mediated by familiarity). Discussion These findings (a) support the results of previous research that the ‘glucose memory facilitation effect’ can be extended to healthy adolescents, but (b) suggest that glucose enhances both the recollection and familiarity components of recognition memory. The observed ERP profile has important implications for the proposal that glucose specifically targets the hippocampus in modulating cognitive performance
A new twist to fourier transforms
No full textMaking use of the inherent helix in the Fourier transform expression, this book illustrates both Fourier transforms and their properties in the round. The author draws on elementary complex algebra to manipulate the transforms, presenting the ideas in such a way as to avoid pages of complicated mathematics. Similarly, abbreviations are not used throughout and the language is kept deliberately clear so that the result is a text that is accessible to a much wider readership.The treatment is extended with the use of sampled data to finite and discrete transforms, the fast Fourier transform, or FFT, being a special case of a discrete transform. The application of Fourier transforms in statistics is illustrated for the first time using the examples operational research and later radar detection. In addition, a whole chapter on tapering or weighting functions is added for reference. The whole is rounded off by a glossary and examples of diagrams in three dimensions made possible by today's mathematics program
Rotterdam Harbour Police: the concepts of openness and closeness applied to window openings
No full textWindow openings allow communication between the interior and the exterior, but they are also elements that allow the user to control several aspects such as the light, sound, air, and privacy. Although people spend a great time inside, windows do have a strong relationship with the outdoor space and can influence a building’s openness or closeness. This relation has changed during the years with the introduction of new window opening types. (Orvell & Meikle, 2009). When referring to openness it cannot be thought about as visual transparency alone. In fact, it is related to all senses. It can be seen as the medium to regulate the functional between interior and exterior.” (Ayoub & Koba Yashi, 2001). This paper is part of the graduation studio Revitalising 20th century Heritage, aims to research theprocess of assessment of the role the window openings present in the three buildings of the Rotterdam Harbour Police station play in defining the building’s openness or closeness. This research is positioned in larger research on how window openings help define a building’s openness or closeness towards the surroundings and creating a helpful ‘design options palette’ when having to intervene in a building’s openness or closeness. The research concludes that most of the windows present in the oldest building present a high openness, as well as in the 1994 building. On the contrary, the 1940 building presents window typologies with a high closeness. However, this research needs to be further developed in relation to other elements.Adapting 20C HeritageArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Heritage & Architectur
An analysis of construction related contractual issues (risk, time and claim related) in the context of the construction related contractual obligations of the contractor and the employer in fidic yellow (plant and design-build) general conditions of
No full textIncludes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-169)
The traveller: or, Meditations on various subjects, written on board a man of war; to which is added, Converse with the world unseen.
No full textShaw-Shoemaker 35243.The life of the author is by James Peddie.Mode of access: Internet
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