125,694 research outputs found
Feldman, Harry A. -- 1951 -- Correspondence, Toxoplasmosis -- letter, 1951-10-15
No full textLetter from Jefferies, Mildred to Sabin, Albert B. dated 1951-10-15.Sabin Collection Fair Use Policy</a
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Continued control of pneumococcal disease in the UK - the impact of vaccination
No full textStreptococcus pneumoniae, also known as the pneumococcus, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed and developing world. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines were first introduced for routine use in the USA in 2000, although the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was not introduced into the UK's routine childhood immunization programme until September 2006. After its introduction, a marked decrease in the incidence of pneumococcal disease was observed, both in the vaccinated and unvaccinated UK populations. However, pneumococci are highly diverse and serotype prevalence is dynamic. Conversely, PCV7 targets only a limited number of capsular types, which appears to confer a limited lifespan to the observed beneficial effects. Shifts in serotype distribution have been detected for both non-invasive and invasive disease reported since PCV7 introduction, both in the UK and elsewhere. The pneumococcal Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV, Synflorix; GlaxoSmithKline) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Prevenar 13; Pfizer) have been newly licensed. The potential coverage of the 10- and 13-valent conjugate vaccines has also altered alongside serotype shifts. Nonetheless, the mechanism of how PCV7 has influenced serotype shift is not clear-cut as the epidemiology of serotype prevalence is complex. Other factors also influence prevalence and incidence of pneumococcal carriage and disease, such as pneumococcal diversity, levels of antibiotic use and the presence of risk groups. Continued surveillance and identification of factors influencing serotype distribution are essential to allow rational vaccine design, implementation and continued effective control of pneumococcal disease
What visual literacy is not!
No full textThis paper intends to help design educators reach a more informed understanding of visual literacy by stating what we already know it is not, in order to promote discussion on how it can be fostered. This paper is based on Jefferies’ PhD research from an empirical visual experiment carried out on a wide range of design practitioners, design students and the general public.
Specific terms of influence such as ‘fixed’, ‘cross-disciplines’ and ‘accessibility’ were highlighted for discussion when considering what visual literacy is not, and were consequently used to frame the problem. When considering each of these influences in terms of seeing; (a) Viewing visual language as a ‘fixed’ vocabulary does not allow for each working context to have its own visual value system. (b) Literacy of ‘cross-disciplines’ may not enable a way of seeing to be transferred between each design discipline. (c) ‘Accessibility’ in terms of a student’s ability to read or write an image can not be determined from a designer’s final product, as each individual and context is different.
It is proposed that debating the three identified areas will heighten design educators’ awareness and provide a valuable basis for future pedagogy practices
Observed Local Dispersion Relations for Magnetoacoustic-gravity Waves in the Sun’s Atmosphere: Mapping the Acoustic Cutoff Frequency
No full textWe present the observed local dispersion relations for magnetoacoustic-gravity waves in the Sun’s atmosphere for different levels of magnetic field strength. We model these data with a theoretical local dispersion relation to produce spatial maps of the acoustic cutoff frequency in the Sun’s photosphere. These maps have implications for the mechanical heating of the Sun’s upper atmosphere, by magnetoacoustic-gravity waves, at different phases of the solar magnetic activity cycle
Feldman, Harry A. -- 1951 -- Correspondence, Toxoplasmosis -- letter, 1951-10-13
No full textLetter from Sabin, Albert B. to Jefferies, Mildred B. dated 1951-10-13.Sabin Collection Fair Use Policy</a
B.R.F. Jefferies
No full textA purely analytic criterion is presented which characterises the commutativity of a finitecollection of (2 \Theta 2) selfadjoint matrices. Indeed, it is always possible to associate with such matrices their so called Weyl Calculus which is a matrix-valued distribution of finite order. It is shown that the matrices commute if and only if their associated Weyl Calculus is a distribution of order zero. Given a collection of n selfadjoint operators in H = C 2 ; say A 1 ; : : : ; A n , the Weyl Calculus for the n-tuple A = (A 1 ; : : : ; A n ) is an L(H)-valued distribution which represents a particular rule allowing the construction of certain functions of the matrices A 1 ; : : : ; A n . For ¸ = (¸ 1 ; : : : ; ¸ n ) 2 R n ; the operator h¸; Ai = P n j=1 ¸ j A j is again selfadjoint and hence ke ih¸;Ai k = 1: Let S(R n ) denote the Schwartz space of C-valued, rapidly decreasing functions on R n : More precisely then, the Weyl Calculus for A; [1; 2]; is the L(H)-valued distribu..
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
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