1,720,954 research outputs found
Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Juglans Regia L. and Coffea Canephora Extract Gel: An In-vitro Study
Get PDFBackground:
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) pose a challenge due to chronic progression, malignant potential, and the limitations of conventional therapies, which often cause side effects and fail to address underlying mechanisms like oxidative stress and inflammation. Juglans regia L. (walnut) and Coffea canephora (coffee bean) are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and caffeine, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifibrolytic properties.
Aim:
To evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties of a novel topical gel combining Juglans regia and Coffea canephora extracts as a safer and more effective alternative for managing OPMDs.
Materials and Methods:
The aqueous extracts of Juglans regia L. (walnut) and Coffea canephora (coffee) were prepared separately by grinding 10 grams of each respective powder and mixing with 100 ml of distilled water, heated, and then filtered. Condensing solutions were formed by heating 50 ml of each extract to 50-60°C until reduced to 5 ml. These extracts were added to a mixture of Carbopol 940 and carboxymethyl cellulose to prepare the gel. The gel\u27s antioxidant activity was evaluated through 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) radical scavenging assay, and the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay.. Anti-inflammatory properties were assessed via bovine serum albumin and egg albumin denaturation assays, and membrane stabilization assay.
Results:
The Coffee bean and Walnut gel exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities across all assays. Antioxidant effects in DPPH, H₂O₂, and FRAP assays were comparable to the standard, with no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Similarly, in BSA, EA, and membrane stabilization assays, the gel’s anti-inflammatory response closely mirrored that of the standard. All results were based on triplicate tests and analyzed using Student’s t-test (p < 0.05 considered significant).
Conclusion:
Juglans regia L. and Coffea canephora extract gel could be a promising, treatment option for inflammatory and potentially malignant disorders especially, OSMF due to its natural composition, targeted delivery, and potential to address the underlying mechanisms of the disease. This novel treatment modality offers a potential alternative or adjunct to the currently available antioxidant and anti-inflammatory medications
Cytotoxic Effects of Juglans Regia L. and Coffea Canephora on Human Gingival Fibroblasts
Get PDFBACKGROUND:Juglans regia L. (English walnut) and Coffea canephora (robusta coffee) are widely recognized for their rich composition of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. These natural compounds exhibit various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, which make them valuable candidates for therapeutic applications. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), crucial in maintaining gingival tissue integrity and oral health, are a focus of interest in evaluating the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of these natural products. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of walnut powder and coffee extracts on HGF cells, providing insights into their potential applications in dental formulations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:The cytotoxic effects of Juglans regia L. and Coffea canephora were assessed using the MTT assay. Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured in 96-well plates and treated with varying concentrations (0 µg/ml to 500 µg/ml) of the extracts for 24 hours. The MTT dye (10 mg/ml) was added to each well, and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 4 hours. After incubation, the medium was replaced with DMSO to dissolve the formazan crystals, and absorbance was measured at 570 nm using a Synergy Hybrid Multi-Mode Reader. Cell viability was calculated and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons. Morphological changes were assessed using phase-contrast microscopy at 20X magnification.
RESULTS:The study revealed a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of the extracts on HGF cells. At lower concentrations (0–50 µg/ml), cell viability remained high, indicating minimal cytotoxicity. However, at higher concentrations (200 µg/ml and above), a significant reduction in cell viability was observed (p < 0.001). Morphological assessments showed clear cellular alterations, including changes in shape and density, particularly at higher extract concentrations. Control samples maintained normal morphology and viability, providing a baseline for comparison.
CONCLUSION:This study demonstrated that Juglans regia L. and Coffea canephora exhibit concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblasts. While lower concentrations were well-tolerated, higher concentrations significantly impacted cell viability and morphology. These findings underscore the need to optimize extract concentrations for safe and effective use in dental applications. Further research is recommended to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects and evaluate their potential therapeutic benefits in oral health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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