118 research outputs found
‘Standard’ cosmological model and beyond with CMB
No full text'Standard' cosmological model and beyond with CMB
Tarun Souradeep
Published 20 May 2011 • 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd
Classical and Quantum Gravity, Volume 28, Number 11
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[email protected]
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Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
Dates
Received 11 January 2011
Published 20 May 2011
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Tarun Souradeep 2011 Class. Quantum Grav. 28 114016
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/28/11/114016
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Abstract
Observational cosmology has made very rapid progress in the past decade. The ability to quantify the universe has largely improved due to observational constraints coming from structure formation measurements; cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy and, more recently, polarization have played a very important role. Besides precise determination of various parameters of the 'standard' cosmological model, observations have also established some important basic tenets that underlie models of cosmology and structure formation in the universe—'acausally' correlated initial perturbations in a flat, statistically isotropic universe, adiabatic nature of primordial density perturbations. These are consistent with the expectation of the paradigm of inflation and the generic prediction of the simplest realization of an inflationary scenario in the early universe. Furthermore, gravitational instability is the established mechanism for structure formation from these initial perturbations. The signature of primordial perturbations observed as the CMB anisotropy and polarization is the most compelling evidence for new, possibly fundamental, physics in the early universe. The community is now looking beyond the estimation of parameters of a working 'standard' model of cosmology for subtle, characteristic signatures from early universe physics
Leviathans: Headspace-like behemoths swallow resources
No full texthttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-6911 Looi Jeffrey CL 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-5310 Allison Stephen 2 Bastiampillai Tarun 2 3 1 Academic Unit of Psychiatry & Addiction Medicine, ANU Medical School, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia 2 Discipline of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia 3 South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia Jeffrey CL Looi, Academic Unit of Psychiatry & Addiction Medicine, ANU Medical School, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT 2605, Australia. Email: [email protected] 11 2019 53 11 1050 1051 © The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2019 2019 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists Declaration of Conflicting Interests The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. Funding The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. ORCID iDs Jeffrey CL Looi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-6911 Stephen Allison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-5310Peer-reviewe
Functional outcome of arthroscopic Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability based on suture anchor configuration
No full textBackground: The objective of the study was to evaluate the functional outcome of arthroscopic Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability to assess whether the number and position of suture anchors plays a role in determining the functional outcome.Methods: This was a prospective study on 32 patients operated with arthroscopic Bankart repair between December 2017 to April 2019. Pre-op and regular follow-up scores were measured at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months post-op using Rowe score and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score to assess functional outcome.Results: Mean age of the study group was 24.5±6.9 years. Functional outcome as determined by Rowe score and ASES score at 6 months follow-up were found to be 90.5±7.2 and 85.9±14.1 respectively when compared to the pre-op scores of 23.2±8.2 and 47.9±5.7 respectively; all of which showed highly significant functional improvement with highly significant reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) pain score. Patients had no recurrent dislocations with mean external rotation limitation of 5o. 25 (78.1%) patients had two suture anchors inserted and 7 (21.9%) patients had multiple (>2) anchors; and when analysis was done, there was no statistically significant difference between number of suture anchors used with respect to the functional scores.Conclusions: We conclude that arthroscopic Bankart repair is a useful and successful procedure. Patient identification and selection remains the key in determining the success of repair. Meticulous surgical technique and correct positioning of suture anchors may help in reducing the number of anchors without compromising on the final functional outcome, thereby reducing the economic burden on patients
Correction: Feasibility and acceptability of implementing the Global Scales for Early Development (GSED) package for children 0–3 years across three countries
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in the author names of Magdalena Janus, Yvonne Schönbeck, Abdullah H. Baqui and Rasheda Khanam, and an error to the affiliations of authors Tarun Dua, Romuald Kouadio E. Anago, Michelle Perez Maillard and Gillian Lancaster. The incorrect author name is: Magdalana Janus. The correct author name is: Magdalena Janus. The incorrect author name is: Yvonne Schonbeck. The correct author name is: Yvonne Schönbeck. The incorrect author name is: Abdullah Baqui. The correct author name is: Abdullah H. Baqui. The incorrect author name is: Rasheda Khanum. The correct author name is: Rasheda Khanam. Authors Tarun Dua and Michelle Perez Maillard should be affiliated to “Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland”, author Romuald Kouadio E. Anago should be affiliated to “Innovations for Poverty Action, IPA Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire”, and author Gillian Lancaster should be affiliated to “School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK”. The author group has been updated above and the original article [1] has been corrected
Comparative transcriptomics and co-expression networks reveal tissue- and genotype-specific responses of QDTYS to reproductive-stage drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa l.)
No full textRice (Oryza sativa L.) is more sensitive to drought stress than other cereals. Particularly during reproductive stages, drought causes yield reductions of 50-80%. With at least 25 million hectares of drought-prone rainfed rice, drought remains a major environmental constraint to rice production. While a few gene-expression profiling studies in rice in response to drought at the reproductive stage have been conducted, our knowledge of biological mechanisms in this respect is limited. Analysis tends to be restricted relative to the drought susceptible Nipponbare-reference genome, potentially missing genes unique to tolerant donor genomes. The objectives of this Ph.D. research were i) understand the genome-wide transcriptional changes at the reproductive-stage using above-ground tissues, ii) identify drought-responsive modules and pathways and assess their potential role and contribution for reproductive-stage drought tolerance, and iii) evaluate the similarities and dissimilarities of drought quantitative trait loci, across three representative genomes and discuss the potential involvement of the identified candidate genes for drought tolerance. The research objectives were addressed through RNA-Sequencing the flag-leaf and panicle tissues using a Drought-Tolerant Yield introgression line, DTY-IL, and the recurrent parent Swarna, under moderate reproductive-stage drought stress. Also, RNA-Sequencing analysis was done using the Nipponbare-reference approach and analyzed using the representative genome from indica and aus subpopulation.
We employed RNA-Seq to independently analyzed transcriptomes of flag-leaf and panicle tissues of DTY-IL and Swarna under the well-watered condition and after two weeks of moderate reproductive-stage drought stress. Differential expression analysis showed a distinct gene expression profile between the two genotypes and tissues. In flag-leaf, Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) downregulated in Swarna under drought were related to post-translational modifications and photosynthesis. At the same time, upregulated DEGs in DTY-IL were enriched for antioxidant enzymes. In panicle, DEGs downregulated in Swarna under drought were involved in DNA damage repair pathways and photosynthesis. Simultaneously, DEGs upregulated in DTY-IL under drought were enriched for post-translational modification, especially ‘phosphorylation.’
A co-expression network approach across flag-leaf and panicle tissues in drought-stressed and control plants identified drought-responsive modules of putatively co-regulated genes within each network. In flag leaf, M14 showed distinct upregulation of cell-wall biogenesis and cytoskeleton-related genes in DTY-IL under drought. This lack of cell wall remodeling in Swarna was suggested to contribute to the leaf-rolling phenotype observed under drought. M16, on the other hand, was associated with the downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes in Swarna under drought. In the panicle, modules M10 and M15 showed upregulation of several secondary metabolic pathway genes in DTY-IL. M10 further showed significant upregulation of several receptor kinases in DTY-IL. Hub genes of importance in differential drought responses included an expansion in the flag leaf and two peroxidases in the panicle.
Overlaying differential expression data with allelic variation in DTY-IL quantitative trait loci allowed for the prioritization of candidate genes. They included a differentially regulated auxin-responsive protein, with DTY-IL-specific amino acid changes in conserved domains, as well as a protein kinase with a DTY-IL-specific frameshift in the C-terminal region. An additional candidate gene was identified in MH63 in the indica genome to be a potential negative regulator of drought. The approach highlights how the integration of differential expression and allelic variation can help discover mechanisms and putative causal contributions underlying quantitative trait loci for drought-tolerant yield.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01The student, Jeshurun Asher Tarun, accepted the attached license on 2021-04-07 at 15:38.The student, Jeshurun Asher Tarun, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2021-04-07 at 15:38.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2021-04-15 at 16:05.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16187 on 2021-09-16 at 17:01:54Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T02:34:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Effects of aerial adulticiding for mosquito management on non-target insects: A Bayesian and community ecology approach
No full textEcosphereEffects of aerial adulticiding for mosquito management on non-target insects: A Bayesian and community ecology approach Ilia Rochlin, Greg White, Nadja Reissen, Tarun Martheswaran and Ary FarajiCenter for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180 Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 Salt Lake City Mosquito Abatement District, 2215 North 2200 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116Corresponding author: [email protected]</div
Human Musculoskeletal Biomechanics
No full textThis book covers many aspects of human musculoskeletal biomechanics. As the title represents, aspects of forces, motion, kinetics, kinematics, deformation, stress, and strain are examined for a range of topics such as human muscles, skeleton, and vascular biomechanics independently or in the presence of devices. Topics range from image processing to interpret range of motion and/or diseases, to subject specific temporomandibular joint, spinal units, braces to control scoliosis, hand functions, spine anthropometric analyses along with finite element analyses. Therefore, this book will be valuable to students at introductory level to researchers at MS and PhD level searching for science of specific muscle/vascular to skeletal biomechanics. This book will be an ideal text to keep for graduate students in biomedical engineering since it is available for free, students may want to make use of this opportunity. Those that are interested to participate in the future edition of this book, on the same topic, as a contributor please feel free to contact the author
Enhanced discrimination of DNA molecules in nanofluidic channels through multiple measurements
No full textAuthor Manuscript 2013 March 21.Nanofluidic sensing elements have been the focus of recent experiments for numerous applications ranging from nucleic acid fragment sizing to single-molecule DNA sequencing. These applications critically rely on high measurement fidelity, and methods to increase resolution are required. Herein, we describe fabrication and testing of a nanochannel device that enhances measurement resolution by performing multiple measurements (>100) on single DNA molecules. The enhanced measurement resolution enabled length discrimination between a mixture of λ-DNA (48.5 kbp) and T7 DNA (39.9 kbp) molecules, which were detected as transient current changes during translocation of the molecules through the nanochannel. As long DNA molecules are difficult to resolve quickly and with high fidelity with conventional electrophoresis, this approach may yield potentially portable, direct electrical sizing of DNA fragments with high sensitivity and resolution.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R21EB009180)United States. Air Force (Contract FA8721-05-C- 0002
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