12 research outputs found
Design Space Assessment of Hydrogen Storage Onboard Medium and Heavy Duty Fuel Cell Electric Trucks
No full textHydrogen fuel cells are an important part of a portfolio of strategies for reducing petroleum use and emissions from medium and heavy duty (MD and HD) vehicles; however, their deployment is very limited compared to other powertrains. This paper addresses gaseous hydrogen storage tank design and location on representative MD and HD vehicles. Storage design is based on vehicle size and occupation. The available storage space on representative vehicles is assessed and is used to estimate the weight and capacity of composite material-based compressed gaseous storage at 350 and 700 bar. Results demonstrate the technical feasibility of using hydrogen storage for fuel cell electric trucks (FCETs) across a wide range of the MD and HD vehicle market. This analysis is part of a longer-term project to understand which market segments provide the maximum economic impact and greenhouse gas reduction opportunities for FCETs.</jats:p
Design Space Assessment of Hydrogen Storage Onboard Medium and Heavy Duty Fuel Cell Electric Trucks
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Life-cycle implications of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle technology for medium- and heavy-duty trucks
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Greenhouse gas emissions embodied in the U.S. solar photovoltaic supply chain
No full textSolar photovoltaic (PV) electricity is considered to be an important source of electricity generation in the quest for net-zero carbon emissions. However, the growth of solar electricity is creating both increased material demands and increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from silicon and PV manufacturing (also referred to as embodied GHG emissions of solar electricity). Here we analyze the silicon and solar PV supply chain for the United States (U.S.) market and find that the embodied GHG emissions of solar PV panel materials (such as silicon), manufacture, logistics, and installation in the U.S. given the current supply chain are 36 g CO _2 e kWh ^−1 of solar electricity generated. Eighty-five percent of the embodied GHG emissions are from PV panel production processes in China and other Asia–Pacific countries. Moving the silicon and PV manufacturing to the U.S. would reduce the embodied GHG emissions of solar electricity by 16% from its current level, primarily because of the lower GHG emission intensity of the U.S. electrical grid and the lower GHG emissions for aluminum electrolysis in North America. Future scenario analysis shows that by 2030, with the U.S. PV domestic supply chain and its decarbonized grid electricity and aluminum production, as well as improving PV conversion efficiency, the embodied GHG emissions of solar electricity in the U.S. will be reduced to 21 g CO _2 e kWh ^−1
State of the Art of Fuel Cells for Ship Applications
No full textFuel cells promise to be far more efficient, produce lower or zero emissions, and operate cleaner than conventional internal-combustion engine and gas turbine. They are already used for transportation application (buses, cars and tramways). Fuel cells can also be an interesting solution for ships power. However the developments of fuel cell systems for ship are in infancy. The only exception is the PEMFC in the submarines. This solution allows obtaining an air-independent propulsion (AIP) system, which has been adopted in several countries. This paper presents a comprehensive review of different fuel cells and their application on ships. The pro and the cons of the use of fuel cell in ship application are discussed particularly in terms of lifetime and cos
