283 research outputs found
Languages and Worldview
No full textThis work was created as part of the University of Missouri’s Affordable and Open Access Educational Resources Initiative (https://www.umsystem.edu/ums/aa/oer).I. Language and Culture: Concepts and DefinitionsII. Conveying MeaningIII. The Ethnolinguistic PerspectiveIV. Language, Worldviews, and Intercultural CommunicationAsks and answers questions about what culture entails and examines the fundamental properties and intertwining nature of language and culture. This text explores linguistic relativity, lexical differences among languages and intercultural communication, including high and low contexts.Changes to a variety of OER works were made by Manon Allard-Kropp in the Department of Language and Cultural Studies to tailor the text to fit the needs of the Languages and World View course at the University of Missouri-St. Louis. Materials from the original sources have been combined, reorganized, and added to by the current author, and any conceptual or typographical errors are the responsibility of the current author
Therapeutic use of secretome and exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells for the regeneration of chondral lesions in horses
No full textLe cartilage hyalin est un tissu conjonctif recouvrant les extrémités des os et assurant le bon fonctionnement des articulations synoviales. Au cours du vieillissement ou suite à des traumatismes physiques, le cartilage peut subir des lésions et se dégrader progressivement, menant au développement de l’arthrose dont les symptômes se manifestent sous la forme de douleurs, de gonflements et de l’inflammation de l’articulation. Du fait de l’exposition des chevaux à des compétitions sportives intenses et fréquentes, l’arthrose est fortement prévalente dans la filière équine, entraînant l’altération du bien-être animal ainsi que d’importantes pertes économiques. Actuellement, seuls des traitements palliatifs sont disponibles, cependant, l’utilisation du sécrétome de cellules souches mésenchymateuses de moelle osseuse (CSM-MO) émerge comme une solution thérapeutique innovante tout en s’affranchissant de certaines contraintes liées aux thérapies cellulaires. Définit comme l’ensemble des particules et éléments bioactifs sécrétés par les cellules, le sécrétome contient également des nanovésicules extracellulaires (nVE) dont une catégorie, les exosomes, présente une composition et des capacités de vectorisation séduisantes pour la régénération du cartilage. Dans ce contexte, les objectifs de ces travaux de thèse étaient de produire, caractériser et évaluer le potentiel du sécrétome des CSM-MO équines, ainsi que de leurs nVE, pour la régénération des lésions chondrales chez le cheval. Premièrement, nous avons collecté le sécrétome de CSM-MO équines en culture monocouche via la production de milieux conditionnés (MC). Ces MC ont permis de favoriser in vitro la migration des chondrocytes et d’augmenter la synthèse des collagènes de types I, II et IIB dans des organoïdes cartilagineux in vitro. Par la suite, trois cytokines pro-inflammatoires équines (IL-1β, TNF-α et IFN-γ) ont été utilisées pour stimuler les propriétés immunomodulatrices des CSM. Le traitement des chondrocytes par du MC obtenu après le priming des CSM par de l’IL-1β et du TNF-α a permis d’induire l’accumulation des collagènes I et IIB dans la matrice extracellulaire, tandis que l’IFN-γ a entraîné une diminution de leur expression. À l’inverse, le niveau des ARNm de certaines protéases matricielles s’est vu diminué lorsque le MC était obtenu après priming par l’IFN-γ et augmenté lors du priming par les deux autres cytokines. L’utilisation thérapeutique des exosomes étant plus avantageuse que celle du sécrétome complet, nous avons ensuite purifié les exosomes de CSM-MO par capture par membrane d’affinité (MAC) et chromatographie par exclusion de taille (SEC). La MAC a permis d’obtenir un rendement plus important que la SEC, malgré une plus faible pureté des exosomes. De plus, les exosomes isolés par MAC ont démontré un meilleur potentiel pour l’amélioration du phénotype chondrocytaire de type hyalin. La modulation de ce potentiel via le priming des CSM a révélé des effets spécifiques à chaque type d’exosomes. Ces travaux initient le développement de stratégies innovantes basées sur le sécrétome et les exosomes de CSM-MO pour la régénération du cartilage et le traitement de l’arthrose équine. Au vu des similitudes partagées par les articulations humaines et équines, ces études initiées chez le cheval ouvrent de vastes perspectives thérapeutiques en médecine clinique selon les préceptes du concept « One Health ».Hyaline cartilage is a connective tissue that covers the bone extremities and plays a crucial role in the proper function of synovial joints. During aging or as a result of physical trauma, the cartilage can be damaged and gradually degrade, leading to the development of osteoarthritis characterized by joint pain, swelling, and inflammation. Due to the exposure of horses to intense and frequent sport competitions, osteoarthritis is highly prevalent in the equine industry, resulting in impaired animal welfare and significant economic losses. Currently, only palliative treatments are available. However, the use of the secretome of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) emerges as an innovative therapeutic solution that overcomes certain limitations inherent to cellular therapies. Defined as the whole bioactive particles and elements secreted by cells, the secretome also contains extracellular nanovesicles (EVs), including a specific category commonly called exosomes, which possess attractive composition and vectorization properties in cartilage regenerative medicine. In this context, the aims of this thesis work were to produce, characterize, and evaluate the potential of the secretome of equine BM-MSCs, as well as their EVs, for the regeneration of chondral lesions in horses. Firstly, we collected the secretome of equine BM-MSCs in monolayer culture through the production of conditioned media (CM). These CM facilitated the in vitro migration of chondrocytes and increased the synthesis of type I, II, and IIB collagens in cartilaginous organoids in vitro. Subsequently, three equine pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) were used to stimulate the immunomodulatory properties of BM-MSCs. Treating chondrocytes with CM obtained after priming BM-MSCs with IL-1β and TNF-α induced the accumulation of type I and IIB collagens in the extracellular matrix, while IFN γ resulted in their decreased expression. Conversely, the mRNA level of certain matrix proteases was decreased when CM was obtained after priming with IFN-γ and increased when the two other cytokines were used for priming. Considering the therapeutic advantages of exosomes compared to the complete secretome, we then purified BM-MSC exosomes using membrane affinity capture (MAC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). MAC provided a higher yield than SEC, despite lower exosome purity. Interestingly, exosomes isolated by MAC demonstrated a greater potential in improving the hyaline-like chondrocyte phenotype. Modulation of this potential through CSM priming revealed specific effects for each type of exosome. These findings initiate the development of innovative strategies based on the secretome and exosomes of BM-MSCs for cartilage regeneration and the treatment of equine osteoarthritis. Considering the similarities between human and equine joints, these studies initiated in horses open wide therapeutic perspectives in clinical medicine following the principles of the "One Health" concept
Comparative Study of Jule Massenet's Manon and Giacomo Puccini's Manon Lescaut
No full text본 논문에서는 아베 프레보 (Abbe´ Pre´vost, 1697-1763)의 소설 “마농 레스코와 기사 데 그리외의 이야기(L'histoire du chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut,1731)”는 많은 대중들에게 인기를 얻었고, 시대를 뛰어넘어 작곡가들에게 오페라 소재로 선택되어졌다. 특히, 쥘 마스네(Jule Massenet, 1842-1912)의 오페라 「마농」(Manon)과 지아코모 푸치니(Giacomo Puccini, 1858-1924)의 오페라 「마농 레스코」(Manon Lescaut)는 대표적으로 지금까지 대중에게 많은 사랑을 받고 있다.
본 논문에서는 19세기 후반 프랑스와 이탈리아의 당시 유행했던 오페라 양식과 음악어법이 잘 나타난 이 두 작품을 통하여 하나의 소재에 의해 각기 다른 대본가와 작곡가의 성향에 따라 창조되어진 오페라의 구성, 줄거리 및 각 등장인물의 차이점에 대해 연구하였고, 피날레 부분의 이중창을 중심으로 선율, 화성, 리듬, 템포 등의 측면에서 분석하여 두 작곡가의 음악적 스타일을 비교 연구하였다.
마스네는 전체를 5막으로, 푸치니는 4막으로 구성하였다. 두 작품 모두 1막의 배경과 내용면에 있어 공통되지만 마스네의 작품 제 2막, 3막, 4막의 배경과 푸치니의 작품 제 2막, 3막에서 배경과 시간 흐름에 있어 전개의 차이점을 보였다. 두 작품의 비극적 결말을 맺는 피날레 이중창부분에 있어 마스네의 선율은 가사에 비중을 두어 프랑스어의 뉘앙스를 살린 낭송조의 선율로 나타내 말하는 듯한 표현을 대체로 짧은 악구로 형성하였고, 반주부는 장면과 감정을 묘사하는 방식으로 표현되었다. 반면 푸치니의 성악 선율은 음악에 더 비중을 두어 선율의 악구가 길고 성악 선율이 반주부에 포함된 부분이 많이 보였다. 또한 감정을 극대화 하기위해 대체로 음역이 넓고 풍부한 화성을 사용하여 마스네보다는 극의 긴장감이 더 느껴졌다.
이와 같이 하나의 원작을 가지고 각기 다른 대본가와 작곡가에 의해 새롭게 창조된 두 오페라를 통해 19세기 프랑스와 이탈리아의 시대적 배경과 음악어법에 따라 표현되어진 방법의 차이점을 알 수 있었다.;It was in 1731 that the French author Abbe´ Pre´vost (1697-1763) published "Histoire du Chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut." The work enjoyed much popularity among the public, and inspired various composers to write operas based on the novel. Especially, Manon by Jule Massenet (1842-1912) and Manon Lescaut by Giacomo Puccini (1858-1924) are considered representative works among such, and are dearly loved by the opera fans to this day.
In this research, the two works, which incorporate the opera forms and styles common in the late nineteenth-century France and Italy, are analyzed and compared. Although based on the same original novel, the two operas are constructed uniquely by different librettists and composers. The musical characteristics of the two composers are compared through the analysis of the musical structures, plots, and main characters of the two operas as well as the melody, harmony, rhythm, and tempo in the duet finales.
In terms of structure, Massenet's Manon consists of five acts, and Puccini's Manon Lescaut consists of four. They share a common scene and plot in the first act; however, Massenet's second, third, and fourth act differ from Puccini's second and third act in time featured and backgrounds. In Massenet's duet finale of tragic ending, melody places emphasis on the text; Massenet uses parlando style well-suited to the French language, and short motifs for the speech-like expressions; the accompaniment describes the scene and the emotions. However, in Puccini's, vocal melody places more emphasis on the music; the phrases in the melody tend to be long; the vocal melody is often included in the accompaniment. Puccini also uses rich harmony, wide in range, in order to dramatize the emotions, thus creating more dramatic tension than Massenet in his work.
Therefore, by examining the two operas based on the same novel, but recreated by different librettists and composers, the contrasting qualities of the historical background and the musical idioms of the nineteenth-century France and Italy are portrayed and brought out.Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 3
A. 19세기 프랑스 오페라와 이탈리아 오페라 = 3
B. J. Massenet 와 G. Puccini의 음악 = 12
Ⅲ. J. Massenet 의 오페라 「마농」과 G. Puccini 의 오페라 「마농 레스코」 에 관한 연구 = 23
A. 작품 개요 및 줄거리 = 23
B. 오페라 구성 = 33
C. 소설 “마농 레스코와 기사 데 그리외의 이야기” 와 비교 = 36
Ⅳ. 피날레 이중창을 통한 두 작품의 비교 = 44
A. 마스네「마농」과 푸치니「마농 레스코」의 이중창 분석 = 44
B. 이중창 비교 = 88
Ⅴ. 결론 = 90
참고문헌 = 93
ABSTRACT = 9
« Dans le métro, on n’est pas lesbiennes ». Rendre compte des violences lesbophobes dans les transports par un documentaire : Visibles
No full textDans le documentaire Visibles, coréalisé en 2022 par Manon Marguerit et Félix Cardoso, huit couples de lesbiennes évoquent les violences qu’elles subissent dans les transports en commun franciliens. Dans son article, l’autrice revient sur les conditions de production du documentaire et sur les choix de mise en scène. Ces éléments apportent un éclairage nouveau sur la façon dont les transports en commun intensifient les violences lesbophobes. Par des entretiens et des itinéraires filmés, les transports sont donnés à voir comme des espaces d’enfermement qui favorisent les « stigmatisations verbales » à l’égard des lesbiennes. Ils apparaissent également comme un espace où se déploie leur agentivité : les couples produisent une performance de visibilité que le documentaire restitue dans le contexte d’une mise en scène autour de la notion d’autonomisation.In the documentary Visibles, co-directed in 2022 by Manon Marguerit and Félix Cardoso, eight lesbian couples talk about the violence they experience in public transport in the Paris region. In her paper, the author, looks back at the documentary’s production conditions and directorial choices. Those elements shed a new light on the way public transport intensifies lesbophobic violence. Through interviews and filmed itineraries, transport is depicted as a closed-in space that reinforces « verbal stigmatization » towards Lesbians. They also appear as a space where their agentivity is deployed. The documentary portrays the couples’s performance of visibility in a setting based on the notion of empowerment.En el documental Visibles, codirigido en 2022 por Manon Marguerit y Félix Cardoso, ocho parejas de lesbianas hablan de la violencia que viven en el transporte público de la región de Isla de Francia. En su artículo, la autora analiza las condiciones de producción del documental y las elecciones de puesta en escena. Estos elementos arrojan nueva luz sobre la forma en que el transporte público intensifica la violencia lesbofóbica. A través de entrevistas e itinerarios filmados, los transportes se muestran como espacios de encierro que promueven la « estigmatización verbal » contra las lesbianas. También aparecen como un espacio donde se despliega su agentividad : las parejas producen un espectáculo de visibilidad que el documental restituye en el contexto de una puesta en escena en torno a la noción de autonomización
A Framework for Indoor Localization Using the Magnetic Field
No full textIn this work, our focus is on indoor localization using the indoor magnetic field as a source of position information. This relies on the fact that ferromagnetic materials inside buildings cause the magnetic field to vary spatially. We jointly estimate the pose of a combined sensor module (containing a magnetometer) as well as the magnetic field map. We show that our previously developed algorithm for magnetic field-based simultaneous localization and mapping can be adapted and extended into a general framework where a multitude of measurements can be included. We exemplify this using a foot-mounted inertial measurement unit where we additionally assume the availability of range measurements.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Manon Ko
100 Questions About Women and Politics
No full textBook review by Erin Tolley of 100 Questions About Women and Politics, author Manon Tremblay
The Black Londoner Experience: Exploring Black Life through Records of the Court, 1720-1840
No full textBlack Londoners have lived in the city for centuries. This collection brings 10 Black London lives together in an accessible volume to share the diversity of their experiences in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries with new readers.
Drawing on the records of the Old Bailey criminal courthouse, these ten carefully selected trials have been chosen to show some of the breadth of Black experience in London during the age of enslavement (c. 1720-1840). The volume includes Black victims, witnesses, and defendants; men, women, and children; sailors, servants, and entertainers; locals, immigrants, and visitors. Some were treated well by the justice system, and others were met with cruelty. Each had their own experience.
While the volume contains details of crime and conflict, crime is not the sole focus. The sources also give us glimpses into the daily lives of these Black individuals as they interacted with the city and its inhabitants. We learn where these Black people spent their time, with whom, doing what, and sometimes even what they had in their pockets.
Each of the ten cases has been accessibly formatted for classroom use or personal study, and features illustrations by Manon Wright. The sources are arranged like plays, making them easy to read aloud as a means of better understanding the theatre of the courtroom and the power dynamics at play. Dr Crymble offers notes and reflections on tricky or foreign concepts in each case, as well as issues that he has noted through experience that students often misinterpret by making modern assumptions about the past.
John Humphreys, 1727
John Cross, 1749
Elizabeth Gift, 1755
Esther Allingham, 1782
John Thomas, 1786
James Wallis, 1801
Dolby Jackson, 1808
Thomas Johnson, 1818
'The Busker' 1831
Louis James Grant, 1840
For serious scholars of Black experience in 18th/19th century London criminal records, the author also recommends the following works:
Tim Hitchcock, Robert Shoemaker, Clive Emsley, Sharon Howard, Jamie McLaughlin, et al, the Old Bailey Proceedings Online, 1674-1913 (www.oldbaileyonline.org, version 8, 2018.
Adam Crymble and Emma Azid, 'Black Lives, British Justice: Black People in London Criminal Justice Records, 1720-1841' Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation vol. 2, no 2. (2021): 1-11.
Kathleen Chater. Untold Histories: Black People in England and Wales during the Period of the British Slave Trade, c. 1660-1807 (Manchester, 2011).
Norma Myers, Reconstructing the Black Past (Frank Cass, 1996).
Marika Sherwood. ‘Blacks in the Gordon Riots’, History Today, vol. 47 (1997), 24-28
Magnetic field norm SLAM using Gaussian process regression in foot-mounted sensors
No full textWe propose an application of magnetic field norm simultaneous localisation and mapping to measurements from a foot-mounted sensor for pedestrian navigation. The algorithm is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first three dimensional drift-compensating indoor navigation method using only accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer measurements that does not rely on assumptions about the spatial structure of the indoor environment. We use a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to simultaneously and recursively estimate the magnetic field norm map using reduced rank Gaussian process regression, and the position and orientation of the sensor. Our experiments demonstrate that our algorithm results in a drift-free position estimate using measurements collected from a foot-mounted sensor while walking around inside a hallway.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Manon Ko
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