1,720,964 research outputs found
Placing Progress: Contextual Inequality and Immigrant Incorporation in the United States
No full textThis study contributes to the growing body of research on immigrant economic incorporation by considering the relative wages of immigrants, the adult children of immigrants, and the US-born of US parentage. By 1) disaggregating these three groups racially, 2) comparing entire wage distributions, and 3) comparing the immigrant cities of New York and Los Angeles with the US overall, this study provides perspective on the complicated contexts of intergenerational immigrant progress. In addition to comparing groups relative positions in 1990 and 2000, this paper decomposes relative wages such that educational composition differences between groups can be isolated from residual wage inequality. This research is of interest because consideration of the US-born or educated children of immigrants invokes questions of social mobility and the persistence of ethnic inequality more generally. Further, this paper contributes to a theoretical debate over place and immigrant progress by examining the second generation, for whom residence in immigrant cities is often theorized as detrimental to economic incorporation. Finally, this paper introduces substantial analysis of local wage structures to questions of intergenerational immigrant economic progress to a much greater extent than has previously been the case. Results suggest that prospects for immigrants economic incorporation are geographically specific and should be assessed across multiple generations as a result of the continuing contexts of racial wage inequality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispersion or concentration for the 1.5 generation? Destination choices of the children of immigrants in the US
No full textThis paper examines the determinants of intermetropolitan destination choice between 1995 and 2000 for foreign-born and 1.5 generation adult children of immigrants in the US. In addition to distance and labour-force variables, metro-level measures of immigrant–native wage inequality and immigrant concentration are considered. A competing-destinations accessibility parameter is included in order to assess the spatial structure of destination choice. Although assimilation theories, especially in their spatial assimilation variant, might suggest that intergenerational social mobility should be connected with spatial dispersion, these models reveal the continuing importance of metro- and regional-scale immigrant concentration for the children of immigrants. When the destination concentration variable is added to reduced-form models, the positive effect of employment growth declines significantly, indicating that ethnic concentration may continue to be more important for the children of immigrants than more simply framed economic conditions. A comparative origin–destination immigrant–native wage gap measure is also a strongly positive determinant of destination choice, indicating the importance of relative wages in destination choice. Furthermore, the increased model strength and parameter estimates associated with immigrant concentration and a concentration-weighted accessibility measure suggest that the spatial structure of destination choice has much to do with immigrant concentration at multiple scales – from metro areas to immigrant states and regions. The paper thus suggests more attention to theorising the geographical contexts within which intergenerational immigrant incorporation occurs
Emerging contexts of second-generation labour markets in the United States
No full textIn this paper I examine how local labour market contexts matter for the Hispanic adult children of immigrants in the United States. Specifically, I consider how these workers fit into ethnic divisions of labour in five metropolitan areas: the traditional immigrant cities of Los Angeles, New York and Chicago, and the newer immigrant gateways of Atlanta and Phoenix. I focus on the changing economies of these cities in the 1990s, and how industrial changes affect the jobs and relative wages available to immigrants and their adult children. I also examine the extent to which the adult children of immigrants are occupationally clustered in ‘immigrant jobs’. Intergenerational occupational shifts vary by metropolitan area, but are heavily gendered across all of them. I also discuss the interactions of other scales of context, since state and national-level legislation, local organising efforts and internal migration all shape the settings within which the children of immigrants come of ag
A review of <i>The Political Origins of Inequality: Why a More Equal World is Better for Us All</i> By Simon Reid-Henry
No full textEmerging contexts of second-generation labour markets in the United States
No full textIn this paper I examine how local labour market contexts matter for the Hispanic adult children of immigrants in the United States. Specifically, I consider how these workers fit into ethnic divisions of labour in five metropolitan areas: the traditional immigrant cities of Los Angeles, New York and Chicago, and the newer immigrant gateways of Atlanta and Phoenix. I focus on the changing economies of these cities in the 1990s, and how industrial changes affect the jobs and relative wages available to immigrants and their adult children. I also examine the extent to which the adult children of immigrants are occupationally clustered in ‘immigrant jobs’. Intergenerational occupational shifts vary by metropolitan area, but are heavily gendered across all of them. I also discuss the interactions of other scales of context, since state and national-level legislation, local organising efforts and internal migration all shape the settings within which the children of immigrants come of ag
Placing progress: contextual inequality and immigrant incorporation in New York and Los Angeles
No full textThis study contributes to the growing body of research on immigrant economic incorporation by considering the relative wages of immigrants, the adult children of immigrants, and the US-born of US parentage. By 1) disaggregating these three groups racially, 2) comparing entire wage distributions, and 3) comparing the immigrant cities of New York and Los Angeles with the US overall, this study provides perspective on the complicated contexts of intergenerational immigrant progress. In addition to comparing groups relative positions in 1990 and 2000, this paper decomposes relative wages such that educational composition differences between groups can be isolated from residual wage inequality. This research is of interest because consideration of the US-born or educated children of immigrants invokes questions of social mobility and the persistence of ethnic inequality more generally. Further, this paper contributes to a theoretical debate over place and immigrant progress by examining the second generation, for whom residence in immigrant cities is often theorized as detrimental to economic incorporation. Finally, this paper introduces substantial analysis of local wage structures to questions of intergenerational immigrant economic progress to a much greater extent than has previously been the case. Results suggest that prospects for immigrants economic incorporation are geographically specific and should be assessed across multiple generations as a result of the continuing contexts of racial wage inequality
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