104,713 research outputs found
Blockchain of custody, BoC
No full textEnsuring continuity of evidence in any investigation is problematic, even more so when multiple agencies are involved. Ensuring there is consistency between paperwork concerning the seizure of artefacts is difficult, and can often be scrutinized in court. The development of this prototype blockchain is for the recording of the transfer of evidence during an investigation, with the aim of providing a guarantee for the continuity of evidence. The implementation of the blockchain is completed using Hyperledger and is referred to in this paper as Blockchain of Custody, or BoC. To test BoC two simple mock investigations are carried out and then evaluated. The evaluation includes querying the evidence, access control, development, security, and auditing. The implementation of BoC is considered a success and the future improvements, disadvantages and advantages are discussed
Wireless Networks Cyber Security Threats and Countermeasures
No full textIn recent years, wireless network communication has become the fundamental basis of our work, leisure, and communication life from the early GSM mobile phones to the Internet of Things and Internet of Everything communications. All wireless communications technologies such as Bluetooth, NFC, wireless sensors, wireless LANs, ZigBee, GSM, and others have their own challenges and security threats.
This book addresses some of these challenges, focusing on the implications, impact, and mitigations of the stated issues. The book provides a comprehensive coverage of not only the technical and ethical issues presented by the use of wireless networks but also the adversarial application of wireless networks and its associated implications. The authors recommend a number of novel approaches to assist in better detecting, thwarting, and addressing wireless challenges and threats. The book also looks ahead and forecasts what attacks can be carried out in the future through the malicious use of the wireless networks if sufficient defenses are not implemented. The research contained in the book fits well into the larger body of work on various aspects of wireless networks and cyber-security.
The book provides a valuable reference for cyber-security experts, practitioners, and network security professionals, particularly those interested in the security of the various wireless networks. It is also aimed at researchers seeking to obtain a more profound knowledge in various types of wireless networks in the context of cyber-security, wireless networks, and cybercrime. Furthermore, the book is an exceptional advanced text for Ph.D. and master’s degree programs in cyber-security, network security, cyber-terrorism, and computer science who are investigating or evaluating a security of a specific wireless network. Each chapter is written by an internationally-renowned expert who has extensive experience in law enforcement, industry, or academia. Furthermore, this book blends advanced research findings with practice-based methods to provide the reader with advanced understanding and relevant skills
Behavioural Analytics:A Preventative Means for the Future of Policing
Get PDFWithout sufficient intelligence, police response to crimes occurs in the form a reactive retort. This is even more so in the case of cyberspace policing, as digital platforms increase the complexities involved in the overall police incident response development. In this paper, we briefly introduce cybercrime and the necessities that police forces have to deal with. We argue that there is an urgent need for development and adoption of proactive and preventive techniques to identify and curb cyber and cyber-enabled crimes. We then present topic modelling as one of effective preventive techniques for predicting behaviours that can potentially be linked to cybercrime activities on social media
Improving Public Administration Performance through Electronic Government Applications
No full textElectronic Government applications have been the focus of hundreds of local and national government administrations all over the world during the past decade. The emphasis of most of these applications lies in their effort to improve the experience of the user in interacting with public administration services and to minimise waiting times in completing transactions public services and citizens. Early applications were relying mainly on the speed and simplicity of submitting a request by the user while most of the work beyond the web based interaction was carried out as in the era before the introduction of the web based applications. The benefits from such endeavours have been short lived as citizens are looking for real enhancements in they way public administration serves their needs and responds to their requests. The authors argue that for e-government applications to succeed changes would have to be effected in the way public administration organizes itself and how it utilizes information management systems to respond to user / citizen requirements including and addressing the goals of all stakeholders involved. Currently the number of successful applications to that end is quite low when compared to the projects implemented so far. The authors propose steps that would maintain the focus of future implementations in doing so
User dynamics in graphical authentication systems
No full textIn this paper, a graphical authentication system is presented which is based on a matching scheme. The user is required to match up thumbnail graphical images that belong to a variety of categories – in an order based approach. The number of images in the selection panel was varied to determine how this effects memorability. In addition, timing information was included as a means of enhancing the security level of the system. That is, the user’s mouse clicks were timed and used as part of the authentication process. This is one of the few studies that employ a proper biometric facility, namely mouse dynamics, into a graphical authentication system. Lastly, this study employees the use of the 2-D version of Fitts’ law, the Accot-Zhai streering law, which is used to examine the effect of image size on usability. The results from this study indicate that the combination of biometrics (mouse timing information) into a graphical authentication scheme produces FAR/FRR values that approach textual based authentication schemes
A survey of user authentication based on mouse dynamics
No full textThis work surveys biometric based authentication systems that deploy mouse movements. Typically, timing and movement direction, along with clicking actions are used to build a profile of a user, which is then used for authentication purposes. Most system relies on a continuous monitoring process, or require the user to interact with a program (such as a game) in order to derive sufficient statistical information regarding their mouse dynamics. In this work, a novel graphical authentication system dubbed Mouse-lock is presented. This system deploys the analogy of a safe, and the password is entered via the mouse in a graphical equivalent of combination lock. The question is whether this approach elicits sufficient discriminatory information from a relatively minimalist degree of interaction from the user. The preliminary results from a study with six subjects indicates, based on FAR/FRR values, that this is a viable approach
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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