1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Outil de classification automatique des sondes optiques pour comprendre les mécanismes des nuages de glace
No full textThe objective of the thesis is to identify the ice growth processes occurring in clouds by using morphological data provided by the shapes of the ice particles and crystals. To accomplish this task, classification tools were developed during this thesis using innovative machine learning on 2D images from two fast imaging probes routinely mounted onboard research aircraft: the 2DS and PIP probes. This set of tools, namely convolutional neural networks (CNN) developed for both imaging probes, was evaluated and used to analyze data gathered during the ICE GENESIS Swiss Jura campaign. First, ice particle morphological and microphysical properties were extracted from the whole data. Then, the extraction of cloud properties allowed to study microphysical processes and cloud structures. Other measurements made onboard the ATR-42 during the campaign were used, notably reflectivity and MDV from the vertically pointing w-band radar RASTA, total water content from the CVI-Snow, supercooled droplets observations from the CDP-2, and humidity measurements from the WVSS-2 hygrometer. The potential of the classification tools was thereby explored, and significant contributions were achieved within the ICE GENESIS project. Microphysical interpretation of morphological data was proposed for a significant part of the ICE GENESIS data set. In addition, a conceptual scheme was developed combining the knowledge from the literature, new intuitions, and the theory of dissipative structures in order to study consumption of water vapor and precipitation formation in deep stratiform ice clouds using quantitative morphological information. This framework was mainly developed with the overall goal, to extract information from observed in situ observations, beyond a state of the art extraction of microphysical properties (crystal number and mass size distributions, without morphological distinction). The realism of the framework was confronted to an exceptional case study from the ICE GENESIS campaign, observed on the 30th of January 2021.L'objectif de la thèse est l'identification des processus de croissance de la glace dans les nuages en utilisant l'information morphologique extraite de la forme des particules de glaces. Pour réaliser cette tâche, des outils de classification ont été développés durant la thèse en utilisant une technique innovante d'apprentissage automatique sur des images de sondes à acquisition rapide (2DS et PIP), communément utilisée à bord des avions de recherche. Ces réseaux de neurones à convolution, développés pour chacune des sondes, ont été évalués et utilisés pour analyser les données récoltées durant la campagne ICE GENESIS. Tout d'abord, la morphologie et les propriétés microphysiques ont été extraites sur l'ensemble de ces données. Puis, l'étude des processus microphysiques et des structures nuageuses ont été réalisés avec ces outils. D'autres mesures effectuées à bord de l'ATR-42 durant la campagne ont été utilisées, notamment la réflectivité et la vitesse Doppler moyenne mesurées grâce au radar RASTA, la présence de gouttelettes surfondues grâce à la sonde CDP-2, et l'humidité via l'hygromètre WVSS-2. Le potentiel des algorithmes de classification a pu ainsi être exploré, et des contributions remarquables ont pu être apportées dans le cadre du projet ICE GENESIS. Une large part des données obtenues durant cette campagne ont pu être interprétées, d'un point de vue de la microphysique du nuageuse. Un schéma conceptuel rassemblant les connaissances existantes dans la littérature, des intuitions nouvelles, et la théories des structures dissipatives, a été proposé afin de formaliser ces interprétations et d'approfondir l'étude de la consommation de la vapeur d'eau et la formation des précipitations au sein des nuages observés. Le réalisme de ce schéma conceptuel a finalement été confronté à un cas d'étude exceptionnel de la campagne ICE GENESIS, observé le 30 Janvier 2021
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Outil de classification automatique des sondes optiques pour comprendre les mécanismes des nuages de glace
No full textL'objectif de la thèse est l'identification des processus de croissance de la glace dans les nuages en utilisant l'information morphologique extraite de la forme des particules de glaces. Pour réaliser cette tâche, des outils de classification ont été développés durant la thèse en utilisant une technique innovante d'apprentissage automatique sur des images de sondes à acquisition rapide (2DS et PIP), communément utilisée à bord des avions de recherche. Ces réseaux de neurones à convolution, développés pour chacune des sondes, ont été évalués et utilisés pour analyser les données récoltées durant la campagne ICE GENESIS. Tout d'abord, la morphologie et les propriétés microphysiques ont été extraites sur l'ensemble de ces données. Puis, l'étude des processus microphysiques et des structures nuageuses ont été réalisés avec ces outils. D'autres mesures effectuées à bord de l'ATR-42 durant la campagne ont été utilisées, notamment la réflectivité et la vitesse Doppler moyenne mesurées grâce au radar RASTA, la présence de gouttelettes surfondues grâce à la sonde CDP-2, et l'humidité via l'hygromètre WVSS-2. Le potentiel des algorithmes de classification a pu ainsi être exploré, et des contributions remarquables ont pu être apportées dans le cadre du projet ICE GENESIS. Une large part des données obtenues durant cette campagne ont pu être interprétées, d'un point de vue de la microphysique du nuageuse. Un schéma conceptuel rassemblant les connaissances existantes dans la littérature, des intuitions nouvelles, et la théories des structures dissipatives, a été proposé afin de formaliser ces interprétations et d'approfondir l'étude de la consommation de la vapeur d'eau et la formation des précipitations au sein des nuages observés. Le réalisme de ce schéma conceptuel a finalement été confronté à un cas d'étude exceptionnel de la campagne ICE GENESIS, observé le 30 Janvier 2021.The objective of the thesis is to identify the ice growth processes occurring in clouds by using morphological data provided by the shapes of the ice particles and crystals. To accomplish this task, classification tools were developed during this thesis using innovative machine learning on 2D images from two fast imaging probes routinely mounted onboard research aircraft: the 2DS and PIP probes. This set of tools, namely convolutional neural networks (CNN) developed for both imaging probes, was evaluated and used to analyze data gathered during the ICE GENESIS Swiss Jura campaign. First, ice particle morphological and microphysical properties were extracted from the whole data. Then, the extraction of cloud properties allowed to study microphysical processes and cloud structures. Other measurements made onboard the ATR-42 during the campaign were used, notably reflectivity and MDV from the vertically pointing w-band radar RASTA, total water content from the CVI-Snow, supercooled droplets observations from the CDP-2, and humidity measurements from the WVSS-2 hygrometer. The potential of the classification tools was thereby explored, and significant contributions were achieved within the ICE GENESIS project. Microphysical interpretation of morphological data was proposed for a significant part of the ICE GENESIS data set. In addition, a conceptual scheme was developed combining the knowledge from the literature, new intuitions, and the theory of dissipative structures in order to study consumption of water vapor and precipitation formation in deep stratiform ice clouds using quantitative morphological information. This framework was mainly developed with the overall goal, to extract information from observed in situ observations, beyond a state of the art extraction of microphysical properties (crystal number and mass size distributions, without morphological distinction). The realism of the framework was confronted to an exceptional case study from the ICE GENESIS campaign, observed on the 30th of January 2021
Outil de classification automatique des sondes optiques pour comprendre les mécanismes des nuages de glace
No full textThe objective of the thesis is to identify the ice growth processes occurring in clouds by using morphological data provided by the shapes of the ice particles and crystals. To accomplish this task, classification tools were developed during this thesis using innovative machine learning on 2D images from two fast imaging probes routinely mounted onboard research aircraft: the 2DS and PIP probes. This set of tools, namely convolutional neural networks (CNN) developed for both imaging probes, was evaluated and used to analyze data gathered during the ICE GENESIS Swiss Jura campaign. First, ice particle morphological and microphysical properties were extracted from the whole data. Then, the extraction of cloud properties allowed to study microphysical processes and cloud structures. Other measurements made onboard the ATR-42 during the campaign were used, notably reflectivity and MDV from the vertically pointing w-band radar RASTA, total water content from the CVI-Snow, supercooled droplets observations from the CDP-2, and humidity measurements from the WVSS-2 hygrometer. The potential of the classification tools was thereby explored, and significant contributions were achieved within the ICE GENESIS project. Microphysical interpretation of morphological data was proposed for a significant part of the ICE GENESIS data set. In addition, a conceptual scheme was developed combining the knowledge from the literature, new intuitions, and the theory of dissipative structures in order to study consumption of water vapor and precipitation formation in deep stratiform ice clouds using quantitative morphological information. This framework was mainly developed with the overall goal, to extract information from observed in situ observations, beyond a state of the art extraction of microphysical properties (crystal number and mass size distributions, without morphological distinction). The realism of the framework was confronted to an exceptional case study from the ICE GENESIS campaign, observed on the 30th of January 2021.L'objectif de la thèse est l'identification des processus de croissance de la glace dans les nuages en utilisant l'information morphologique extraite de la forme des particules de glaces. Pour réaliser cette tâche, des outils de classification ont été développés durant la thèse en utilisant une technique innovante d'apprentissage automatique sur des images de sondes à acquisition rapide (2DS et PIP), communément utilisée à bord des avions de recherche. Ces réseaux de neurones à convolution, développés pour chacune des sondes, ont été évalués et utilisés pour analyser les données récoltées durant la campagne ICE GENESIS. Tout d'abord, la morphologie et les propriétés microphysiques ont été extraites sur l'ensemble de ces données. Puis, l'étude des processus microphysiques et des structures nuageuses ont été réalisés avec ces outils. D'autres mesures effectuées à bord de l'ATR-42 durant la campagne ont été utilisées, notamment la réflectivité et la vitesse Doppler moyenne mesurées grâce au radar RASTA, la présence de gouttelettes surfondues grâce à la sonde CDP-2, et l'humidité via l'hygromètre WVSS-2. Le potentiel des algorithmes de classification a pu ainsi être exploré, et des contributions remarquables ont pu être apportées dans le cadre du projet ICE GENESIS. Une large part des données obtenues durant cette campagne ont pu être interprétées, d'un point de vue de la microphysique du nuageuse. Un schéma conceptuel rassemblant les connaissances existantes dans la littérature, des intuitions nouvelles, et la théories des structures dissipatives, a été proposé afin de formaliser ces interprétations et d'approfondir l'étude de la consommation de la vapeur d'eau et la formation des précipitations au sein des nuages observés. Le réalisme de ce schéma conceptuel a finalement été confronté à un cas d'étude exceptionnel de la campagne ICE GENESIS, observé le 30 Janvier 2021
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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