55 research outputs found

    NovoPen Echo® insulin delivery device

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    Jacob Hyllested-Winge,1 Thomas Sparre,2 Line Kynemund Pedersen2 1Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd, Tokyo, Japan; 2Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark Abstract: The introduction of insulin pen devices has provided easier, well-tolerated, and more convenient treatment regimens for patients with diabetes mellitus. When compared with vial and syringe regimens, insulin pens offer a greater clinical efficacy, improved quality of life, and increased dosing accuracy, particularly at low doses. The portable and discreet nature of pen devices reduces the burden on the patient, facilitates adherence, and subsequently contributes to the improvement in glycemic control. NovoPen Echo® is one of the latest members of the NovoPen® family that has been specifically designed for the pediatric population and is the first to combine half-unit increment (=0.5 U of insulin) dosing with a simple memory function. The half-unit increment dosing amendments and accurate injection of 0.5 U of insulin are particularly beneficial for children (and insulin-sensitive adults/elders), who often require small insulin doses. The memory function can be used to record the time and amount of the last dose, reducing the fear of double dosing or missing a dose. The memory function also provides parents with extra confidence and security that their child is taking insulin at the correct doses and times. NovoPen Echo is a lightweight, durable insulin delivery pen; it is available in two different colors, which may help to distinguish between different types of insulin, providing more confidence for both users and caregivers. Studies have demonstrated a high level of patient satisfaction, with 80% of users preferring NovoPen Echo to other pediatric insulin pens. Keywords: NovoPen Echo®, memory function, half-unit increment dosing, adherence, children, adolescents&nbsp

    Insulin Degludec in Clinical Practice: A Review of Japanese Real-World Data

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    Article full text The full text of this article can be found here. Provide enhanced digital features for this article If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional enhanced digital features for your article then please contact [email protected]. The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content. Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to: • Slide decks • Videos and animations • Audio abstracts • Audio slides</p

    Topographic and zonal distribution of tenascin in human articular cartilage from femoral heads: normal versus mild and severe osteoarthritis

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    AbstractObjective: The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin (TN) is upregulated in articular cartilage with severe osteoarthritis (OA). This study gives a detailed description of TN expression in areas of articular cartilage from femoral heads with mild OA showing structural lesions and in structurally normal areas of the same femoral heads compared with normal cartilage and cartilage with severe OA.Methods: Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed on cryosections stained with antibodies against TN. Sections were selected as follows: from each macroscopically normal femoral head (n=6) a normal central and peripheral biopsy; from each femoral head with macroscopically mild OA (n=8) a central biopsy that showed structural lesions and a peripheral normal biopsy; from each femoral head with severe OA (n=9) a central and a peripheral biopsy with structural lesions. Central biopsies represent load bearing areas, whereas peripheral biopsies are non-load bearing.Results: Central cartilage with mild OA contains significantly higher levels of TN in the superficial zone than structurally normal, peripheral cartilage from the same femoral heads. Normal cartilage and cartilage with severe OA do not display this topographic variation. Central cartilage with mild OA shows significantly higher levels of TN than normal, central cartilage. Peripheral, normal cartilage with mild OA shows significantly less TN than peripheral cartilage with severe OA.Conclusions: In femoral heads with mild OA, TN is accumulated in areas displaying structural damage. This proposes mild OA to be a localized disorder. Extreme caution is necessary for sampling of articular cartilage, especially from joints with mild OA

    Phenylalanine Hydroxylase RNAi Knockdown Negatively Affects Larval Development, Molting and Swimming Performance of Salmon Lice

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    Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is a crucial enzyme involved in tyrosine biosynthesis, having roles in neurological and physiological processes. The purpose of PAH has received little attention in crustaceans despite extensive investigations in other arthropods. Here, we characterize the PAH gene for the first time in the parasite Lepeophtheirus salmonis, a copepod that is responsible for huge economic losses in salmonid fish farming. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses confirmed that LsPAH is closely related to the metazoan PAH with conserved ACT regulatory and catalytic domains. Temporal expression patterns revealed that LsPAH is expressed throughout all developmental stages peaking during the copepodite stages, suggesting an essential role in developmental physiology. We used RNAi to knockdown LsPAH expression in the nauplius I stage to study developmental function during the larval stages. PAH knockdown impaired larval development, molting and swimming ability with severe morphological defects. This study provides insight into the role of PAH in copepods and demonstrates the importance of this metabolic gene in salmon louse growth and development.publishedVersionCopyright © 2020 Guragain, Sporsheim, Skjesol, Båtnes, Olsen, Bones and Winge. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
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