8 research outputs found
Modèles de dépendance spatiale pour la gestion financière des inondations avec applications au Canada
No full textLes enjeux liés aux risques d’inondations suscitent une préoccupation croissante à l’échelle mondiale, y compris au Canada où les inondations sont de plus en plus fréquentes et entraînent des coûts en constante augmentation en raison des changements climatiques, de la croissance de la population et du développement dans les zones à haut risque. De ce fait, le risque d’inondation a le potentiel de représenter un risque systémique pour l’industrie de l’assurance, car les coûts associés à ces événements peuvent atteindre des niveaux extrêmement élevés, ce qui peut avoir des répercussions sur la profitabilité des assureurs. Dans ce contexte, ce mémoire a pour objectif général de développer des modèles de dépendance spatiale pour améliorer la gestion financière des inondations et d’examiner les implications pour l’industrie de l’assurance et le partage des risques au Canada. Pour atteindre cet objectif, différentes approches ont été introduites pour modéliser la dépendance spatiale dans les occurrences d’inondations, notamment en utilisant les copules pour introduire une dépendance spatiale basée sur la structure des bassins versants au Canada. Par la suite, une évaluation du potentiel de diversification a été réalisée dans divers portefeuilles en fonction des modèles de dépendance afin de mieux comprendre les stratégies de gestion des risques. Enfin, le risque de défaillance d’un fonds d’assurance est analysé ainsi que son influence sur le partage des risques financiers au Canada. Cette analyse permettra de mieux comprendre les mesures préventives et les mécanismes de gestion et de partage des risques afin d’assurer une saine gestion financière du risque d’inondation
Economic Exposure of Canadian Residential Properties to Flooding
No full textABSTRACT Flood risk management (FRM) involves planning proactively for flooding in high‐risk areas to reduce its impacts on people and property. A key challenge for governments pursuing FRM is to pinpoint assets that are highly economically exposed and vulnerable to flood hazards in order to prioritize them in policy and planning. This paper presents a novel flood risk assessment, making use of a dataset that identifies the location, dwelling type, property characteristics, and potential economic losses of Canadian residential properties. The findings reveal that the average annual costs are $1.4B, but most of the risks are concentrated in high‐risk areas. Data gaps are uncovered that justify replication through local validation studies. The results provide a novel evidence base for specific reforms in Canada's approach to FRM, with a focus on insurance that improves both implementation and effectiveness
Economic Exposure of Canadian Residential Properties to Flooding
No full textFlood risk management (FRM) involves planning proactively for flooding in high-risk areas to reduce its impacts on people and property. A key challenge for governments pursuing FRM is to pinpoint assets that are highly economically exposed and vulnerable to flood hazards in order to prioritize them in policy and planning. This paper presents a novel flood risk assessment making use of a dataset that identifies the location, dwelling type, property characteristics, and potential economic losses of Canadian residential properties. The findings reveal that the average annual costs are $1.4B, but most of the risk is concentrated in high-risk areas. Data gaps are uncovered that justify replication through local validation studies. The results provide a novel evidence base for specific reforms in Canada’s approach to FRM with a focus on insurance that improve both implementation and effectiveness
Summary of Dissertation Recitals Three Programs of Saxophone Music
No full textIn fulfillment of my doctorate, I chose the following recitals in order to expand my scope as an artist within electronic music, chamber music, and popular forms of entertainment associated with the saxophone between 1911 and 1999. The first recital, Electroacoustic Music, outlines the development of electronic music in saxophone repertoire over the span of thirty years, representing some of the most commonly performed electroacoustic compositions written for the instrument. The second recital, Chamber Music, highlights the saxophone’s use within chamber music from the late 1920’s to the early 1980’s beyond its inclusion with the “traditional” saxophone quartet. The final recital, Modern Vaudeville, traces the saxophone’s involvement within popular musical forms at the turn of the twentieth century through the form of a “modern vaudeville show.”
Tuesday, November 17th, 2015, 8:00pm, Walgreen Drama Center Stamp Auditorium, The University of Michigan. David Schall, sound engineer. Evan Chamber, Rothko-Tobey Continuum; James Mobberley, Spontaneous Combustion; Karen Tanaka, Night Bird; Jacob ter Veldhuis, GRAB IT!; Pierre Boulez, Dialogue de l’ombre double.
Monday, February 22nd, 2016, 7:30pm, School of Music Hankinson Rehearsal Hall, The University of Michigan. Christina Adams, violin; Jason Paige, clarinet; Liz Ames, piano; Katelyn Hoag, viola; Benjamin Thauland, trumpet; Patterson McKinney, percussion; John Gruber, trombone; Merryl Monard, flute; Lucas Hopkins, saxophone; Chelsea Tinsler, percussion; Benjamin Willis, bass; Jeffrey Leung, prompter; Thomas Gamboa, conductor; Casey Voss, percussion; August Pappas, percussion. Paul Hindemith, Trio for Viola, Heckelphone, and Piano, op. 47; Anton Webern, Quartet, op. 22; Stefan Wolpe, Quartet; John Zorn, Cobra; Milton Babbitt, All Set.
Monday, March 28th, 2016, 8:00pm, School of Music McIntosh Theatre, The University of Michigan. Liz Ames, piano; Malcolm Tulip, MC; The Moanin’ Frogs, saxophone sextet; Phil Ogilvie’s Rhythm Kings, jazz band; Erin Morris’s Ragdolls, dancers; Rudy Wiedoeft, Saxophobia, Valse Sonia, Sax-O-Trix, Sax-O-Phun, Aileen; Frank Klickmann, Smiles and Chuckles; Edward Barroll, Laf N’ Sax; Ed Chenette, Parade of the Elephants; Duke Ellington, Jubilee Stomp; William Christopher Handy, St. Louis Blues; Fud Livingston, Sax Appeal; Ferdinand Joseph Morton, Jungle Blues; Harry Brooks, Jungle Jamboree; Chester Hazlett, Valse Inspiration; Irvin Woodberry Brooks, I’ve Got Someone; Riccardo Drigo, Serenade; Vittorio Monti, Czardas.Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA)Music: PerformanceUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133293/1/edwargoo_1.pd
Optimering inför insats : en idealtypsanalys av korvetten HMS Stockholm
No full textI och med Försvarsmaktens omställning till insatsförsvar med internationella åtaganden har sannolikheten för att marina förband ska nyttjas för väpnad strid ökat markant. Med detta följer ett än större behov av att kunna hantera sådana prövningar. I den här uppsatsen provas idealtypsanalys som metod att mäta korvetten HMS Stockholms effektivitet ur ett organisationsteoretiskt perspektiv. Idealtypen, referensfartyget ”HMS Excellence”, skapas genom att använda 7s modellen (Waterman et al.) för att åskåda organisationen och resultat från den Amerikanska studien ”Excellence in the Surface Navy” (Gullickson & Chenette) som indikatorer för effektivitet. Genom att presentera intervjudata från HMS Stockholm i samma dimensioner skapas ett underlag för analys. Resultaten från uppsatsen visar att HMS Stockholm är ett effektivt stridsfartyg med vissa organisatoriska brister vars orsak kan spåras till intensiteten i pågående insatsförberedelser. Vidare visar analysen att 7s modellen har potential att vara ett användbart verktyg för att optimera ett stridsfartygs organisation samt som en komponent i idealtypsanalys.Because of the Swedish Armed Forces reformation from an operational defense force to a rapid action force with international commitments the odds of naval units being involved in armed confrontation has distinctively increased. This leads to an even greater need for battle readiness. In this thesis ideal type analysis is tried as a method to assess the efficiency of the Swedish warship HMS Stockholm from an organization theoretical perspective. The ideal case, a reference war ship named HMS Excellence, is created by combining results from Gullickson & Chenettes study Excellence in the Surface Navy, with the 7s framework. HMS Stockholm is presented in the same manner combining interview data with the 7s framework. The difference between the ideal case and empirical case is used as a measurement of HMS Stockholm´s efficiency. The author concludes that HMS Stockholm is an effective organization with an occasional weakness in the systems dimension due to the intensity of deployment preparations. Also, the author argues for ideal type analysis, using the 7s framework, as a tool to optimize deployment preparations and the 7s framework as a tool to optimize war ship organizations
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EISCAT/CRRES observations: Nightside ionospheric ion outflow and oxygen-rich substorm injections
No full textWe present combined observations made near midnight by the EISCAT radar, all-sky cameras and the combined released and radiation efects satellite (CRRES) shortly before and during a substorm. In particular, we study a discrete, equatorward-drifting auroral arc, seen several degrees poleward of the onset region. The arc passes through the field-aligned beam of the EISCAT radar and is seen to be associated with a considerable upflow of ionospheric plasma. During the substorm, the CRRES satellite observed two major injections, 17 min apart, the second of which was dominated by O+ ions. We show that the observed are was in a suitable location in both latitude and MLT to have fed O+ ions into the second injection and that the upward flux of ions associated with it was sufficient to explain the observed injection. We interpret these data as showing that arcs in the nightside plasma-sheet boundary layer could be the source of O+ ions energised by a dipolarisation of the mid- and near-Earth tail, as opposed to ions ejected from the dayside ionosphere in the cleft ion fountain
Order-revealing encryption: new constructions and barriers
No full textOrder-revealing encryption (ORE) is a symmetric encryption scheme that gives a public procedure by which two ciphertexts can be compared to reveal the order of their underlying plaintexts. ORE is a very popular primitive for outsourcing databases and has seen deployments in products and usage in applied research, as it allows for efficiently performing range queries over encrypted data. However, a series of works, starting with Naveed emph{et al.} (CCS 2015), have shown that when the adversary has a good estimate of the distribution of the data, ORE provides little protection.
In this dissertation, we present our works on order-revealing encryption, which include novel security notions, new constructions, and barriers. First, we consider the best-possible security notion for ORE (ideal ORE), which means that, given the ciphertexts, emph{only} the order is revealed --- anything else, such as the distance between plaintexts, is hidden. Despite the fact that this notion provides the best security for ORE, the only known constructions of ideal ORE are based on cryptographic multilinear maps and are currently too impractical for real-world applications. In this work, we give evidence that building ideal ORE from weaker tools is hard. Essentially, we show black-box separations between ideal ORE and most symmetric-key primitives, as well as public-key encryption and anything else implied by generic group model in a black-box way. This result tells us that any construction of ORE must either (1) achieve weaker notions of security, (2) be based on more complicated cryptographic tools, or (3) require non-black-box techniques thus it suggests that any ORE achieving ideal security will likely be at least somewhat inefficient.
Then we propose a new meaningful security notion--- extit{parameter-hiding}. In our definition, we consider the case that the database entries are drawn identically and independently from the distribution of known shape, but for which the mean and variance are not (and thus the attacks of Naveed et al. do not apply). We say an ORE is parameter-hiding, if for any probabilistic and polynomial-time adversary, given any sequence (polynomial-size) of ciphertexts, the mean and variance of the message distribution are hidden. Based on this notion, we build the corresponding construction of ORE that satisfying it from a bi-linear map.
Next, we study a particular case of ORE, which is called order-preserving encryption. OPE schemes are the subset of ORE schemes for which the ciphertexts themselves are numerical values that can be compared naturally. For OPE, we study its ciphertext length under the security notion proposed by Chenette et al. for OPE (FSE 2016); their notion says that the comparison of two ciphertexts should only leak the index of the most significant bit on which they differ (MSDB-secure). In their work, they propose two constructions, both ORE and OPE; the ORE scheme has very short ciphertexts that only expand the plaintext by a factor approx 1.58, while the ciphertext-size of the OPE scheme expands the plaintext by a security-parameter factor. We give evidence that this gap between ORE and OPE is inherent, by proving that emph{any} OPE meeting the information-theoretic version of their security definition (for instance, in the random oracle model) must have the ciphertext length close to that of their constructions.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical reference
The role of anchorage in cell cycle control
No full textMammalian cells generally require both mitogens and anchorage signals in order to proliferate. Failure to receive these signals results in either cell-cycle
arrest or cell death, known as anoikis, due to activation of anchorage-dependent checkpoint mechanisms. Transformed cells alleviate these checkpoints, via activation of oncogenes and/or inactivation of tumour suppressors. In contrast, detachment of normal cells halts cell-cycle progression in G1, because of insufficient cyclin D1 induction to overcome the Rb/E2F checkpoint,
accumulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and lack of cyclin A production. Because of the complexity of anchorage-dependent mechanisms involved, several changes are required for cells to become anchorage independent: impairment of both Rb and p53 pathways, plus activation of Ras.
These specific defects are found in many human cancers, and anchorage independence correlates strongly with tumourigenic potential. Here I have used cells expressing SV40 LT, with and without oncogenic Ras, to model the
changes leading to anchorage independent proliferation. Importantly, cells expressing SV40 LT alone retain their anchorage dependence, despite Rb and p53 inactivation. However, the mechanism responsible for this cell-cycle arrest in suspension is not known. Using immunoprecipitation and kinase assays, I demonstrated that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 curbs cell-cycle
progression in these cells. FACS analysis showed that surprisingly, these cells do not undergo a robust checkpoint arrest, but instead stall throughout the cell
cycle, showing abnormal DNA replication. Further investigation by metaphase spread showed the accumulation of aneuploid nuclei, indicating the development of genomic instability. This resulted in a higher rate of
transformation among cells cultured without anchorage for a limited time. This work demonstrates that anchorage signals enable proper activation as well as assembly of cyclin-dependent kinase complexes, and that adhesion is
particularly important for maintaining orderly cell-cycle progression and preventing genomic instability in checkpoint-deficient cells
