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Returning of Ota B. Kraus to Czech Literature

Author: ŽIŽKA Vít
Publication venue
Publication date: 01/01/2021
Field of study

The diploma thesis deals with the prose of the Czech Jewish author Otto B. Kraus. The methodological part introduces the concept of the motif and the theme which helps with the understanding of important elements of the writer's work. The thesis then focuses on the life of Otto B. Kraus and the interpretation of the titles (Země bez Boha, Můj bratr dým, Vítr z hor, Vepři ve při, Obchodník se sny a jiné galilejské povídky, Cesta pouští). The motivic and thematic analysis aims to unfold the author's relationship with Czech literature of the second part of the twentieth century

National Repository of Grey Literature

Cophixalus albolineatus Kraus, 2012, sp. nov.

Author: Kraus Fred
Publication venue
Publication date: 31/12/2012
Field of study

Cophixalus albolineatus, sp. nov. Fig. 8 B, 11 Holotype. BPBM 18433 (field tag FK 8479), collected by F. Kraus at NW slope Mt. Shungol, 5.35 km NW of summit, 6.8188º S, 146.6933º E, 780 m, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea, 21 October 2003. Paratypes (n = 10). BPBM 18432, 18434–37, same data as holotype; BPBM 18429–30, NW slope Mt. Shungol, 5.6 km NW of summit, 6.8162º S, 146.6915º E, 750 m, 16 October; BPBM 18431, same data as 18429 except collected 20 October; BPBM 18438–39, same data as 18429 except collected 23 October. Referred specimens. BPBM 13445–49. Papua New Guinea: Morobe Province: Oomsis Forestry Camp, 6.6984º S, 146.8157º E, 500– 530 m. Diagnosis. A species characterized by its unique combination of small size (male SV = 16.8–20.5 mm, female SV = 20.1–21.0 mm); finger discs smaller than toe discs (3rdF/4thT = 0.65–0.77); first finger of reduced size, but still elongate and functional, lacking a flattened disc and terminal groove; leg relatively long (TL/SV = 0.53–0.61); snout short and broad (EN/IN = 0.71–0.91); skin smooth; face and postocular area black with a white line extending from snout tip, along canthus, and above eye, and another white line extending from behind eye, through tympanum, and down forearm; rear of thighs dark brown; and relatively slow peeping call with a dominant frequency of 1900–2000 Hz. Comparisons with other species. Cophixalus albolineatus differs from all other members of the genus in having a conspicuous white line extending from the eye down the forearm; it also differs from all other Papuan Cophixalus except for C. ateles, C. desticans, C. iovaorum, C. kethuk, C. pipilans, C. shellyi, and C. tomaiodactylus in the combination of having the finger discs smaller than the toe discs and having a reduced, though functional, first finger that lacks an expanded disc or terminal groove. Cophixalus bewaniensis, C. humicola, and C. tridactylus also have finger discs smaller than toe discs and a reduced first finger, but in those species the first finger is miniaturized to a non-functional nub easily distinguished from the elongate, functional finger of C. albolineatus. From C. ateles and C. tomaiodactylus, C. albolineatus further differs in having a black face and a smooth dorsum (vs. pustulose or with dorsolateral row of pustules). Cophixalus iovaorum and C. kethuk further differ from the new species in having an hourglass pattern dorsally, marked by black dorsolateral lines. Cophixalus iovaorum also differs in its smaller size (SV = 13.2–17.2 mm) and shorter leg (TL/SV = 0.41–0.49), and C. kethuk has webbing between the toes, which is lacking in C. albolineatus. From C. desticans, the new species further differs in its larger size (male SV = 13.1–16.2 mm in C. desticans) and smooth skin (with dorsal ridges in C. desticans). Cophixalus albolineatus further differs from C. pipilans in lacking a dark postorbital bar, lacking a black dorsolateral line, and having a slower call with a lower dominant frequency (4900–5300 Hz in C. pipilans); it further differs from C. shellyi in its longer leg (TL/SV = 0.44–0.53 in C. shellyi) and having a much slower call with a lower dominant frequency (ca. 5200 Hz in C. shellyi). Description of holotype. An adult female with small right-lateral incision. Head rather wide (HW/SV = 0.41), with vertical, slightly concave loreal region; canthus rounded, straight when viewed from above (Fig. 11 A); nostrils directed laterally, closer to tip of snout than to eyes; internarial distance larger than distance from naris to eye (EN/IN = 0.77, IN/SV = 0.127, EN/SV = 0.098); snout projecting when viewed from the side (Fig. 11 B), shallowly angulate when viewed from above; eyes of moderate size (EY/SV = 0.12); eyelid slightly more than half width of interorbital distance; tympanum fairly large (TY/SV = 0.078), with a distinct annulus. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces smooth; supratympanic fold absent. Fingers without webbing; relative lengths 3>4>2>1. First finger small, with rounded tip but no expanded disc or circum-marginal groove; expanded discs and circummarginal grooves on remaining fingers (Fig. 11 C); third finger disc approximately twice width of penultimate phalanx (3rdF/SV = 0.049). Subarticular and metacarpal tubercles low and poorly developed but distinct. Toes without webbing or fringes, bearing discs with terminal grooves; relative lengths 4>3>5>2>1 (Fig. 11 D). Toe discs larger than those of fingers (3rdF/4thT = 0.74); disc of fourth toe more than twice width of penultimate phalanx (4thT/SV = 0.066); disc of first toe slightly broader than penultimate phalanx. Subarticular tubercles poorly developed; inner metatarsal tubercle low and elongate, outer lacking. Hind legs long (TL/SV = 0.57). In preservative, dorsum medium brown with few dark-brown spots; sides pale straw yellow with reticulum of brown; face, lower jaw, and tympanum dark brown with a postocular pale straw-yellow stripe extending from behind eye, through tympanum, and down forearm, subtended on forearm by field of dark brown. Palmar and plantar surfaces dark brown. Ventral surfaces pale straw yellow flecked with brown, flecking denser anteriorly and sparser on abdomen and under legs. Rear of thighs brown flecked with dark brown. Iris black. Measurements (in mm). —SV = 20.4, TL = 11.7, HW = 8.3, HL = 7.5, IN = 2.6, EN = 2.0, SN = 3.1, EY = 2.5, TY = 1.6, 3rdF = 1.00, 4thT = 1.35. Variation. Females average slightly larger than males (Table 7), and there is some indication that females may have larger discs than males, but sample sizes are insufficient to be certain of this point. Otherwise, mensural variation among the type series is rather slight. Color pattern varies slightly: three juveniles and one adult have a narrow light-tan vertebral line; two adults have more extensive dark-brown mottling dorsally than do the remaining specimens, and they have a dark-brown, backward-pointing triangle between the eyes. The width of the white postocular line varies from half to two-thirds the width of the tympanum. And the rear of the thighs varies from light brown distinctly blotched with dark brown to fairly uniformly dark brown. Color in life. From field notes for paratype BPBM 18429 (Fig. 8 B): “Dorsum brown, face and tympanic region black with a white stripe running from snout along canthus and upper eyelid to forearm insertion and down forearm. Chin to chest black, with few white flecks on chest; belly gray with few black and white flecks. Rear of thighs dark brown; tan line above anus. Iris dark brown rimmed with orange around pupil.” Call. This species calls primarily from 1–2 h before dark to 1–2 h after dark, with the frequency of calling decreasing noticeably after dark. It may call briefly during daytime, especially following rain. The call is a rapid series of 2–23 raspy chirps emitted at a rate of 0.32–0.95 notes/s (mean = 0.71 notes/s for six call series); calls range from 3–25 s in duration (Table 8). Each note is brief, with a mean duration of 0.100 s (range 0.076– 0.113 s). The interval between notes was considerably longer, averaging 1.265 s and ranging from 0.517– 4.702 s. There was little variation among individuals in note duration, but internote duration varied considerably (Table 8). Each note increases sharply to maximum amplitude and decreases at an accelerating rate, creating an approximately semi-lunar amplitude envelope (Figs. 12 A, 13A). The note has a well-developed harmonic structure and is frequency modulated, with a downward slur of approximately 200–300 Hz (Fig. 12 C). The dominant frequency of the calls varied within a very narrow window (Fig. 12 B), averaging 1972 Hz and ranging from 1911–2010 Hz. Specimen Call Temperature Number Call Note duration Internote Repetition Dominant series (&ring;C) of notes duration (s) (s) duration (s) rate (notes/s) frequency (kHz) BPBM a 22.5 17 18.6 0.094 ± 0.0013 1.043 ± 0.1138 0.92 1.95 ± 0.0027 18432 (0.084–0.101) (0.525–1.992) (1.93–1.97) b “ 3 9.4 0.083 ± 0.0033 4.446 ± 0.2565 0.32 1.92 ± 0.0052 (0.078–0.089) (4.189–4.702) (1.91–1.93) c “ 2 3.6 0.084 ± 0.0075 3.302 0.55 1.92 ± 0.0005 (0.076–0.091) (1.92) BPBM a “ 23 25.1 0.103 ± 0.0008 1.029 ± 0.1821 0.92 1.98 ± 0.0022 18433 (0.097–0.110) (0.517–3.781) (1.96–2.01) b “ 12 20.0 0.099 ± 0.0012 1.730 ± 0.1498 0.60 1.98 ± 0.0017 (0.090–0.104) (0.916–2.532) (1.97–1.99) c “ 19 20.0 0.106 ± 0.0010 0.998 ± 0.1112 0.95 1.98 ± 0.0023 (0.099–0.113) (0.567–2.476) (1.96–2.00) Etymology. The trivial epithet is a Latin combinatorial adjective from “albus” for “white” and “linea” for “line”. It refers to the two distinctive white lines on the head and extending down the forearm in this species. Range. Known from the northwestern slope of Mt. Shungol, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, and from Oomsis, approximately 18 km to the NE (Fig. 2). Ecological notes. This species inhabits leaf litter, from which it begins calling in late afternoon, continuing for the first couple hours of dark. Habitat at the area of collection was medium-crowned lowland hill forest (Paijmans, 1975, 1976) with a canopy ~ 30 m high and emergents to ~ 50 m. Specimens were collected along the narrow (ca. 30–50 m-wide) valley bottom bounded by the Dunch River and adjacent steep hills. This valley bottom appeared to be a perched, rocky floodplain, had a series of tributary streams and braided rivulets crossing the area, and had a rich soil with a moderately dense understory, especially of urticaceous herbs. The smallest mature male is 16.0 mm SV; an immature male is 14.0 mm. The smallest mature female is 20.1 mm; one immature female is 14.8 mm. Syntopic microhylids include Albericus exclamitans, Austrochaperina parkeri, Austrochaperina palmipes, Callulops personata, Cophixalus cheesmanae, Copiula fistulans, Hylophorbus sp., Mantophryne lateralis, and Oreophryne geislerorum. Remarks. Specimens BPBM 13445–49 were erroneously identified many years ago as Cophixalus pipilans by R. Zweifel, author of that species; they have been catalogued under that name since that time. Identity between this older sample and the type series of C. albolineatus led me to apply the name C. pipilans to this latter sample for several years too. I subsequently used these specimens in diagnosing several new species of Cophixalus from C. pipilans (Kraus and Allison, 2009). Because the original identification was in error, those diagnoses vis-à-vis C. pipilans were also sometimes incorrect in particulars. The only newly described species in Kraus and Allison (2009) seriously affected by this error was C. desticans, which is actually more similar to true C. pipilans (subsequently collected by me and verified against the type series, see Appendix) than first presumed. Based on these specimens of C. pipilans and recordings I made for four animals, C. desticans may be correctly diagnosed from C. pipilans in having a dorsum with many parallel dermal ridges (dorsum smooth in C. pipilans), a broad dark lateral band (vs. a narrow lateral stripe or series of dashes in C. pipilans), rear of thighs brown (vs. dark orange in C. pipilans), and a slower advertisement call (0.4 notes/s in C. desticans vs. 1.5–2.0 notes/ in C. pipilans) with a higher dominant frequency (5900–6400 Hz in C. desticans vs. 4900–5300 Hz in C. pipilans) and a rounded waveform lacking a spike in amplitude (waveform with a sharp amplitude spike in the first 0.01 s of call in C. pipilans). None of the other species described by Kraus and Allison (2009) is liable to confusion with C. pipilans.Published as part of Kraus, Fred, 2012, Papuan frogs of the genus Cophixalus (Anura: Microhylidae): new synonyms, new species, and a dichotomous key, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 3559 on pages 19-23, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/282919">10.5281/zenodo.282919</a&gt

ZENODO

Gerrhopilus papuanorum Kraus 2023, sp. nov.

Author: Kraus Fred
Publication venue
Publication date: 26/01/2023
Field of study

Gerrhopilus papuanorum sp. nov. Figs. 4A, B Holotype. BPBM 17236 (field tag FK 7488), obtained 22 February 2003 by Fred Kraus from a local collector at Bunisi Village, NE slope Mt Simpson, 10.0171° S, 149.6002° E, 1420 m a.s.l., Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. Paratypes. BPBM 17237, Siyomu Village, NE slope Mt Simpson, 10.0145° S, 149.5970° E, 1300 m a.s.l., Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, 23 February 2003; BPBM 17238, Ikara Village, NE of Mt Simpson, 9.9801° S, 149.6311° E, 800 m a.s.l., Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, 2 March 2003 Diagnosis. A Gerrhopilus species characterized by the unique combination of having a rounded snout in lateral view; LSR = 22 at midbody; TSR = 407–414; loreal absent; supralabial imbrication pattern T-V; subocular scale one; presubocular scale absent; a sharp, protruding, tail spine that is black basally and corneous distally; 1–5 glands in the prefrontal, 0–4 in the supraocular, 0–3 in the ocular, 18–28 in the preocular, 0 in the frontal, 0–2 in the subocular; L/W = 51.2–53.5; TL/SVL = 0.021 –0.026; and a uniformly dark-brown venter. Its size is large for this species group (Table 1). Comparisons with other species. Gerrhopilus papuanorum is distinguished from G. fredparkeri, G. hades, G. inornatus, G. slapcinskyi, and G. suturalis in having 22 longitudinal scale rows at midbody (vs 16 in G. fredparkeri, 18 in G. hades and G. suturalis, and 20 in G. inornatus and G. slapcinskyi). It is further distinguished from G. fredparkeri in its lower number of transverse scale rows (407–414 vs 539 in G. fredparkeri); from G. hades in having 22–24 longitudinal scale rows behind the head (vs 18 in G. hades) and more and smaller glands in the center of the preocular (18–28 vs 10–11 in G. hades); from G. inornatus in having more transverse scale rows (407–414 vs 374–375 in G. inornatus) and in being more slender (L/W = 51.2–53.5 vs 36.4–47.8 in G. inornatus); from G. slapcinskyi in having more transverse scale rows (407–414 vs 298–318 in G. slapcinskyi), fewer glands in the ocular (0–3 vs 4–9 in G. slapcinskyi) and preocular (18–28 vs 35–39 in G. slapcinskyi), and in being more slender (L/W = 51.2–53.5 vs 35.5–38.6 in G. slapcinskyi) and having a shorter tail (TL/SVL = 0.021 –0.026 vs 0.034 –0.043 in G. slapcinskyi); and from G. suturalis in having a single postocular on each side of the head (vs two in G. suturalis) and lacking a presubocular (vs present in G. suturalis). Description of the holotype. Female. L = 235.5 mm, SVL = 230 mm, TL = 5.6 mm, HW = 4.0 mm, SN = 2.3 mm, SW = 3.5 mm, PSN = 1.0 mm, RW = 1.9 mm, EW = 0.4 mm, W = 4.4 mm, VW = 3.9 mm, TW = 3.4 mm, L/W = 53.5, TL/SVL = 0.024. Head slightly wider than neck. Snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views. Snout anterior to lower jaw horizontal. Rostral moderately large (RW/HW = 0.48), oval dorsally, lateral margins convex, posterior border extending slightly more than halfway between naris and eye, posterior margin straight; ventrally surface papillose, with straight sides and posterior margin concave. Nasals separated dorsally by prefrontal (Fig. 4A); superior nasal large, with sinuous posterior margin, concave dorsally, convex ventrally (Fig. 4B). External naris semicircular, oriented obliquely, close to rostral, anterior half covered by inferior nasal; superior nasal suture extending anterodorsally from naris to rostral; inferior nasal suture complete, contacting second supralabial well posterior to latter’s contact with first supralabial. Prefrontal and supraoculars subequal in size, slightly larger than frontal, parietals, and interparietal, which are also subequal in size. Preocular large, triangular; larger than ocular but smaller than superior nasal. Ocular large, smaller than preocular, extending dorsally well above preocular, extending ventrally to ~2/3 depth of preocular, bordered posteroventrally by subocular of approximately half its size. Eye small and rather ill defined, with indistinct iris margin and large pupil, situated at widest point of ocular and approximately midway along its height, anterior third covered by preocular plate in lateral view. Five postoculars bordering ocular and subocular between parietal and fourth supralabial. Four supralabials, third the largest, all with long axis oblique to long axis of body, first approximately rectangular. Supralabial imbrication pattern T-V, posterior border of second supralabial overlaps anteroventral margin of preocular, that of third supralabial overlaps anteroventral margin of subocular and ends at rear margin of preocular. Mental crescentic, wider than long, projecting slightly beyond curve of lower jaw and fitting into notch on upper lip when mouth is closed. Infralabials two on each side, second much longer. Longitudinal scale rows 24 behind head, 22 at midbody, and 22 anterior to vent; transverse scale rows 408, no intercalary scales along vertebral row; subcaudals 15; dorsocaudals 14; apical region with sharp apical spine that extends only short distance (0.2 mm) past last scales. Rostral, nasals, and preoculars densely covered in pale glands; oculars and frontal without glands, preoculars with 28 (R) and 26 (L), supraoculars with 2 (R) and 4 (L), prefrontal with 5; and suboculars with 2 glands. In preservative, 19 years after preservation, body dark brown above and below, venter slightly lighter; no sharp distinction between dorsal and ventral shading; each scale uniformly dark. Anterior half of rostral, area around nares, first supralabials, mental, first infralabials, and center of throat to 1.5 scales behind mental pale straw yellow; second and third supralabials pale straw yellow ventrally, brown dorsally. Head glands pale straw yellow; tail spine black basally, corneus brown distally. Iris pale gray distally, dark gray adjacent to pupil, distal margins indistinct; pupil paler gray. Variation. Both paratypes too are female, but they have 22 longitudinal scale rows behind the head and throughout the body (Table 1). BPBM 17237 is smaller (L = 215 mm) than the holotype; BPBM 17238 is larger (L = 262 mm). Their L/W ratios are virtually the same (51.2, 52.4, respectively) to the holotype, as are their relative tail lengths (TL/SVL = 0.026 and 0.021, respectively) and number of transverse scale rows (407, 414, respectively). The eye is half covered by the preocular scale in BPBM 17237 and half to two-thirds covered in BPBM 17238. Glands are uniformly absent from the frontal in the type series and from the ocular in BPBM 17237, but BPBM 17238 has two glands in the right ocular and three in the left. Glands in the preocular vary from 18–24 in the two paratypes, those in the subocular from 0–1, in the supraocular from 0–2, and in the prefrontal from 1–4. The rostral is slightly narrower in BPBM 17237 (RW/HW = 0.43) than in BPBM 17238, which is identical to the holotype. Color pattern is identical in all specimens. Etymology. The species name is a genitive plural honorific for the people of Papua New Guinea, the generosity and friendliness of many of whom made my expeditions to that country most pleasant and rewarding. Distribution. Known only from the northern slope of Mt Simpson, Milne Bay Province, PNG, at elevations from 800–1420 m a.s.l. (Fig. 2). Ecology. Each of the three specimens was brought to the author by local villagers. It seems most likely that each was uncovered while the villagers were working their gardens during the day. The areas around each village are now widely cleared for gardens or converted to grasslands for hunting (Fig. 3B) but would have comprised lowermontane rainforest originally.Published as part of Kraus, Fred, 2023, A revision of Gerrhopilus inornatus (Squamata: Gerrhopilidae) reveals a multi-species complex, pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 5231 (1) on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5231.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/757148

ZENODO

Chileotrecha romero Kraus 1966, comb. nov.

Author: Iuri Hernán A.
Botero-Trujillo Ricardo
Publication venue
Publication date: 31/12/2015
Field of study

Chileotrecha romero (Kraus, 1966) comb. nov. (Figures 1–5) Mummucina romero Kraus, 1966: 182 –183, fig. 2; Cekalovic & Quezada, 1969: 176; Muma, 1971: 2, 3, 10–11 [in part]; Cekalovic, 1975: 131, 135 [in part]; Muma, 1976: 24 [in part]; Harvey, 2003: 291; González-Reyes & Corronca, 2013: 538, 539, 540; Botero-Trujillo, 2014: 320. Mummucina cordoba: Used by Kraus (1966: 181, 182); as “ Mummicina [sic] cordoba ” in Kraus (1966: 181) (nomen nudum). Dubious records (see Notes): Mummucina romero: Muma, 1971: 11 [in part], figs. 17–18; Cekalovic, 1975: 135 [in part]; Muma, 1976: 24 [in part]. Type material. Holotype (immature, examined); original label verbatim: “ Senckenberg-Mus. 17376/1 / Frankfurt-M. / Mummucina romero Kraus / 1&female; Holotypus / Chile: Romero / F. di Castri leg. 14.III.63 / O. Kraus ”. Paratypes (three immatures, examined); original label verbatim: “ Senckenberg-Mus. 17377/3 / Frankfurt-M. / Mummucina romero Kraus / 3&female; Paratypoide / Chile: Romero / F. di Castri leg. 14.III.63 / O. Kraus ”. Notes. Mummucina romero was described by Kraus (1966) based on four specimens from “ Romero,” Chile. In the species description, the author stated that the pedipalps had sparse hairs and lacked ‘spines’ (Kraus 1966: 183). Whilst the male of this species is not yet known as to determine the flagellar morphology, its placement in Mummuciidae was never in doubt before. The type material consists of a holotype and three paratypes, all of which were found to be immature upon examination. Apart from the coloration pattern which appears to have faded (mostly in the holotype and two paratypes), all the specimens are reasonably well preserved. The dorsal aspect of the abdomen is coloured brown-violaceous in all specimens, while the propeltidium and chelicerae are yellowish in all but one paratype, in which these are pigmented similarly as the abdomen. This coloration pattern is inconsistent with the placement of this species in Mummuciidae. Two other important features of the species, confounded or not addressed in the original description and here confirmed for the four specimens, are also conflictive: the presence of short ventral spiniform setae on pedipalpal segments and the absence of a comb of rigid hairs on post-spiracular sternite II. Even though the holotype retains some pedipalpal spiniform setae (mostly on metatarsi and tibiae), others have broken off leaving the corresponding insertion sockets visible. The paratypes closely resemble the morphology of the holotype and most of these spiniform setae are intact. On account of this, we propose that the species belongs to the family Ammotrechidae. The species is here transferred to the genus Chileotrecha, considering that the types present the following features that match the revised diagnosis for the genus provided by Iuri et al. (2014): cheliceral fixed finger with FM, FSD and FD teeth present, and dorsal hump at this level; spiniform setae of pedipalpal femur, tibia and metatarsus shorter than the pedipalp width; pedipalp tarsus immovably fixed to metatarsus and without spiniform setae; tibia of legs II and III without dorso-apical spiniform seta; tarsus of leg IV bi-segmented, with pseudo segmentation on basal segment; and metatarsus of legs II and III with spinulation pattern 1.(1).1.(1).1, i.e., 1.1.1 retrodorsal spiniform setae intercalated with 1.1 retrolateral setae. The specimens of Chileotrecha romero bear two pairs of ctenidia on spiracular sternite I at level of the spiracular openings. These have not, to date, been reported for any other species in the genus (see Maury 1987; Iuri et al. 2014). Despite the specimens being immature, this feature may be diagnostic for the species, but needs to be confirmed once additional congeneric specimens are available for study. The exact type locality of C. romero cannot be determined since the original data available for the specimens [in Kraus’ (1966) description and in the specimens’ labels] are insufficient. González-Reyes & Corronca (2013: fig. 2) presented a map with the known distribution of mummuciid species, wherein that of C. romero (as ‘ Mummucina romero ’) was approximated to La Serena city, Coquimbo Region, Chile. While these authors did not provide supplementary comments regarding the information supplied in the map, we determined the existence of at least twelve “ Romero ” places in this Chilean region. The collector of the type specimens, Dr. Francesco di Castri, was an Italian ecologist who started his professional career in 1961, as professor and Director of the Institute of Animal Production at the Universidad de Santiago de Chile (Naveh 2007). We consider also likely that the specimens could be from the Santiago Metropolitan Region (south to Coquimbo), although this might not be necessarily true. There too, however, six places named “ Romero ” could be identified. Our attempts to track the expeditions performed by Dr. di Castri in the year of collection of the specimens were unsuccessful; therefore, the type locality of C. romero remains uncertain. Muma (1971) reported a female of Mummucina romero for Las Hedionditas (Coquimbo, Chile), a record that was subsequently referred in other contributions (Cekalovic 1975; Muma 1976). This specimen, currently at the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Buenos Aires, Argentina), was examined by us and it proved to be also a Chileotrecha. However, Muma’s (1971) specimen does not presently have the ctenidia on spiracular sternite I referred above for C. romero, neither is there any indication that these are broken off. Therefore, it probably belongs to a different species of Chileotrecha.Published as part of Botero-Trujillo, Ricardo & Iuri, Hernán A., 2015, Chileotrecha romero (Kraus, 1966) comb. nov. and Pseudocleobis patagonicus (Roewer, 1934) comb. nov. transferral from Mummuciidae to Ammotrechidae (Arachnida, Solifugae), pp. 437-443 in Zootaxa 3990 (3) on page 439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3990.3.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/240634">http://zenodo.org/record/240634</a&gt

ZENODO

O complexo Dadoxylon-Araucarioxylon do permo-carbonifero da Província Gondvânica: estudo taxonômico

Author: Kurzawe Francine
Publication venue
Publication date: 01/01/2008
Field of study

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal.Os gêneros Dadoxylon Endlicher, 1847 e Araucarioxylon Kraus, 1870 referem-se a espécimes lenhosos permineralizados constituídos apenas por xilema secundário (traqueidóxilos) ou por medula e xilemas primário e secundário. Tais gêneros, porém, apresentam uma história bastante confusa desde as suas origens e têm sido aplicados indiscriminadamente para lenhos nórdicos ou austrais, amedulados ou medulados, paleozóicos ou mesozóicos e vinculados a diferentes táxons, transformando-se em verdadeiro complexo taxonômico. Visando a clarificação do complexo, inúmeras propostas foram formuladas por diferentes autores e, mais recentemente, a legitimidade dos gêneros Dadoxylon e Araucarioxylon tem sido contestada com base no Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Botânica (CINB). Assim, avalia-se a posição taxonômica das espécies de ambos os gêneros descritas para o Permo-Carbonífero do Gondvana, com base nas propostas de Philippe (1993), Bamford & Philippe (2001) e nas normas do CINB (McNeil et al., 2006). Das 40 espécies identificadas na literatura, cinco foram transferidas para o gênero Agathoxylon Hartig, 1848, uma para Brachyoxylon Hollick & Jeffrey, 1909, quatro para Protobrachyoxylon Holden, 1913 e quatro para Damudoxylon Maheshwari emend. Maheshwari, 1972; nove são inválidas; nove não foram passíveis de transferência; cinco necessitam ser enquadradas em outros gêneros e três não puderam ser analisadas. Genera Dadoxylon Endlicher, 1847 and Araucarioxylon Kraus, 1870 relate to the permineralized wood specimens consisting solely of secondary xylem (tracheidoxyl) or pith and primary and secondary xylems. Such generic names, however, have a history quite confusing since its origins and have been applied indiscriminately to Northerns or Southerns woods, with ou without pith, paleozoic or mesozoic and bound to different taxa, becoming in a real taxonomic complex. To clarify this complex, many proposals were made by different authors and, more recently, the legitimacy of genera Dadoxylon and Araucarioxylon has been challenged based on the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). Thus, to assess taxonomic position of the species of both genuses described for the Gondwana Perm-Carboniferous, based on proposals from Philippe (1993), Bamford & Philippe (2001) and the rules of ICNB (McNeil et al., 2006). Of the 40 species identified in the literature, five were transferred to the genus Agathoxylon Hartig, 1848, one to Brachyoxylon Hollick & Jeffrey, 1909, four to Protobrachyoxylon Holden, 1913 and four to Damudoxylon Maheshwari emend. Maheshwari, 1972; nine are invalid; nine were not subject to transfer; five need to be framed in other genus and three could not be analyzed

Repositório Institucional da UFSC

RCAAP - Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal

The Vicinity of the Galactic Supergiant B[e] Star CPD-57\deg2874 from Near- and Mid-IR Long Baseline Spectro-Interferometry with the VLTI (AMBER and MIDI)

Author: Weigelt G
Miroshnichenko AS
Domiciano de Souza A
Chesneau O
Hofmann K-H
Ohnaka K
Petrov RG
Driebe T
Kraus S
Preibisch T
Stee P
Publication venue
Publication date: 2018
Field of study

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from ASP via the link in this record.We present the first spectro-interferometric observations of the circumstellar envelope (CSE) of a B[e] supergiant (CPD−57°2874), performed with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) using the beam-combiner instruments AMBER (near-IR interferometry with three 8.3 m Unit Telescopes or UTs) and MIDI (mid-IR interferometry with two UTs). Our observations of the CSE are well fitted by an elliptical Gaussian model with FWHM diameters varying linearly with wavelength. Typical diameters measured are ≅ 1.8 × 3.4 mas or ≅ 4.5×8.5 AU (adopting a distance of 2.5 kpc) at 2.2 μm, and ≅ 12×15 mas or ≅ 30 × 38 AU at 12 μm. We show that a spherical dust model reproduces the SED but it underestimates the MIDI visibilities, suggesting that a dense equatorial disk is required to account for the compact dust-emitting region observed. Moreover, the derived major-axis position angle in the mid-IR (≅ 144°) agrees well with previous polarimetric data, hinting that the hot-dust emission originates in a disk-like structure. Our results support the non-spherical CSE paradigm for B[e] supergiants

NanoSr – A New Carbonate Microanalytical Reference Material for In Situ Strontium Isotope Analysis

Author: Mertz-Kraus R.
Jochum K. P.
Scholz D.
Weber M.
Lugli F.
Hattendorf B.
Guinoiseau D.
Publication venue
Publication date: 01/01/2020
Field of study

The in situ measurement of Sr isotopes in carbonates by MC-ICP-MS is limited by the availability of suitable microanalytical reference materials (RMs), which match the samples of interest. Whereas several well-characterised carbonate reference materials for Sr mass fractions > 1000 μg g−1 are available, there is a lack of well-characterised carbonate microanalytical RMs with lower Sr mass fractions. Here, we present a new synthetic carbonate nanopowder RM with a Sr mass fraction of ca. 500 μg g−1 suitable for microanalytical Sr isotope research (‘NanoSr’). NanoSr was analysed by both solution-based and in situ techniques. Element mass fractions were determined using EPMA (Ca mass fraction), as well as laser ablation and solution ICP-MS in different laboratories. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio was determined by well-established bulk methods for Sr isotope measurements and is 0.70756 ± 0.00003 (2s). The Sr isotope microhomogeneity of the material was determined by LA-MC-ICP-MS, which resulted in 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70753 ± 0.00007 (2s) and 0.70757 ± 0.00006 (2s), respectively, in agreement with the solution data within uncertainties. Thus, this new reference material is well suited to monitor and correct microanalytical Sr isotope measurements of low-Sr, low-REE carbonate samples. NanoSr is available from the corresponding author

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia

Een TCE-station voor de deltametropool

Author: Kraus B.
Kraus B. (author)
Publication venue
Publication date: 31/12/1999
Field of study

TU Delft Repository

The Trade-off between Fertility and Education: Evidence from before the Demographic Transition

Author: Cinnirella Francesco
Woessmann Ludger
Becker Sascha O.
Publication venue
Publication date
Field of study

The trade-off between child quantity and education is a crucial ingredient of unified growth models that explain the transition from Malthusian stagnation to modern growth. We present first evidence that such a trade-off indeed existed before the demographic transition, exploiting a unique census-based dataset of 334 Prussian counties in 1849. Estimating two separate instrumental-variable models that instrument education by landownership inequality and distance to Wittenberg and fertility by previous-generation fertility and sex-imbalance ratio, we find that causation between fertility and education runs both ways. Furthermore, education in 1849 predicts the fertility transition in 1880-1905.schooling, fertility transition, unified growth theory, 19th-century Prussia

Research Papers in Economics

The Trade-off between Fertility and Education: Evidence from before the Demographic Transition

Author: Ludger Woessmann
Francesco Cinnirella
Sascha O. Becker
Publication venue
Publication date
Field of study

Research Papers in Economics