1,720,979 research outputs found
On individual variations regarding belief
No full textInternational audienceThe author argues, that anthropology often interprets religious beliefs as shared by the believers and assumes that believersstraightforwardly think that their beliefs are true. In her article "On individual variations regarding beliefs", she shows, however,that the relationsbetween believers and their beliefs are malleable. They varybetween different believersand even an individual believer'srelation to his beliefs might change from situation to situation. She makes her point with referencetotwo Moroccan city-dwellers who hold acommonbelief, namely,inthe existence of djnns. However,they ascribe different identities to the djinns and confrontation with ad ifferent perspective on djinns strengthens their belief in the truth of their own perspective. Moreover,the validity of beliefs that are firmly embedded in their actions as tacit knowledge becomes suspended when the beliefs become atheme of discourse. Furthermore, believers can differ in how much they doubt abelief. Next the authorargues that, an actor'semotions in aspecific situation can strengthen his belief. Finally,beliefs can become emble-matic for one's cherished way of life and this can make the actor hold on to abelief. The author thus concludes that ashared belief does not imply that the relation towards the belief is also shared. Individuals , as she shows, rather have arelation to their beliefs that is specific to them and specific to their present circumstances
On individual variations regarding belief
No full textInternational audienceThe author argues, that anthropology often interprets religious beliefs as shared by the believers and assumes that believersstraightforwardly think that their beliefs are true. In her article "On individual variations regarding beliefs", she shows, however,that the relationsbetween believers and their beliefs are malleable. They varybetween different believersand even an individual believer'srelation to his beliefs might change from situation to situation. She makes her point with referencetotwo Moroccan city-dwellers who hold acommonbelief, namely,inthe existence of djnns. However,they ascribe different identities to the djinns and confrontation with ad ifferent perspective on djinns strengthens their belief in the truth of their own perspective. Moreover,the validity of beliefs that are firmly embedded in their actions as tacit knowledge becomes suspended when the beliefs become atheme of discourse. Furthermore, believers can differ in how much they doubt abelief. Next the authorargues that, an actor'semotions in aspecific situation can strengthen his belief. Finally,beliefs can become emble-matic for one's cherished way of life and this can make the actor hold on to abelief. The author thus concludes that ashared belief does not imply that the relation towards the belief is also shared. Individuals , as she shows, rather have arelation to their beliefs that is specific to them and specific to their present circumstances
Compte-rendu : Jean-Louis Fabiani, Sociologie de la Corse
No full textLes comptes rendus, 2018.Venant sans conteste combler un manque parmi les connaissances des sciences sociales sur la Corse, le panorama sociologique des questions économiques et politiques de l’île proposé par Jean-Louis Fabiani est prometteur en ce qu’il est fondé sur une déconstruction et une description des limites du paradigme de l’insularité. Par ce biais, il offre une lecture critique des contradictions sociopolitiques ayant pris place au cours des dernières décennies en Corse et qui tiraillent l’île au point d’enserrer son développement. Si l’ouvrage est accessible à un large public, il ne va par contre pas « plaire à tout le monde » (p. 6), ou du moins pas à tous les Corses à qui il s’adresse de manière privilégiée
Compte-rendu : Jean-Louis Fabiani, Sociologie de la Corse
No full textLes comptes rendus, 2018.International audienceVenant sans conteste combler un manque parmi les connaissances des sciences sociales sur la Corse, le panorama sociologique des questions économiques et politiques de l’île proposé par Jean-Louis Fabiani est prometteur en ce qu’il est fondé sur une déconstruction et une description des limites du paradigme de l’insularité. Par ce biais, il offre une lecture critique des contradictions sociopolitiques ayant pris place au cours des dernières décennies en Corse et qui tiraillent l’île au point d’enserrer son développement. Si l’ouvrage est accessible à un large public, il ne va par contre pas « plaire à tout le monde » (p. 6), ou du moins pas à tous les Corses à qui il s’adresse de manière privilégiée
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Beings and ways of being in Chefchaouen, a rural town in Morocco : towards an anthropology of presence
No full textCe travail s’attache à décrire la coprésence de l’urbain et du rural à Chefchaouen au Maroc. La dimension rurale est une réalité ancrée au sein de cette petite cité de montagne du rif occidental. Elle s’observe à travers des pratiques et des représentations de la ville et de ses quartiers, des manières d’aller au souk, un certain rapport au monde rural et aux produits, à ses origines traduites par des histoires familiales, des valeurs et des manières d’être en société. Elle se comprend encore dans les rapports quotidiens, routiniers ou plus occasionnels, à une diversité d’êtres non-humains, invisibles ou visibles: Dieu, les djinns, le shaytan ou les animaux, dont les chats, l’animal sacrificiel de l’Aïd el Kabîr et les chèvres et les boucs élevés en ville. Cette thèse restitue comment l’urbain et le rural sont présents et objets d’attentions variées sur ces divers pans de la vie sociale, selon les échelles et les individus considérés. Ce sont ici plusieurs champs disciplinaires qui sont concernés dont l’ethnologie urbaine, l’anthropologie religieuse et la question du croire, les rapports homme-animal et la question de l’ontologie en anthropologie. Grâce un perspectivisme anthropographique, cette recherche montre comme l’individu, saisi dans son quotidien et dans la continuité de son existence, offre une perspective située sur les catégories, et permet de penser autrement la diversité des rapports aux êtres. En plus de mettre en avant la pluralité des vécus, cette recherche souligne, d’une part, l’importance de la singularité des relations que tout un chacun est à même d’avoir envers d’autres êtres, tout particulièrement l’animal, et d’autre part, celle du croire qui permet de garder l’attention sur l’engagement que les individus ont de situation en situation face à aux non-humains, en particulier Dieu et les djinns. Voici là trois apports que la thèse entend apporter au « débat ontologie ». Ce travail y parvient en remettant les individus au cœur du projet anthropologique, tant dans leur singularité que leurs manières d’être socialement.This work attempts to describe the copresence of urbanity and rurality in Chefchaouen, Morocco. In this small city of the western Rif Mountains, the expression of rurality is pregnant. Rurality manifests itself through practices and representations of the city and its neighborhoods, in ways of going to the souk. It finds expressions in relation to rural surroundings as well as rural products. Rurality is also given consistency with reference to origins and family histories, values and ways of being in society. Rurality can be understood out of daily routinized or on the contrary, unusual encounters with a variety of non-human beings, visible or invisible: God, jinn-s, Shaytan or animals, including cats, the sacrificial animal of Aid el Kabir or goats raised in the city and its vicinity. This Ph.D. thesis aims at rendering how urban and rural are present and are objects of varying attentions, according to the scales and individuals considered. Several disciplines are engaged with in this work: urban ethnology, anthropology of religion and the question of belief, human-animal relations and the question of ontology in anthropology. Grounded in an anthropographical perspectivism, this research demonstrates how the individual apprehended in his daily life and the continuity of its existence, offers a situated perspective on categories which enables to think from anew the diversity of relations between humans and other beings. It also sheds light on the plurality of experiences. This perspective allows two demonstrations: firstly, it sets the importance of the singular and unique relationship everyone is able to have with other beings, especially animals,; and secondly, it focuses on the question of “believing” keeping the attention on the commitment individuals develop from situation to situation while facing non-humans - especially God and jinn-s. These are the contributions the Ph.D. thesis intends to make to the "ontology debate." This can only be accomplished by putting individuals at the heart of the anthropological project, both in their singularity and in their ways of being as social beings
Jean-Louis Fabiani, Sociologie de la Corse
No full textVenant sans conteste combler un manque parmi les connaissances des sciences sociales sur la Corse, le panorama sociologique des questions économiques et politiques de l’île proposé par Jean-Louis Fabiani est prometteur en ce qu’il est fondé sur une déconstruction et une description des limites du paradigme de l’insularité. Par ce biais, il offre une lecture critique des contradictions sociopolitiques ayant pris place au cours des dernières décennies en Corse et qui tiraillent l’île au point d..
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
