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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Etude des facteurs motivationnels de passage du salariat à l’entrepreneuriat dans le contexte marocain
No full textThe literature on entrepreneurial motivation posits that entrepreneurship can be chosen or forced. Following this line of thought, it is most often studied according to the push/pull or necessity/opportunity dichotomy. However, this approach to entrepreneurial motivation has been subject to several criticisms from researchers. They concern two fundamental points: on one hand, the exclusivity of choice, and on the other hand, the weakness of the push/pull (or necessity/opportunity) opposition of the motivitional determinants.
In addition, the rise of entrepreneurship and changes in the work environment have led to the emergence of atypical profiles of entrepreneurs that cannot be adequately analyzed by the classical economic push/pull framework, notably converted employees turned entrepreneurs. It is from this perspective that this article aims to thoroughly examine the motivational factors that drive some Moroccan employees to leave their jobs to become entrepreneurs.
Thus, we turn to another mobilized by entrepreneurship researchers, that of the possibility of a push-pull continuum, to interpret entrepreneurial motivation among Moroccan employees. To achieve this, 12 case studies were conducted. The findings indicate that the decision to transition to entrepreneurship takes into consideration both the employment situation and professional as well a personal aspiration. According to the results, the entrepreneurial motivation of the employees in our sample is formed from a combination of factors (Push and Pull) with a predominance of factors relating to job dissatisfaction and the desire for independence. Following these are determinants related to the discovery of an opportunity.
Keywords : Entrepreneurship - employee - entrepreneurial motivation - push-pull continuum.
JEL Classification : D91 ; J24 ; L26
Paper type : Empirical ResearchLa littérature portant sur la motivation entrepreneuriale postule que la création d’entreprise peut être choisie ou subie. Suivant cette ligne de pensée, elle est le plus souvent étudiée selon la dichotomie push/pull ou nécessité/opportunité. Cette approche de la motivation entrepreneuriale a cependant fait l’objet de plusieurs critiques de la part des chercheurs. Elles concernent deux points fondamentaux : d’un côté, l’exclusivité du choix, et d’un autre côté, la faiblesse de l’opposition du caractère push/pull (ou nécessité/ opportunité) des déterminants de la motivation. En outre, l’essor de l’entrepreneuriat et les mutations de l’environnement de travail ont fait émerger des profils atypiques d’entrepreneurs qui ne pourront pas se prêter à l’analyse par le découpage classique économique push/pull, notamment les salariés convertis en entrepreneurs. C’est dans cette perspective, que le présent article a pour objectif d’étudier en profondeur les facteurs motivationnels qui poussent certains salariés marocains à quitter leurs emplois pour devenir entrepreneurs. Ainsi, nous recourons à une autre piste de recherche mobilisée par les chercheurs en entrepreneuriat, celle de la possibilité d’un continuum push-pull, pour interpréter la motivation entrepreneuriale chez les salariés marocains. Pour ce faire, 12 études de cas ont été menées. Il en ressort que la décision de passage à l’entrepreneuriat prend en considération la situation dans l’emploi et les aspirations à la fois professionnelles et personnelles. Selon les résultats, la motivation entrepreneuriale des salariés de notre échantillon se forme à partir d’une combinaison de facteurs (Push et Pull) avec une prédominance des facteurs relatifs à l’insatisfaction au travail et au désir d’indépendance. Viennent en deuxième ordre les déterminants relatifs à la découverte d’une opportunité.
Mots clés : Entrepreneuriat - Salarié - motivation entrepreneuriale - continuum push-pull.
Classification JEL: D91 ; J24 ; L26
Type de l’article : Recherche Appliqué
Etude des facteurs motivationnels de passage du salariat à l’entrepreneuriat dans le contexte marocain
No full textThe literature on entrepreneurial motivation posits that entrepreneurship can be chosen or forced. Following this line of thought, it is most often studied according to the push/pull or necessity/opportunity dichotomy. However, this approach to entrepreneurial motivation has been subject to several criticisms from researchers. They concern two fundamental points: on one hand, the exclusivity of choice, and on the other hand, the weakness of the push/pull (or necessity/opportunity) opposition of the motivitional determinants.
In addition, the rise of entrepreneurship and changes in the work environment have led to the emergence of atypical profiles of entrepreneurs that cannot be adequately analyzed by the classical economic push/pull framework, notably converted employees turned entrepreneurs. It is from this perspective that this article aims to thoroughly examine the motivational factors that drive some Moroccan employees to leave their jobs to become entrepreneurs.
Thus, we turn to another mobilized by entrepreneurship researchers, that of the possibility of a push-pull continuum, to interpret entrepreneurial motivation among Moroccan employees. To achieve this, 12 case studies were conducted. The findings indicate that the decision to transition to entrepreneurship takes into consideration both the employment situation and professional as well a personal aspiration. According to the results, the entrepreneurial motivation of the employees in our sample is formed from a combination of factors (Push and Pull) with a predominance of factors relating to job dissatisfaction and the desire for independence. Following these are determinants related to the discovery of an opportunity.
Keywords : Entrepreneurship - employee - entrepreneurial motivation - push-pull continuum.
JEL Classification : D91 ; J24 ; L26
Paper type : Empirical ResearchLa littérature portant sur la motivation entrepreneuriale postule que la création d’entreprise peut être choisie ou subie. Suivant cette ligne de pensée, elle est le plus souvent étudiée selon la dichotomie push/pull ou nécessité/opportunité. Cette approche de la motivation entrepreneuriale a cependant fait l’objet de plusieurs critiques de la part des chercheurs. Elles concernent deux points fondamentaux : d’un côté, l’exclusivité du choix, et d’un autre côté, la faiblesse de l’opposition du caractère push/pull (ou nécessité/ opportunité) des déterminants de la motivation. En outre, l’essor de l’entrepreneuriat et les mutations de l’environnement de travail ont fait émerger des profils atypiques d’entrepreneurs qui ne pourront pas se prêter à l’analyse par le découpage classique économique push/pull, notamment les salariés convertis en entrepreneurs. C’est dans cette perspective, que le présent article a pour objectif d’étudier en profondeur les facteurs motivationnels qui poussent certains salariés marocains à quitter leurs emplois pour devenir entrepreneurs. Ainsi, nous recourons à une autre piste de recherche mobilisée par les chercheurs en entrepreneuriat, celle de la possibilité d’un continuum push-pull, pour interpréter la motivation entrepreneuriale chez les salariés marocains. Pour ce faire, 12 études de cas ont été menées. Il en ressort que la décision de passage à l’entrepreneuriat prend en considération la situation dans l’emploi et les aspirations à la fois professionnelles et personnelles. Selon les résultats, la motivation entrepreneuriale des salariés de notre échantillon se forme à partir d’une combinaison de facteurs (Push et Pull) avec une prédominance des facteurs relatifs à l’insatisfaction au travail et au désir d’indépendance. Viennent en deuxième ordre les déterminants relatifs à la découverte d’une opportunité.
Mots clés : Entrepreneuriat - Salarié - motivation entrepreneuriale - continuum push-pull.
Classification JEL: D91 ; J24 ; L26
Type de l’article : Recherche Appliqué
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention: Case of Students at Moulay Ismail University of Meknes
Get PDFIn recent decades, we have witnessed a proliferation of entrepreneurship education programs. In this regard, the university plays a crucial role in developing entrepreneurial skills, creativity, and innovation, thus stimulating students' entrepreneurial spirit. The objective of this article is to study the influence of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of students at Moulay Ismail University in Meknes. We also take into account the influence of psychological, contextual, and sociocultural factors for understanding their entrepreneurial intention comprehensively. The study of this issue draws on Shapero and Sokol's (1982) social dimensions of entrepreneurship model and Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behavior. The chosen method involves testing a model of intention inspired by Tounès (2006). Accordingly, we analyze entrepreneurial intention, considering three sets of factors: attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The results indicate that only attitudes toward students' behavior and perceived behavioral control are significant in explaining entrepreneurial intention
Etude des facteurs motivationnels de passage du salariat à l’entrepreneuriat dans le contexte marocain
No full textThe literature on entrepreneurial motivation posits that entrepreneurship can be chosen or forced. Following this line of thought, it is most often studied according to the push/pull or necessity/opportunity dichotomy. However, this approach to entrepreneurial motivation has been subject to several criticisms from researchers. They concern two fundamental points: on one hand, the exclusivity of choice, and on the other hand, the weakness of the push/pull (or necessity/opportunity) opposition of the motivitional determinants.
In addition, the rise of entrepreneurship and changes in the work environment have led to the emergence of atypical profiles of entrepreneurs that cannot be adequately analyzed by the classical economic push/pull framework, notably converted employees turned entrepreneurs. It is from this perspective that this article aims to thoroughly examine the motivational factors that drive some Moroccan employees to leave their jobs to become entrepreneurs.
Thus, we turn to another mobilized by entrepreneurship researchers, that of the possibility of a push-pull continuum, to interpret entrepreneurial motivation among Moroccan employees. To achieve this, 12 case studies were conducted. The findings indicate that the decision to transition to entrepreneurship takes into consideration both the employment situation and professional as well a personal aspiration. According to the results, the entrepreneurial motivation of the employees in our sample is formed from a combination of factors (Push and Pull) with a predominance of factors relating to job dissatisfaction and the desire for independence. Following these are determinants related to the discovery of an opportunity.
Keywords : Entrepreneurship - employee - entrepreneurial motivation - push-pull continuum.
JEL Classification : D91 ; J24 ; L26
Paper type : Empirical ResearchLa littérature portant sur la motivation entrepreneuriale postule que la création d’entreprise peut être choisie ou subie. Suivant cette ligne de pensée, elle est le plus souvent étudiée selon la dichotomie push/pull ou nécessité/opportunité. Cette approche de la motivation entrepreneuriale a cependant fait l’objet de plusieurs critiques de la part des chercheurs. Elles concernent deux points fondamentaux : d’un côté, l’exclusivité du choix, et d’un autre côté, la faiblesse de l’opposition du caractère push/pull (ou nécessité/ opportunité) des déterminants de la motivation. En outre, l’essor de l’entrepreneuriat et les mutations de l’environnement de travail ont fait émerger des profils atypiques d’entrepreneurs qui ne pourront pas se prêter à l’analyse par le découpage classique économique push/pull, notamment les salariés convertis en entrepreneurs. C’est dans cette perspective, que le présent article a pour objectif d’étudier en profondeur les facteurs motivationnels qui poussent certains salariés marocains à quitter leurs emplois pour devenir entrepreneurs. Ainsi, nous recourons à une autre piste de recherche mobilisée par les chercheurs en entrepreneuriat, celle de la possibilité d’un continuum push-pull, pour interpréter la motivation entrepreneuriale chez les salariés marocains. Pour ce faire, 12 études de cas ont été menées. Il en ressort que la décision de passage à l’entrepreneuriat prend en considération la situation dans l’emploi et les aspirations à la fois professionnelles et personnelles. Selon les résultats, la motivation entrepreneuriale des salariés de notre échantillon se forme à partir d’une combinaison de facteurs (Push et Pull) avec une prédominance des facteurs relatifs à l’insatisfaction au travail et au désir d’indépendance. Viennent en deuxième ordre les déterminants relatifs à la découverte d’une opportunité.
Mots clés : Entrepreneuriat - Salarié - motivation entrepreneuriale - continuum push-pull.
Classification JEL: D91 ; J24 ; L26
Type de l’article : Recherche Appliqué
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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