142 research outputs found
Gender differences in healthy life years within the EU: an exploration of the "health-survival" paradox.
No full textvan Oyen H, Nuselder W, Jagger C, Kolip P, Cambois E, Robine JM. Gender differences in healthy life years within the EU: an exploration of the "health-survival" paradox. International Journal of Public Health. 2013;58(1):143-155
L'espérance de vie sans incapacité en France en 1982
No full textColvez A., Robině J.M. et al. — Life expectancy without incapacity in France in 1982. General ageing of the population and increased life expectancy at older ages have led to a need for new global health indicators. In this context, Expectancy of Healthy Life will doubtless become a basic indicator of changes in the quality of life. Its value will, however, depend on the accuracy of the data available on major, minor, permanent and temporary incapacities. As data on incapacity in France were improved considerably during the 1980s, the authors were able, for the first time, to calculate this index for the entire French population in 1982, using data from a nation-wide survey on health and medical care. In 1982, life expectancy of men was 70.7 years and life expectancy without incapacity was 61.9 years. For women, the figures were 78.9 years and 67.1 years respectively. Periods of incapacity were mainly caused by major permanent incapacities particularly among women temporary incapacities were similar for each sex.Colvez A., Robině J.M. et al.— L'espérance de vie sans incapacité en France en 1982. Le vieillissement de la population ainsi que l'augmentation de l'espérance de vie aux âges élevés conduit à prévoir de nouveaux indicateurs globaux de santé. Dans ce cadre, l'Espérance de Vie Sans Incapacité (EVSI) est sans doute appelée à devenir un indicateur de base pour apprécier l'évolution de la qualité de la vie. La valeur de cet indicateur repose sur la fiabilité des données d'incapacité. Celle-ci s'étant considérablement améliorée dans les années 80, les auteurs ont effectué des premiers calculs de cet indice pour l'ensemble de la population française en 1982 en s'appuyant sur les données de l'enquête nationale sur la santé et les soins médicaux. En 1982, pour le sexe masculin, l'espérance de vie du moment à la naissance était de 70,7 ans et l'espérance de vie sans incapacité de 61,9 ans. Pour le sexe féminin l'espérance de vie était de 78,9 ans et l'EVSI de 67,1 ans. La plus grande part des années d'incapacité vécues à partir de la naissance concerne l'incapacité permanente à domicile et grève davantage l'espérance de vie des femmes. Le poids de l'incapacité temporaire est identique dans les deuxColvez A., Robine J.M. et al.— La esperanza de vida sin incapacidad en Francia en 1982. El envejecimiento de la población, asi como el aumento de la esperanza de vida en edades avanzadas, conduce a prever nuevos indicadores globales de salud. En este sentido, la Esperanza de Vida Sin Incapacidad (EVSI) es sin duda un indicador básico para apreciar la evolución de la calidad de la vida. El valor de este indicador reposa en la confiabilidad de los datos sobre incapacidad. La calidad de estos datos ha mejorado notablemente en la década de 1980, lo que ha permitido a los autores efectuar los primeros cálculos de este indice para el conjunto de la población francesa, sobre la base de los resultados de la encuesta nacionál de salud y de atención médica correspondientes al ano 1982. Para el sexo masculino, en 1982, la esperanza de vida al nacer era de 70,7 afios y la esperanza de vida sin incapacidad era de 61,9 aňos. Para el sexo femenino, en ese mismo aňo, la esperanza de vida al nacer era de 78,9 aňos y la esperanza de vida sin incapacidad era de 67,1 aňos. La mayor parte de los aňos de incapacidad, vividos a partir del nacimiento, concernen la incapacidad permanente en el hogar y afecta principalmente la esperanza de vida de las mujeres. El peso de la incapacidad temporal es identico en los dos sexos.Colvez A., Robine Jean-Marie. L'espérance de vie sans incapacité en France en 1982. In: Population, 41ᵉ année, n°6, 1986. pp. 1025-1042
Recent trends in life with expectancy and rectanguarisation of the survival curve at advanced ages in the Netherlands
No full textRecent trends in life with expectancy and rectanguarisation of the survival curve at advanced ages in the Netherlands
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The impact of supply chain design and coordination decisions on transport emissions, costs and time in a global supply chain
No full textEnvironmental concerns have increased within the last decades. Supply chain activities have contributed to these global environmental problems. Namely, the production, transport, storage and consumption of goods have caused harm to the environment. Companies are therefore pushed to rethink their existing supply chain (SC) to contribute to the environmental challenges. Companies have to balance business performance measures with environmental performance measures. This issue is part of the green supply chain management (GSCM) field, which deals with supply chain management, where environmental considerations are taken into account [Sarkis et al., 2011]. One of the main environmental considerations within GSCM of companies is decreasing the supply chain’s emissions. From the literature review, a knowledge gap is identified where further research should focus on the impact of specifically supply chain design/coordination (SCD/C) decisions on emissions in global supply chains [Chelly et al., 2019]. These decisions include routing decisions, transport mode selection and facility location, to name a few. The consumer goods industry is an industry lacking such research [Ansari and Kant, 2017]. Next to emissions, the business performance criteria costs and transport times are included in the research question. Therefore, the main research question is: what impact do supply chain design and coordination (SCD/C) decisions in a global supply chain have on the supply chain’s emissions, costs and transport times? This question is answered by building a quantitative emission model of a part of the supply chain of L, a company that creates loyalty programmes for international retailers. In this way, a case-study methodology is applied in this research. The designed model is applied to the supply chain of L, but the model can also be applied to a different supply chain. Therefore the model can be seen as a tool that a company can use to understand the impact of SCD/C decisions on emissions, costs and time. After first defining a theoretical conceptual model and a case-specific conceptual model, the scope of the research was set up. Figure 0.1 shows a high-level visualisation of the emissions and criteria (green) included in the model and the parameters (blue) and variables (white) that influence these criteria. Based on this diagram, the model is created in the tool Excel.Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM
Nonagenarians and centenarians in Switzerland, 1860-2001: a demographic analysis.
No full textSTUDY OBJECTIVE: To explore the rapid rise of the extremely old population, showing the magnitude of the increase and identifying demographic mechanisms underlying this increase. DESIGN: Demographic analysis using census data, yearly population estimates, and mortality statistics. SETTING: Switzerland 1860-2001. MAIN RESULTS: Indicators suggest a strong increase in the number of nonagenarians and centenarians in Switzerland as compared with other countries. The increase is mostly attributable to the decline in mortality after age 80. This decline started in the 1950s. CONCLUSION: Nonagenarians and centenarians constitute a new population, which became sizeable after 1950 in Switzerland. There is a need to monitor this population with appropriate demographic and epidemiological indicators
Looking forward to a general theory on population aging
No full textThe main theories on population aging based on recent data on human longevity, life expectancy, morbidity changes, disability trends, and mortality decrease are presented and discussed within their own geographic, cultural, socioeconomic, and medical contexts. The complex interactions between all these components do not facilitate trend forecasting of aging population (healthy aging versus disability pandemic)
Espérance de vie sans incapacité et ses composantes : de nouveaux indicateurs pour mesurer la santé et les besoins de la population
No full textRobině J.M. and Colvez A. — Expectation of healthy life and its components : new indicators to measure the health and needs of the population. This work has been based on data collected during an enquiry conducted by INSERM on the lives of old people in Haute-Normandie in 1978-1979. Three aspects were selected : physical mobility, physical independence and occupation. Indices of immobility, dependency and occupational limitation were constructed. From a value of 2 % among those aged less than 70, the proportion of elderly people confined to their homes rises to move than 35 % among these aged 85 and over. At all ages, men appear to enjoy better health. This result which is the opposite of that found for mortality leads us to incorporate mortality and morbidity into a single index : expentancy of healthy life. Whereas the expectation of life at age 65 was 13.3 years for men and 18.0 for women, expectation of healthy life amounted to only 8.7 years and 6.1 years respectively.Robině J.M. et Colvez A. — L'espérance de vie sans incapacité et ses composantes : de nouveaux indicateurs pour mesurer la santé et les besoins de la population. Ce travail a été réalisé à partir des données recueillies lors d'une enquête que l'INSERM a effectué auprès des personnes âgées vivant en Haute-Normandie en 1978-1979. Trois dimensions ont été retenues : la mobilité physique, l'indépendance physique et l'occupation. Successivement on a construit un indicateur de confinement, de dépendance et de restriction des occupations. De 2 % avant 70 ans, la proportion des sujets confinés au domicile dépasse 35 % au-delà de 85 ans et plus. Quelque soit l'âge, les hommes apparaissent en meilleure santé. Ce résultat contraire à celui de la mortalité, conduit à agréger la mortalité et la morbidité dans un indicateur unique : l'espérance de vie sans incapacité (EVSI). Alors qu'à 65 ans l'espérance de vie du moment était de 13,3 ans pour les hommes et de 18,0 ans pour les femmes, l'espérance de vie sans incapacité était respectivement de 8,7 ans et de 6,1 ans.Robině J.M. y Colvez A. — La esperanza de vida sin incapacidad y sus componentes : nuevos indicadores para medir la salud y las necesidades de la población. Este trabajo fue realizado a partir de los datos recogidos en una encuesta efectuada por el INSERM, referente a personas de edad avanzada que vivían en Normandía Alta en 1978-1979. En esta encuesta se consideraron très aspectos : movilidad fisica, independencia fisica y ocupación. Se calcularon sucesivamente très indicatores : uno de confinamiento, uno de dependencia y otro de restricción ocupacional. Entre las personas interrogadas de menos de 70 aňos había un 2% confinadas en su hogar; después de los 85 aňos, esta proporción se éleva a mâs de un 35 %. Los hombres aparecen con una mejor salud, independientemente de su edad. Por el contrario la mortalidad de las mujeres es mas baja que la de los hombres. Por este motivo se calculó un indicator único de mortalidad y morbihdad : la esperanza de vida sin incapacidad (EVSI). Mientras que a los 65 aňos la esperanza de vida del momento era de 13,3 aňos para los hombres y de 18,0 para las mujeres, la esperanza de vida sin incapacidad era respectivamente 8,7 y 6,1 aňos.Robine Jean-Marie, Colvez A. Espérance de vie sans incapacité et ses composantes : de nouveaux indicateurs pour mesurer la santé et les besoins de la population. In: Population, 39ᵉ année, n°1, 1984. pp. 27-45
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