289 research outputs found
Validity of the Spanish version of the Echelle de Motivation en Education
No full textValidity of the Spanish version of the Echelle de Motivation en Education. A measure of motivation toward education has been developed in French, namely the Echelle de Motivation en Education (EME) and based on the principles of self-determination theory. The aim of this study was to translate in Spanish and to validate the EME completed by 636 University students. The Spanish version of the scale renamed Escala de Motivacion Educativa (EME-E) has showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency and temporal stability over a seven weeks period. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the seven-factor structure of the EME-E. Finally, gender differences were obtained. These findings support the use of the Spanish version of the EME for the assessment of motivation in education.3493440,874Q2SSC
Evolution of motivation as a discriminant criterium in sports
No full textThe evolution of motivation for sports was investigated using the Questionnaire for Iniciation, Maintenance, Change and Desertion of sports (MIMCA). Participants were 760 men, in 10 sports, from Gran Canaria (Spain). All of them were given the Questionnaire, and the results were analysed taken into consideration each one of the sports, and also in categories (individual sports, group, and risk sports). Results indicated high reliability of the Questionnaire. Some possible applications are indicated concerning motivational changes for practicing sports, taking into consideration situational and personal factors.1501391,179Q2SSC
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the sport motivation scale
No full textThis study aimed to analyse the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Echelle de Motivation dans les Sports (EMS). The sample was made up of 496 athletes: 314 men and 182 women. The confirmatory factorial analysis confirmed the scale's seven-factor structure with method effects; the construct validity was supported by the correlations among the subscales. Furthermore, the results showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency and significant differences between genders were obtained in the end. These results support the use of the Spanish version of the SMS in assessing motivation within the context of sport.223211Sello FECYTSSC
A Proposal For An Explanatory Model Of Psychological Well-Being Within The Context Of Sport
No full textThe aim of this study was to test a theoretical model that would explain psychological well-being within the contexts of sport. The model hypothesised the influence of the perceived task motivation climate, perceived emotional intelligence, task orientation and intrinsic motivation on psychological well-being. The participants were 399 Spanish athletes, 281 of whom were male and 118 female. Structural equation modelling showed that perceived emotional intelligence partially mediated the relationship between task motivational climate and task orientation, in which task orientation influenced intrinsic motivation and in turn, intrinsic motivation influenced psychological well-being. Furthermore, perceived emotional intelligence directly influenced psychological well-being. The model was invariant across two sport settings: amateur versus professional athletes. The findings are discussed within the framework of the self-determination and achievement goal theories.2422230,2210,543Q3Q4Sello FECYTSSC
El problema de la hipótesis de interacción en la teoría de la autodeterminación: Una propuesta de un nuevo índice de calidad de la motivación
No full textThe self-determination theory (SDT) is a theory of human motivation whose postulates support the so-called interactional hypothesis, according to which intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are not independent constructs, and it also supports a simplex model of the continuum of self-determination. To test this hypothesis, a measure of self-determination, called the self-determination index (SDI) is frequently used. However, the literature reveals evident problems in the use of this index. Therefore, the aim of this research is to propose a new way of calculating the SDI from two studies, using a sample of athletes. Cluster analysis carried out in Study 1 revealed two motivational profiles, and the correlations indicated that new SDI fit the hypotheses derived from the SDT better than did classic SDI. In Study 2, results confirmed the existence of a self-determined continuum, thus supporting the interactional hypothesis as well as the relations proposed from the theory. Finally, new SDI fits the postulates of the SDT better than classic SDI, and results obtained provide preliminary support to new SDI proposed.Para comprobar los postulados de la teoría de la autodeterminación se ha usado frecuentemente una medida de la calidad de la motivación denominada índice de autodeterminación (IAD). Este índice se basa en la hipótesis de interacción, según la cual la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca no son constructos independientes, sino que cuando aumenta uno disminuye el otro. Sin embargo, la literatura ha revelado que estos constructos son ortogonales y por tanto el IAD presenta problemas de medida. Atendiendo a estas limitaciones, el objetivo de esta investigación fue proponer y comprobar la efectividad de una nueva forma de calcular un índice de calidad de la motivación (IMP: índice de motivación positiva), utilizando dos muestras de deportistas. Los resultados de los dos estudios llevados a cabo revelaron que el IMP se ajustaba mejor a las hipótesis derivadas de la teoría de la autodeterminación que el IAD, encontrándose correlaciones positivas entre la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el IMP, y entre éste y las emociones positivas. Los resultados obtenidos dan apoyo preliminar a la utilización, en la investigación sobre la teoría de la autodeterminación, del nuevo índice de calidad de la motivación propuesto
Functional analysis of the tomato Ve resistance locus against Verticillium wilt
No full text Verticillium dahliae, V. albo-atrum and V. longisporum are soil-borne plant pathogens that are responsible for Verticillium wilt diseases in temperate and subtropical regions. Collectively they can infect over 200 hosts, including many economically important crops. Chapter 1 is a “pathogen profile” which describes the most important aspects of the biology of the Verticillium wilt pathogens. They colonize the xylem vessels of their host plants and cause symptoms such as wilting, chlorosis, stunting, necrosis and vein clearing. Verticillium species are notoriously difficult to control as there are no fungicides available to cure plants once they are infected. Therefore, genetic resistance is the preferred method for disease control. Chapter 2 describes the functional characterization of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Ve locus. This locus is responsible for resistance against race 1 strains of V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum and comprises two closely linked inversely oriented genes, Ve1 and Ve2. Both genes encode cell surface receptor proteins of the extracellular leucine-rich repeat (eLRR) receptor-like protein (RLP) class of disease resistance proteins. In chapter 2, it is demonstrated that Ve1, but not Ve2, provides resistance in tomato against race 1 but not against race 2 strains of V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum. Using virus-induced gene silencing in tomato, the signaling cascade downstream of Ve1 was shown to require both EDS1 (enhanced disease susceptibility1) and NDR1 (non-race-specific disease resistance1). In addition, also NRC1 (NB-LRR protein required for hypersensitive response-associated cell death1), ACIF (Avr9/Cf-9–induced F-box1), MEK2 (MAP/ERK kinase2), and SERK3/BAK1 (somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 3/brassinosteroid-associated kinase 1) act as positive regulators of Ve1 in tomato. In conclusion, Ve1-mediated resistance signaling only partially overlaps with signaling mediated by Cf proteins, type members of the eLRR-RLP-class of resistance proteins. In chapter 3 an attempt to introduce Nicotiana benthamiana as a model to facilitate the study of Ve1-mediated resistance is described. Challenge of wild type plants with several race 1 and race 2 strains of V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum demonstrated that N. benthamiana is susceptible to both Verticillium species. To obtain Verticillium wilt resistant plants, N. benthamiana was engineered to express the tomato Ve1 coding sequence. However, out of thirteen transgenic lines, six showed clear phenotypic aberrancies that included severe stunting and malformed leaves when compared to wild type plants. The seven Ve1-transgenic lines that did not show any phenotypic alterations were challenged with race 1 and race 2 strains. Although the pathogenicity assays indicated that in few lines Ve1 expression temporarily reduced disease development, most lines were as susceptible as wild type parental line. In conclusion, in chapter 3 it is demonstrated that the Ve1-transgenic N. benthamiana lines could not be used to study Ve1-mediated resistance signaling. In chapter 4, the use of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as model to facilitate the study of Ve1-mediated resistance is presented. To this end, tomato Ve1 was expressed in susceptible Arabidopsis plants. Upon challenge with race 1 strains of V. dahliae or V. albo-atrum, Ve1-expressing plants were found to be resistant. In contrast, Ve1-expressing plants were susceptible to race 2 strains of both V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum. Furthermore, expression of Ve1 in Arabidopsis plants did not prevent colonization by V. longisporum strains. Through Ve1-expression in Arabidopsis defense signaling mutants, it was demonstrated that signaling downstream of Ve1 is highly conserved between tomato and Arabidopsis. In previous chapters it was shown that the receptor kinase SERK3/BAK1 is required for Ve1-mediated resistance in tomato as well as in Arabidopsis. In Arabidopsis, SERK3/BAK1 belongs to a gene family consisting of five members. In chapter 5, the requirement of the different SERK family members in Ve1-mediated resistance in Arabidopsis is investigated, revealing the requirement of SERK1 and, although to a lesser extent, SERK4 for resistance. Using virus-induced gene silencing, it was subsequently shown that SERK1 is also required for Ve1-mediated resistance in tomato. In conclusion, the results of chapter 5 demonstrate that Arabidopsis can be used as model to unravel the molecular mechanisms of Ve1-mediated resistance. In chapter 6, the recognition specificity of Ve1 was further investigated by performing domain-swaps with Ve2 and expressing the chimeric Ve proteins in Arabidopsis. Various domain swaps in which eLRRs from Ve1 were replaced by those of Ve2 suggest that the region between eLRR22 and eLRR35 is required for full Ve1-mediated resistance. However, plants expressing a Ve chimera in which eLRR1 to eLRR30 of Ve1 was replaced with those of Ve2 were resistant against Verticillium. Overall, these results suggest that Ve2 may still bind the elicitor in the eLRR domain, but its C-terminal domain is not able to activate a successful defense response. Finally in Chapter 7, highlights of this thesis are discussed and placed in a broader perspective. </p
Translation and validation of the Spanish version of the Echelle de Satisfaction des Besoins Psychologiques in academic context
No full textThe aim of the present research was to translate and to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Echelle de Satisfaction des Besoins Psychologiques using a sample of 324 university students (99 males and 225 females). Results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the correlated three factor structure of the scale. Likewise, internal consistence showed evidences of reliability. The concurrent validity was tested using a structural equation model which task orientation climate predicted the three basic psychological needs and these, in turn, the intrinsic motivation. Results support preliminary the use of the Spanish version of the scale in higher education.4114050,2680,568Q3Q3Sello FECYTSCIESSC
Validation of the Spanish version of the Situational Motivation Scale (EMSI) in the educational context
No full textThe purpose of the present research was to translate into Spanish and analyze the
psychometricA properties of the Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS). The participants
were 373 undergraduate students (126 males and 247 females). Factor validity was
tested via confirmatory factor analysis. Based on factor loadings and modification indexes,
the SIMS was reduced to a 14-item model. This respecification showed adequate internal
consistency and construct validity. The multistep analysis of invariance revealed that
the factor structure of the SIMS is invariant across gender. Likewise, MANOVA revealed
that amotivation was the only significant variable across gender. Predictive validity was
assessed through path analysis. The results support the preliminary use of the Spanish
version of the SIMS for the assessment of situational motivation in education.8077990,835Q3Sello FECYTSCIESSC
Psychometric properties of the satisfaction with life scale in physical activity practitioners
No full textThe aim of this study was to translate into spanish and analyse the psychometric properties of the satisfaction with Life scale (swLs). The sample included 508 participants engaged in physical activity (275 men and 233
women) with a mean age of 34.31 years (sd = 11.85). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed evidence of construct validity, and the factorial structure of the scale was invariant with respect to gender. Furthermore, the correlations analysis showed that satisfaction with life was significantly and positively related to intrinsic motivation and physical self-concept. Finally, the results showed evidence of the instrument’s reliability and predictive validity. These results support the use of the swLs to assess satisfaction with life within the context of physical activity in adults.3042910,422Q4Sello FECYTSSC
Analysis of the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale in a sports context
No full textThe purpose of the present research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS) in sport context. The TMMS is a 24-item self-report measure that assesses perceived emotional intelligence, which is the extent to which people believe they pay attention to their emotions and are capable of distinguishing and regulating them. Participants were 368 athletes (257 male, 111 female; M age = 21.4 yr., SD = 5.5; range = 14–40). Factor validity was tested via Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Based on factor loadings, covariances, and modification indices, the TMMS was reduced to a 22-item model. This respecification showed adequate reliability and construct validity. Multistep analysis of invariance indicated that the factor structure of the TMMS is invariant across sex. Predictive validity was assessed through path analysis. The results support the use of the Spanish version of the TMMS in a sport context.4894770,439Q4SSC
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