42 research outputs found
Knowlden (Birth, 1908-11-20)
No full textAddress: 3462 Linwood Avenue5464/Pg. 128/1908/M W/Cinti, Ohio/Dr. J. E. TownsleyOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'Knipper-Koehn'
Knowlden, Mark A. (Death, 1906-04-13)
No full textAddress: 3384 Erie Ave. Hyde ParkAge at death: 65 yrs.307/Pg 54/1906/M WM/City/Dr. J. F. Townsley/Chas. Lodwich/Spring GroveOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'Knipper-Koehn'
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signalling and acquired resistance to gefitinib (ZD1839; Iressa) in human breast and prostate cancer cells
No full textDe novo and acquired resistance to the anti-tumour drug gefitinib (ZD1839; Iressa), a specific epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has been reported. We have determined whether signalling through the IGF-I receptor (IGF-1R) pathway plays a role in the gefitinib-acquired resistance phenotype. Continuous exposure of EGFR-positive MCF-7-derived tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells (TAM-R) to 1 μM gefitinib resulted in a sustained growth inhibition (90%) for 4 months before the surviving cells resumed proliferation. A stable gefitinib-resistant subline (TAM/TKI-R) was established after a further 2 months and this showed no detectable basal phosphorylated EGFR activity. Compared with the parental TAM-R cells, the TAM/ TKI-R cells demonstrated (a) elevated levels of activated IGF-1R, AKT and protein kinase C (PKC)δ, (b) an increased sensitivity to growth inhibition by the IGF-1R TKI AG1024 and (c) an increased migratory capacity that was reduced by AG1024 treatment. Similarly, the EGFR-positive androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell line DU145 was also continuously challenged with 1 μM gefitinib and, although substantial growth inhibition (60%) was seen initially, a gefitinib-resistant variant (DU145/TKI-R) developed after 3 months. Like their breast cancer counterparts, the DU145/TKI-R cells showed increases in the levels of components of the IGF-1R signalling pathway and an elevated sensitivity to growth inhibition by AG1024 compared with the parent DU145 cell line. Additionally, DU145/TKI-R cell migration was also decreased by this inhibitor. We have therefore concluded that in breast and prostate cancer cells acquired resistance to gefitinib is associated with increased signalling via the IGF-1R pathway, which also plays a role in the invasive capacity of the gefitinib-resistant phenotype
Development and validation of a theory-based instrument to assess school organizational readiness to advance implementation of the whole school, whole community, whole child model
No full textElectronic Thesis or DissertationBackground: The whole school, whole community, whole child (WSCC) model provides a framework for schools to support student health and academic achievement, however, implementation is a complex organizational change requiring the collective efforts of the school organization to be successful. Over half of all failed complex organizational change efforts, such as WSCC implementation, can be attributed to a lack of readiness. The ability to accurately assess school organizational readiness to implement the WSCC can improve preparation and processes necessary to promote successful and sustainable change. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a theory of organizational readiness for change (TORC)-based instrument to assess school organizational readiness to implement actions that support the WSCC model. Methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional study design was employed with 271 public school employees from 43 schools. An instrument was drafted which operationalized readiness to implement the WSCC as eight actions supported in the literature to facilitate effective implementation. Instrumentation consisted of face and content validity by a panel of experts, stability reliability by test-retest, internal reliability applying Cronbach’s alpha, interrater agreement and reliability applying intraclass correlations and rwg(J) index, construct validity applying confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity applying multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Measures of interrater reliability and agreement supported the aggregation of individual-level readiness perceptions to the organization level of analysis for both general change commitment (GCC) (rwg(J).uniform=0.95, rwg(J).skew=0.79, ICC1=0.43, ICC2=0.91, p<.01) and general change efficacy (GCE) (rwg(J).uniform=0.95, rwg(J).skew=0.80, ICC1=0.49, ICC2=0.93, p<.01). The final structural model exhibited reasonable fit of the data (χ2=751.93, df=295, p<.001; GFI=0.833; AGFI=0.801; NFI=0.901; CFI=0.930; RMSEA=0.076). Both GCC (β=.589, p<.001) and GCE (β=.354, p<.001) were significant predictors of change-related effort, accounting for 77% of the variance. Overall, reported change-related effort was low (M=6.07; SD=2.70) with 74% of the scores below the scale midpoint. Discussion: A valid and reliable TORC-based instrument was developed to assess school organizational readiness to advance implementation of the WSCC model. Future research may seek to examine potential moderators and mediators of the TORC constructs in order to fully operationalize the theoretical framework
A comparison of calcium gluconate and Zephiran for the treatment of dermal hydrofluoric acid exposure
No full textPlan BHydrofluoric acid (HF) is an aqueous form of hydrogen fluoride (Lewis, 1993) that typically emits a colorless or fuming irritate gas at room temperature (Hance, Solomon, Salmon, Fall, & Cass, 1997). As one of the more commonly used inorganic compounds in industry today, hydrofluoric acid is highly corrosive and will deteriorate materials such as concrete, glass, natural rubber, and metal alloys that contain silica (EPA Chemical Profile, 1987). From a worker inhalation exposure standpoint, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set inhalation limits for hydrofluoric acid at 3 ppm (2.5 mg/m3)(OSHA, 2001). Hydrofluoric acid is used in numerous applications in the semiconductor industry in the form of quartz and metal etching; but along with being very beneficial, it also has numerous disadvantages. From a dermal contact standpoint, hydrofluoric acid eventually causes a very corrosive and unique chemical burn. Upon skin contact, hydrofluoric acid causes tissue destruction by two methods. One, the unstable fluoride ions penetrate tissues and adsorb calcium and magnesium, which can lead to failure of various internal organs. Second, the hydrogen ion causes a deep corrosive burn that is slow-to-heal (American Chemical Society, 1997). Consequently, knowledge of the toxicological effects, as well as treatment methods pertaining to hydrofluoric acid exposure, are vital. From a dermal exposure standpoint, various studies have been preformed on the treatment methodologies for hydrofluoric acid exposure. Upon exposure, treatment must be administered immediately or the threat of death is substantial (Bracken, Cuppage, McLaury, Kirmin, & Klaassen, 1985). Two possible methods of treatment for skin exposure exist. The more commonly used compound is calcium gluconate, with an alternative but less-utilized organic material known as Zephiran (Dunn, MacKinnon, Knowlden, Billmaier, Derelanko, Rusch, Naas, & Dahlgen, 1992). One study indicated that the injection of calcium gluconate can be reasonably effective at neutralizing hydrofluoric acid that has penetrated bodily tissues (Dunn, et al., 1992), the chemical composition of calcium gluconate may not lend itself to topical-oriented treatment methodologies to the extent that Zephiran can
Driving after alcohol consumption is associated with insufficient sleep and insomnia among student athletes and non-athletes
No full textMobile device use while crossing the street: Utilizing the theory of planned behavior
No full textEvery year, thousands of pedestrians are killed and tens-of-thousands are nonfatally injured as a result of traffic crashes. The year 2016 holds the record for the most pedestrians killed in one year since 1990. Mobile device use while crossing the street has been associated with unsafe crossing behaviors and gait abnormalities, potentially increasing the risk of pedestrian injury or death. Expanding upon the small body of literature, the present study utilized the theory of planned behavior to guide the development of a questionnaire used to collect data from 480 adults on predictors of intentions to use a mobile device while crossing the street. Questionnaire development involved one round of expert panel review (N = 4), subsequent pilot testing of a revised questionnaire, and a test-retest reliability assessment. Results demonstrate that attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control significantly predicted the intention to use a mobile device while crossing the street in this population. Such a questionnaire can be used in the design and evaluation of TPB-based inter-ventions to decrease distracted mobile device use while crossing the street
Distracted mobile device use among street-crossing college student pedestrians: an observational approach
No full textObjective To estimate the incidence of mobile device use among street-crossing pedestrians and explore differences by sex and intersection type at a large public South-eastern university in the United States. Participants All instances of campus pedestrians crossing the street during the observation period (N = 4,878). Methods Video recordings of crosswalk activity at four locations were analyzed for pedestrian use of a mobile device while crossing. Results Device use while crossing was observed 1,201 (24.6%) times. Of male crossing instances, 277 (16.8%) were coded as using a device. Of female instances, 924 (28.6%) were coded as using a device. Differences in device use while crossing were found between sexes and some intersection types. Conclusions This study estimates mobile device use while crossing the street and suggests differences by sex and intersection type. Future research should focus on improving understanding of the problem and evaluation of interventions to address the issue
