436 research outputs found
Book review: we are data: algorithms and the making of our digital selves by John Cheney-Lippold
No full textIn We Are Data: Algorithms and the Making of Our Digital Selves, John Cheney-Lippold examines how algorithms increasingly interpret and influence our behaviour. With the author concluding with some pragmatic suggestions for challenging the digital status quo, Daniel Zwi welcomes the book for both capably elucidating the problem of algorithimic regulation and forearming us to tackle this issue
Strong and deep Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the last glacial cycle
No full textExtreme, abrupt Northern Hemisphere climate oscillations during the last glacial cycle (140,000 years ago to present) were modulated by changes in ocean circulation and atmospheric forcing1. However, the variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), which has a role in controlling heat transport from low to high latitudes and in ocean CO2 storage, is still poorly constrained beyond the Last Glacial Maximum2, 3, 4. Here we show that a deep and vigorous overturning circulation mode has persisted for most of the last glacial cycle, dominating ocean circulation in the Atlantic, whereas a shallower glacial mode with southern-sourced waters filling the deep western North Atlantic prevailed during glacial maxima3, 5. Our results are based on a reconstruction of both the strength and the direction of the AMOC during the last glacial cycle from a highly resolved marine sedimentary record in the deep western North Atlantic. Parallel measurements of two independent chemical water tracers (the isotope ratios of 231Pa/230Th and 143Nd/144Nd)6, 7, 8, which are not directly affected by changes in the global cycle, reveal consistent responses of the AMOC during the last two glacial terminations. Any significant deviations from this configuration, resulting in slowdowns of the AMOC, were restricted to centennial-scale excursions during catastrophic iceberg discharges of the Heinrich stadials. Severe and multicentennial weakening of North Atlantic Deep Water formation occurred only during Heinrich stadials close to glacial maxima with increased ice coverage, probably as a result of increased fresh-water input. In contrast, the AMOC was relatively insensitive to submillennial meltwater pulses during warmer climate states, and an active AMOC prevailed during Dansgaard–Oeschger interstadials (Greenland warm periods)
Increasing Reproducibility in IR: Findings from the Dagstuhl Seminar on "Reproducibility of Data-Oriented Experiments in e-Science"
No full textSap Flow and Water Consumption of Captain Cook Tree [Cascabela thevetia (l.) Lippold].
No full textA two-year field study documented the diurnal and nocturnal sap flow rates and water consumption of young (YCC), adult (ACC) and mature (MCC) Captain Cook trees [Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold] that were invading a riparian habitat in northern Queensland. For comparison, two native trees [black tea tree (Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell.) and Moreton Bay ash (Corymbia tessellaris (F.Muell.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson)] growing in association with Captain Cook tree were also monitored. Sap flow measurements were grouped into eight timeframes per day (early morning, late morning, early afternoon, late afternoon, early night, late night, early dawn and late dawn). Significant interactions in sap flow rate occurred between plant types, timeframes, and months. The magnitude of sap flow rate was Moreton Bay ash (YCC,ACC) and black tea tree(MCC). Maximum sap flow rates tended to occur during early (1-3 pm) to mid-afternoon (4-6 pm) for all age groups of Captain Cook tree and the two native trees. Diurnal sap flow rates were significantly greater than nocturnal, and on a monthly basis sap flow rates were highest over the spring to autumn period (September-May) and lowest during winter (June–August). Significant differences in water consumption also occurred between species and months. Water consumption peak time varied between plant types with most plants peaking in January except for MCC and Moreton Bay ash trees for which peak water consumption occurred in June and July respectively. Water consumption was high across all seasons except winter. The magnitude of water consumption was Moreton Bay ash, black tea tree (YCC,ACC,MCC trees). Moreton Bay ash registered maximal monthly water consumption (4700 L) compared with minimal consumption by MCC trees (55 L). On average, Captain Cook trees used 99% and 72% less water than Moreton Bay ash and black tea trees respectively. The significantly lower water consumption by Captain Cook trees compared with Moreton Bay ash and black tea trees may be offset by high population densities. Results also suggest that knowledge of optimal sap flow timeframes may be advantageous in exploring optimal timing for application of control operations related to management of Captain Cook trees
Modeling And Characterization Of As-welded Microstructure Of Solid Solution Strengthened Ni-cr-fe Alloys Resistant To Ductility-dip Cracking Part I: Numerical Modeling
No full textThis work aims the numerical modeling and characterization of as-welded microstructure of Ni-Cr-Fe alloys with additions of Nb, Mo and Hf as a key to understand their proven resistance to ductility-dip cracking. Part I deals with as-welded structure modeling, using experimental alloying ranges and Calphad methodology. Model calculates kinetic phase transformations and partitioning of elements during weld solidification using a cooling rate of 100 K.s -1, considering their consequences on solidification mode for each alloy. Calculated structures were compared with experimental observations on as-welded structures, exhibiting good agreement. Numerical calculations estimate an increase by three times of mass fraction of primary carbides precipitation, a substantial reduction of mass fraction of M23C6 precipitates and topologically closed packed phases (TCP), a homogeneously intradendritic distribution, and a slight increase of interdendritic Molybdenum distribution in these alloys. Incidences of metallurgical characteristics of modeled as-welded structures on desirable characteristics of Ni-based alloys resistant to DDC are discussed here. © 2014 The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.202297305Arkoosh, M.A., Fiore, N.F., (1972) Metall. Trans., 3, p. 2235. , 10.1007/BF02643237Yeniscavich, W., (1966) Weld. J., 45, pp. 344sHemsworth, B., Boniszewski, T., Eaton, N.F., (1969) Met. Constr. Br. Weld. J., 1, p. 5Rhines, F.N., Wray, P.J., (1961) Trans. ASM., 54, p. 117Abralov, M.A., Abdurakhmanov, R.U., (1974) Automation Welding, 27, p. 7Haddrill, D.M., Baker, R.G., (1965) Br. Weld J., 12, p. 411Ramirez, A.J., Lippold, J.C., (2004) Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 380, p. 259. , 10.1016/j.msea.2004.03.074Noecker, I.I.F.F., Dupont, J.N., (2009) Weld. J., 88, pp. 7sYoung, G.A., Capobianco, T.E., Penik, M.A., Morris, B.W., McGee, J.J., (2008) Weld. J., 87, pp. 31sCollins, M.G., Ramirez, A.J., Lippold, J.C., (2004) Weld. J., 83, pp. 39sNishimoto, K., Saida, K., Okauchi, H., (2006) Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 11, p. 471. , 10.1179/174329306X94318Nishimoto, K., Saida, K., Okauchi, H., (2006) Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 11, p. 462. , 10.1179/174329306X94309Nippes, E.F., Savage, W.F., Bystram, B.J., (1955) Weld. J., 23, pp. 183sNissley, N.E., Lippold, J.C., (2008) Weld. J., 87, pp. 257sChabenat, A., Pierron, D., Thomas, A., Faure, F., Guyon, C., (2004), Appl. No. 10/639,680. United States Patent Pub. No. US 2004/0115086 A1, June 17Kiser, S.D., Zhang, R., Baker, B.A., (2009) Proc. 8th Int. Conf. of Trends in Welding Research, p. 639Ramirez, A.J., Sowards, J.W., Lippold, J.C., (2006) J. of Mat. Proces. Tech., 179, p. 212. , 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.095Ramirez, A.J., Lippold, J.C., (2004) Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 25, p. 245. , 10.1016/j.msea.2004.03.075Nissley, N.E., Lippold, J.C., (2009) Weld. J., 88, pp. 131sTorres, E.A., Caram, R., Ramirez, A.J., (2010) Mater. Sci. Forum, 638-642, p. 2858. , 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.638-642.2858Unfried, J., Ramirez, A.J., (2012) Mater. Sci. Forum, 706-709, p. 945. , 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.706-709.945Unfried, J., Torres, E.A., Ramirez, A.J., (2011) Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds III, p. 295. , 1st ed. Springer-Verlag Berlin 10.1007/978-3-642-16864-2-15Saunders, N., Fahrmann, M., Small, C.J., (2000) Proc. 9th Int. Symp. of Superalloys 2000, pp. 803-811. , 10.7449/2000/Superalloys-2000-803-811Saunders, N., (1996) Proc. 8th Int. Symp. of Superalloys 1996, p. 115. , PA, USA (eds. R.D.K. Kissinger et al.)Engström, A., Höglund, L., Ågren, J., (1994) Metall. Mat. Trans. A, 25, p. 1127. , 10.1007/BF02652288Kaufman, L., Nesor, H., (1974) Metall. Mat. Trans. A, 5, p. 1617. , 10.1007/BF02646333Ramirez, A.J., Garzón, C.M., (2008) Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds II, p. 427. , 1st ed. Springer-Verlag Berlin 10.1007/978-3-540-78628-3-22Saunders, N., Li, X., Miodownik, A.P., Schillé, J.-P., (2004) J. Mater. Sci., 39, p. 7237. , 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000048737.32055.7aHou, Q.Y., He, Y.Z., Zhang, Q.A., Gao, J.S., (2007) Mater. Des., 28, p. 1982. , 10.1016/j.matdes.2006.04.005Zimina, L.N., Burova, N.N., Makushok, O.V., (1986) Met. Sci. Heat Treat., 28, p. 130. , 10.1007/BF00717535Dahl, J.M., Danesi, W.F., Dunn, R.G., (1973) Metall. Trans., 4, p. 1087. , 10.1007/BF02645612Unfried, J., Fonseca, S.E.B., Afonso, C.M.R., Ramirez, A.J., (2010) Mathematical Modelling of Weld Phenomena 9, pp. 983-996Kraft, T., Exner, H.E., (1998) Mater. Sci. Technol., 14, p. 377. , 10.1179/mst.1998.14.5.377Raghavan, M., Mueller, R., Vaughn, G.A., Floreen, S., (1984) Metall. Mat. Trans. A., 15, p. 783. , 10.1007/BF02644553Perricone, M.J., Dupont, J.N., (2006) Metall. Trans. A, 37, p. 1267. , 10.1007/s11661-006-1078-7(2009) Technical Bulletin of Inconel Alloy 690, , PCC Energy GroupRadrakrisnha, C., Prasad-Rao, K., (1997) J. Mater. Sci., 32, p. 1977. , 10.1023/A:101854191511
Neues Handbuch des verstandigen Gartners, oder, Neue Umarbeitung des Taschenbuchs des verstandigen Gartners von 1824. Aus dem Franzosischen des Almanach du bon jardinier von 1825 bis 1828 frei ubersetzt
No full textMode of access: Internet
Seed ecology of Captain Cook tree [Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold] - germination and longevity
No full textCascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold (Apocynaceae), commonly known as Captain Cook tree or yellow oleander, has established large infestations in riparian areas along several creeks and rivers in northern Queensland. To better understand the ecology of C. thevetia and the implications for its spread and management, this study reports seven experiments related to the seed ecology of its yellow and peach biotypes. We quantified its germination response to ambient (Experiment 1a and 1b), alternating and constant temperature (Experiment 2a and 2b) regimes and exposure to different light conditions (Experiment 3). Seed longevity under two soil types, two levels of pasture cover and three burial depths was also determined (Experiment 4a and 4b).Both loose seeds and seeds still within pods (kernels) of the two biotypes of C. thevetia were able to germinate in all months of the year in northern Queensland, irrespective of the large differences in monthly ambient temperatures experienced at the Charters Towers study site. Both biotypes also germinated across a wide range of alternating day/night temperatures from 16/128 degrees C to 47/378 degrees C and constant temperatures from 178 degrees C to 44.08 degrees C. Germination of the two biotypes was significantly greater (4-fold) and faster (7 days earlier) under shade than under natural light conditions. Over all biotypes, soil types, levels of pasture cover and burial depths, no seeds of C. thevetia remained viable after 2 years: longevity was much less in many circumstances.The results demonstrate that C. thevetia seeds can germinate over a wide temperature range, whereas the ability of seed to remain viable at low temperatures highlights the potential for expansion of its current potential distribution towards southern latitudes of the Australian continent. Across all experimental conditions, the yellow biotype displayed superior seed germination and viability traits compared with the peach biotype. Seed banks of the peach and yellow biotypes of C. thevetia are short-lived (2 years), which may be exploited when developing management strategies to reduce its impacts
Seed fall, seed predation, twigging and litter fall of Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold
No full textCascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold is a garden ornamental in northern Australia and two biotypes, the peach and the yellow, are recognised. In some areas it has naturalised and now has environmental and economic effects. As part of a broader research program into the ecology of C. thevetia, a field study was undertaken in northern Queensland to quantify seed fall and seed predation (by avian wildlife) of the peach biotype. The amount of twigging caused by birds while they fed on the seeds and the level of litter production were also recorded. Seed fall, seed predation, twigging and litter production occurred in all months of the year. Seed fall increased slowly over late spring and summer before peaking in mid-to late autumn (April-May) and then declining until October. Mean (+/- s.e.m.) estimated total annual seed fall was 19 140 +/- 2880 and 17 030 +/- 2930 seeds ha(-1) in the first and second years respectively. Seed predation by birds was substantial, with 57% of all seeds predated. Birds also chewed an average of 600 twigs ha(-1) year(-1). Litter production varied from 430 to 950 kg dry weight (DW) ha(-1) month(-1). In total, 7900 +/- 640 and 7390 +/- 1420 kg (DW) litter was produced during the first and second years respectively. Although seed production of C. thevetia is less than a lot of other rangeland weeds, seed predation by birds further reduces the number of seeds entering the soil seed bank. The stem damage that occurred in conjunction with seed predation contributed to overall litter production and warrants further investigation in terms of its effect on plant growth
J Travel Med
No full textBackgroundDuring spring 2014, two large influenza outbreaks occurred among cruise ship passengers and crew on trans-hemispheric itineraries.MethodsPassenger and crew information for both ships was obtained from components of the ship medical records. Data included demographics, diagnosis of influenza-like illness (ILI) or acute respiratory illness (ARI), illness onset date, passenger cabin number, crew occupation, influenza vaccination history, and rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT) result, if performed.ResultsIn total, 3.7% of passengers and 3.1% of crew on Ship A had medically attended acute respiratory illness (MAARI). On Ship B, 6.2% of passengers and 4.7% of crew had MAARI. In both outbreaks, passengers reported illness prior to the ship\u2019s departure. Influenza activity was low in the places of origin of the majority of passengers and both ships\u2019 ports of call. The median age of affected passengers on both ships was 70 years. Diagnostic testing revealed three different co-circulating influenza viruses [influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H3N2), and influenza B] on Ship A and one circulating influenza virus (influenza B) on Ship B. Both ships voluntarily reported the outbreaks to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and implemented outbreak response plans including isolation of sick individuals and antiviral treatment and prophylaxis.ConclusionsInfluenza activity can become widespread during cruise ship outbreaks and can occur outside of traditional influenza seasons. Comprehensive outbreak prevention and control plans, including prompt antiviral treatment and prophylaxis, may mitigate the impact of influenza outbreaks on cruise ships.20152016-09-01T00:00:00ZCC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States26031322PMC4869710873
Morgen- und Abend-Andachten frommer Christen auf alle Tage im Jahr
No full textTitelblatt in Rot- und SchwarzdruckDie Rückseite des Titelblatts ist unbedrucktDas Frontispiz sowie die Illustrationen sind Kupferstiche. Das Frontispiz ist ein Porträt Starcks, unterzeichnet: "F. Lippoldt. pinxit." und "A. Reinhardt. del. et. sc. Francofurt. 1750.", die restlichen Illustrationen (Monatskupfer) sind außerdem unterzeichnet: "Groot del."Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Franckfurt und Leipzig, bey W. L. Springs sel. Erben und J. Gottl. Garbe. 1750
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