21,326 research outputs found
Developments and application of neutron noise diagnostics of sodium cooled fast reactors
No full textThe Sodium cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is one of the six reactor types selected by the Generation-IV international forum (GIF), and the building of an industrial prototype is planned in France. The safety standard of the future SFR has to be equivalent to the EPR's. The general improvement of the safety of the new reactor goes through the examination of all the potentially harmful scenarios and both the study and monitoring of early signs.
The mechanical deformations of the core can have harmful consequences in sodium fast reactors, such as unexpected power variations due to the reactivity increase in case of core compaction, or the excessive deterioration of the mechanical structures. The monitoring of such phenomena and of their potential early signs is then needed. The monitoring of such phenomena can be done with neutron detectors placed inside and outside the tank.
This PhD thesis deals with the study of the neutron noise generated by the periodic deformation of the SFR core, restricted to the so-called core compaction or core flowering phenomenon, a deformation consisting in the variation of the inter-assembly sodium width by a radial bending the assemblies (the assemblies in SFR are held by the base). The PhD thesis has been performed within collaboration between CEA (France) and Chalmers Institute of Technology (Sweden). The work realized during the thesis led to the publication of 3 articles as first author and another as second author.
This work has embraced the following topics:
A state of the art of the monitoring of the core deformation phenomenon by interpretation of the noise measurements in SFR has been done. The PHENIX reactor multi physics measurements database has been scrutinized to provide an interpretation of the neutron noise bringing out mechanical vibration phenomena. An important conclusion was that the lack of theoretical knowledge about the neutron noise induced by the vibration phenomenon and the ill positioning of the neutron detectors are the key points limiting the capacities of interpretation of noise measurements.\newline
The collaboration with the Chalmers team has allowed the improvement of a calculation code solving the neutron noise equations (CORESIM). The work has started with the use of an earlier version of CORESIM code for thermal reactors and the study of the noise induced by the statistical fluctuations of the coolant temperature. That work led to a publication in Annal of Nuclear Energy. I took part in the adaptation of the CORESIM code to the specificities of fast reactors and its application to a working version of a SFR.
The modeling of the core flowering phenomenon and the direct application of the code on the CP-ESFR core case were carried out. The reactivity impact specific to the CP-ESFR core was calculated for two models of core deformations. The neutron noise induced by the modeled deformation has been then calculated. The energy, space and frequency dependence of the neutron noise has been analyzed and will contribute to the instrumentation positioning question. It comes out that such phenomena could be monitored by placing several detectors outside of the core along the same axial channel at several heights. It would also be doable to identify the noise signature by the axial noise profile. One can note that the relative noise is significantly higher at the top fuel height than in the lower fuel height. This work could be continued by designing a neutron instrumentation dedicated to the core monitoring using the proposed neutron noise technique
Chalmers Environmental Initiative Progress Report 2001
No full textThe Board of the Chalmers University of Technology
Foundation decided in 1999 to invest SEK 100
million in a strategic investment in the environment
with a special focus on environmental systems analysis.
This investment was entitled The Chalmers
Environmental Initiative (CEI). Through this
environmental initiative Chalmers has acquired a
prominent international position within environmental
systems analysis.
CEI is the result of the active research and education
that has taken place at Chalmers over the past 10
years. A broad base in combination with leading
edge technology presented the opportunity to create
a very strong research programme based on
interaction between the various schools at Chalmers.
As CEI is integrated into undergraduate and
doctoral programmes at Chalmers, engineers,
architects and doctoral students have access, within
the framework of their studies, to research-based
environmental education with a focus on a
sustainable society. CEI also co-operates with other
parties, such as industry, politicians, various organisations
and the general public, as a further means of
contributing to sustainable development in society.
Within CEI, seven new professors have been
appointed within the following areas:
Management for Sustainability
Rolf Wolff, 1 June 2000
Environmental Systems Technology
Anne-Marie Tillman, 1 September 2000
Sustainable Industrial Metabolism
Christian Azar, 1 September 2000
Global Environmental Measurements
Donal Murtagh, 1 November 2000
Green Chemistry
William J. Frederick Jr, 1 August 2001
Sustainable Energy Systems
Filip Johnsson, preliminary 1 October 2001
Design for Sustainable Urban Development
Vacant: interviews during April 2001
The four professors appointed in 2000 are presented
in this report as well as their declaration of intent
for the next few years. At present, the CEI professors
are involved with approximately 40 universities,
institutes and industrial partners in the form of
project co-operation and joint publications. The four
professors have the greater proportion of their
environmental research funded through external
grants, compared to CEI. The proportion of faculty
funds and other internal Chalmers funds is at present
very low. A summary of the financing structure
is also included in this report.
During 2001, various forms of co-operation were
initiated between the professors, such as joint project
plans, doctoral students, courses and graduate
schools. During autumn 2001, a residential seminar
is planned for discussions within CEI as well as an
open presentation of the project and the professors.
This major in-house focus on environmental research
has attracted attention externally and contributed
to the opening up of new potential in combination
with increased expectations. Since May 1, 2000,
Chalmers has been a member of the Alliance for
Global Sustainability (AGS), an association of some
of the world’s foremost universities in the
environmental field. AGS and other platforms form
the basis for international research collaboration.
CEI and other environmental activities have led to
spin-off effects and contributed to increased interest
in Chalmers as an environmental university.
Chalmers and Göteborg University were, for
example, jointly awarded the King Carl XVI Gustaf
visiting professorship in environmental science for
2001-2002 and Margot Wallström received an
honorary doctorate from Chalmers in 2001. A large
number of well-known environmental researchers
have also visited Chalmers to take part in
conferences and seminars, including the winners of
the Volvo Environmental Award for 2000 and the
winner of the City of Göteborg International
Environmental Award for 2000
Chalmers, J S, TX2150
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/376552Surname: CHALMERS
Given Name(s) or Initials: J S
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: TX2150
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 30736189540
Item: [2016.0049.08857] "Chalmers, J S, TX2150
Promoting constructive aligment in engineering education at Chalmers
No full textThe project that this paper refers to focused on an engineering education degree offered by the Chalmers University of Technology, situated in Gothenburg on the west coast of Sweden. Chalmers has the reputation of being one of Scandinavia’s best technical univer-sities and is particularly strong in the research area. However, in recent years it has come under fire for perceived shortcomings in the area of pedagogy (Medun, 2000) and gender awareness (Göteborg Posten, 2001). In response to this criticism, Chalmers embarked on an ambitious educational reform program: the Chalmers Strategic Effort on Learning and Teaching, or the C-SELT project (Olsson et al., 2001).Chalmers set aside SEK 50 million over five years for pedagogical projects. A consulta-tion process using external experts such as John Bowden, co-author of The University of Learning, identified several areas that stakeholders at Chalmers believed were a priority. Assessment of learning was one of them. Gender equity was another. In the first round of C-SELT, 22 projects were funded (for an overview of aims and results, see Adawi, 2003). The second author of this paper led a project called “Appropriate ways of assessing student learning”. It was a project that involved teachers and students from every section in Chalmers. A series of case studies provided examples of best practice in assessment and argued for more continuous and more varied forms of assessment at Chalmers (Christie and Nordlund, 2001). The final report of this project made a number of recommendations for future action. One of them was that in the second phase of C-SELT a special project should look at the extent to which the curriculum at Chalmers was constructively aligned. That recommendation was acted upon. This paper details some of the results of a project that is led by the first author of this paper, and called “The constructive alignment of teaching and learning at Chalmers”
Promoting constructive aligment in engineering education at Chalmers
No full textThe project that this paper refers to focused on an engineering education degree offered by the Chalmers University of Technology, situated in Gothenburg on the west coast of Sweden. Chalmers has the reputation of being one of Scandinavia’s best technical univer-sities and is particularly strong in the research area. However, in recent years it has come under fire for perceived shortcomings in the area of pedagogy (Medun, 2000) and gender awareness (Göteborg Posten, 2001). In response to this criticism, Chalmers embarked on an ambitious educational reform program: the Chalmers Strategic Effort on Learning and Teaching, or the C-SELT project (Olsson et al., 2001).
Chalmers set aside SEK 50 million over five years for pedagogical projects. A consulta-tion process using external experts such as John Bowden, co-author of The University of Learning, identified several areas that stakeholders at Chalmers believed were a priority. Assessment of learning was one of them. Gender equity was another. In the first round of C-SELT, 22 projects were funded (for an overview of aims and results, see Adawi, 2003). The second author of this paper led a project called “Appropriate ways of assessing student learning”. It was a project that involved teachers and students from every section in Chalmers. A series of case studies provided examples of best practice in assessment and argued for more continuous and more varied forms of assessment at Chalmers (Christie and Nordlund, 2001). The final report of this project made a number of recommendations for future action. One of them was that in the second phase of C-SELT a special project should look at the extent to which the curriculum at Chalmers was constructively aligned. That recommendation was acted upon. This paper details some of the results of a project that is led by the first author of this paper, and called “The constructive alignment of teaching and learning at Chalmers”
Thinking Just Happens: An Interview with David Chalmers, PhD
No full textDavid Chalmers is a professor of philosophy and neural science at New York University. He received his PhD in philosophy and cognitive science from Indiana University in 1993 and has held positions at University of California, Santa Cruz, University of Arizona, and Australian National University. He helped to found the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness and co-directs the PhilPapers Foundation. Chalmers has written extensively on a wide range of topics, including philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, epistemology, and metaphilosophy. He is a prolific author. His well-known works include The Conscious Mind, The Character of Consciousness, and Constructing the World. For more information about Chalmers and his current projects, visit http://consc.net/
El problema de la conciencia
No full textilustracionesEn el presente volumen de Ciencia al Viento presentamos a nuestros lectores el artículo El problema de la consciencia, del profesor David J. Chalmers.
Este artículo del profesor Chalmers ofrece una descripción del problema de la conciencia que es la de un experto atrevido, la de un experto con una visión novedosa acerca del tema. (texto tomado de la fuente
Robert J. Chalmers: Pioneer Surficial Geologist
No full textMost Quaternary geologists working in Atlantic Canada view Robert J. Chalmers’ investigations of the surficial geology of New Brunswick for the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) as seminal contributions. Yet, the fullest biographical information available for Chalmers is a 7-page typescript by E.R. Faribault of the GSC, held at Natural Resources Canada Library in Ottawa. Therefore, it appeared necessary to bring Chalmers’ little-known life, and the variety of his surficial geologic investigations, into the mainstream. Lists of Chalmers’ published works in GSC reports and in periodicals are compiled from all available sources.
SOMMAIRE
La plupart des géologues du Quaternaire au Canada atlantique voient les études de Robert J. Chalmers sur ‘la géologie en surface’ de Nouveau Brunswick pour le Commission géologique du Canada comme des ouevres séminales. Mais, l’information biographique le plus pleine de Chalmers est un texte bref dactylographié par E.R. Faribault du CGC, tenue à la bibliothèque du Département des Richesses naturelles canadienne à Ottawa. Donc, il apparait nécessaire à porter au premier plan sa vie mal-connue, et le variété de ses oeuvres. Aussi, listes des oeuvres de Chalmers pour le CGC et dans les journaux scientifiques sont ici présen-tent des sources disponsible
Chalmers, D. J., Constructing the World [Reseña]
No full textReseña de la obra de Chalmers, D. J., Constructing the World,
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012, 494 pp
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