1,721,019 research outputs found
UniBA @ KIPoS: A hybrid approach for part-of-speech tagging
No full textThe Part of Speech tagging operation is becoming increasingly important as it represents the starting point for other high-level operations such as Speech Recognition, Machine Translation, Parsing and Information Retrieval. Although the accuracy of state-of-the-art POS-taggers reach a high level of accuracy (around 96-97%) it cannot yet be considered a solved problem because there are many variables to take into account. For example, most of these systems use lexical knowledge to assign a tag to unknown words. The task solution proposed in this work is based on a hybrid tagger, which doesn't use any prior lexical knowledge, consisting of two different types of POS-taggers used sequentially: HMM tagger and RDRPOSTagger [ (Nguyen et al., 2014), (Nguyen et al., 2016)]. We trained the hybrid model using the Development set and the combination of Development and Silver sets. The results have shown an accuracy of 0,8114 and 0,8100 respectively for the main task
On the Stabilizing Effect of Aspartate and Glutamate and Its Counteraction by Common Denaturants
No full text: By performing differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurements on RNase A, we studied the stabilization provided by the addition of potassium aspartate(KAsp) or potassium glutamate (KGlu) and found that it leads to a significant increase in the denaturation temperature of the protein. The stabilization proves to be mainly entropic in origin. A counteraction of the stabilization provided by KAsp or KGlu is obtained by adding common denaturants such as urea, guanidinium chloride, or guanidinium thiocyanate. A rationalization of the experimental data is devised on the basis of a theoretical approach developed by one of the authors. The main contribution to the conformational stability of globular proteins comes from the gain in translational entropy of water and co-solute ions and/or molecules for the decrease in solvent-excluded volume associated with polypeptide folding (i.e., there is a large decrease in solvent-accessible surface area). The magnitude of this entropic contribution increases with the number density and volume packing density of the solution. The two destabilizing contributions come from the conformational entropy of the chain, which should not depend significantly on the presence of co-solutes, and from the direct energetic interactions between co-solutes and the protein surface in both the native and denatured states. It is the magnitude of the latter that discriminates between stabilizing and destabilizing agents
Automatic Stopwords Identification from Very Small Corpora
No full textNatural Language Processing tools use language-specific linguistic resources, that might be unavailable for many languages. Since manually building them is complex, it would be desirable to learn these resources automatically from sample texts. In this paper we focus on stopwords, i.e., terms which are not relevant to understand the topic and content of a document. Specifically, we compare the performance of different techniques proposed in the literature when applied to very small corpora (even single documents), as may be the case for very local languages lacking a wide literature. Experiments show that simple term-frequency is an extremely reliable indicator, that outperforms other more complex approaches. While the study is conducted on Italian, the approach is generic and applicable to other languages
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The waiting room as a relational space: The experience of children and parents in a day hospital.
No full textIntroduction:Waiting in hospital is a condition of high stress for patients and theirfamilies, especially in childhood. The literature has investigated theemotional experiences of patients and their families, recognizing theneed for a comfortable environment, attention from the staff,information and sharing emotions with others (Bournes & Mitchell,2002; Kutash & Northrop, 2007). Pedro da Silva and colleagues (2007)have pointed out that playing in the waiting room is an opportunityfor small patients to express and elaborate negative emotions, suchas anxiety and fear. This exploratory study investigates theexperience of waiting children and their families go through duringtreatment in a Day Hospital. First, it aims to examine the youngpatients’ emotional state and the families’ representations ofwaiting; the study also intends to explore whether the waiting timespent in a Day Hospital can be used as an opportunity to express andelaborate emotions, and to relate with others.Methods:Fifty children, aged between 7 and 15 years, who were admitted to aDay Hospital of a Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ward of anItalian Hospital, completed the Emotional Reaction Instrument (Kimet al., 2012) and the Child Drawing: Hospital (Clatworth, Simon &Tiedeman, 1999). Their parents completed a demographicquestionnaire (Kim et al., 2012) and a semi‐structured interview onwaiting (Kutash & Northrop, 2007).Results:The qualitative analysis showed that parents experience waiting inthe Day Hospital as a moment of boredom, anxiety and concern forthe emotional state of their children. This condition is alleviated bygood relationships with the health care professionals, who arewelcoming and a source of emotional support. They would like moreentertainment activities. The patients showed a low level of anxietyand negative emotions; children (aged 7‐10) experienced highanxiety.Discussion:The data confirmed the literature on children’s and parents’ needs inthe waiting room and emphasized the role of the relationships andcommunication with health professionals in order to improve theperception of the quality of care service (Corsano et al., 2013)
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