1,355,227 research outputs found
Negotiating marriage and divorce in Accra : Muslim women's experiences.
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.This thesis sets out to investigate Muslim women’s marital experiences in Accra, Ghana, West Africa. In particular, these experiences had to do with negotiating marriage and divorce. It included the broad marital relations like decision-making, roles and responsibilities, and the management and responses of marital disputes and abuse. I used a qualitative method in this research. I interviewed twelve Muslim women in Accra who provided me with their perspectives, experiences and responses of socio-religious norms concerning gender roles. In addition, they shared their experiences and perspectives on wife abuse and their consequent reactions and management of wife abuse
Les partis politiques de l'opposition en Afrique
No full text"L’ouvrage d’Issaka K. Souaré est un véritable tour de force intellectuel sur un sujet important, mais paradoxalement peu étudié. En adoptant une perspective théorique alliant jeux d’acteurs et cadres institutionnels, il retrace l’histoire des partis politiques africains depuis la période coloniale tout en offrant une analyse documentée et contextualisée des dynamiques électorales récentes, avec un accent particulier sur les partis d’opposition."
Mamoudou Gazibo Professeur de science politique, Université de Montréal.
Issaka K. Souaré est spécialiste des questions de gouvernance, de paix et de sécurité en Afrique. Il a notamment travaillé comme Conseiller spécial du Haut représentant de l’Union africaine pour le Mali et le Sahel. Il a écrit, entre autres, Guerres civiles et coups d’État en Afrique de l’Ouest (Paris, 2007) et Africa in the United Nations System, 1945-2005 (Londres, 2006)
Facteurs de risque et profil evolutif a court terme de l’asphyxie perinatale a la maternite Issaka Gazobi de Niamey (Niger)
No full textIntroduction: L’asphyxie périnatale de diagnostic clinique facile, constitue l’une des principales causes évitables de décès néonatal précoce dans les pays en développement. Le but de ce travail était d’étudier les facteurs de risque et le profil évolutif à court terme de l’asphyxie périnatale à la maternité Issaka Gazobi de Niamey.Patients et méthodes: Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective de type cas-témoins réalisée au service de néonatologie de la maternité Issaka Gazobi de Niamey de mars à octobre 2016. L’étude a concerné les nouveau-nés nés à la maternité et hospitalisés au service de Néonatologie. Pour chaque cas d’asphyxie nous avons apparié un témoin ayant présenté une bonne adaptation à la vie extra-utérine. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide du logiciel SPSS version 21 et Epi info 3.5.4. Le test de Chi2 et le test exact de Fisher étaient utilisés avec un seuil de significativité de 5%.Résultats: L’incidence de l’APN était de 4,85%. Les facteurs de risque sociodémographiques des mères identifiés étaient le manque de revenu (p=0,00003) et l’analphabétisme (p=0,0004). Parmi les antécédents maternels, la grande multiparité était le facteur identifié (p=0,03). Les facteurs de risque à l’admission étaient le statut de référée des mères (p=0,0006), la menace d’accouchement prématuré (p=0,0007) et l’absence de suivi de grossesse (p=0,03). Les facteurs liés à la grossesse étaient l’anomalie des bruits du coeur foetal (p=0,006), l’hématome retro-placentaire (p=0,01), le placenta prævia (p=0,01) et la gémellité (p=0,006). Pour le mode d’accouchement, il s’agissait des extractions instrumentales (p=0,009) et la voie basse simple (p=0,000). Les facteurs néonataux étaient le faible poids de naissance (p=0). La majorité (88%) tait au stade 1 de Sarnat. Le taux de létalité était de 19% et 3,5% étaient sortis avec des séquelles neurologiques.Conclusion: L’asphyxie périnatale reste une pathologie grave de part sa forte létalité au service de Néonatologie de la maternité Issaka Gazobi de Niamey. Plusieurs facteurs de risque étaient identifiés dont la pauvreté, l’analphabétisme, l’absence de suivi de la grossesse, l’hématome retro placentaire et les extractions instrumentales. La prévention reste l’élément essentiel pour l’atteinte des objectifs du développement durable.
Mots clés: Asphyxie périnatale, facteurs de risque, MIG, Niger
English Abstract:
Risk factors and short-term evolving profile of perinatal asphyxia at the Issaka Gazobi maternity hospital of Niamey (Niger)
Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia of easy clinical diagnosis is one of the main preventable causes of early neonatal death in developing countries. The aim of this work was to study the risk factors and the short-term evolutionary profile of perinatal asphyxia at the Issaka Gazobi maternity hospital in Niamey.Patients and methods: This was a prospective case-control study at the Neonatology Department of the Issaka Gazoby maternity hospital of Niamey from March to October 2016. The study concerned neonates born and hospitalized in the service. For each case of asphyxia, we matched a control with good adaptation. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and Epi info 3.5.4. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used with a significance level of 5%.Results: The incidence of perinatal asphyxia was 4.85%. The socio-demographic risk factors of mothers were lack of income (p = 0.00003) and illiteracy (p = 0.0004). Among maternal antecedents, large multiparity was the factor identified (p = 0.03). The risk factors at admission were the status of mothers referred (p = 0.0006), the premature delivery threats (p = 0.0007) and the absence of prenatal consultation (p = 0.03). Pregnancy-related factors were abnormal fetal heart sounds (p = 0.006), retro-placental hematoma (p = 0.01), placenta previa (p = 0.01), and twinning (p = 0.01). For the delivery mode, these were instrumental extractions (p = 0.009) and vaginal delivery (p = 0.000). Neonatal factors were low birth weight (p = 0). The majority (88%) were in stage 1 of Sarnat. The lethality rate was 19% and 3.5% had come out with neurological damage.Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia remains a serious pathology because of its high lethality in the service of Neonatology of maternity Issaka Gazobi of Niamey. Several risk factors including poverty, illiteracy, poor prenatal consultation, retro placental hematoma and instrumental extractions were identified. Prevention remains the essential element for achieving the objectives of sustainable development.
Keywords: Perinatal asphyxia, risk factors, MIG, Nige
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Data on the effects of multiparty democracy and social cohesion on human development in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThis freely accessible repository contains the data underlying the results of a study on the effects on multiparty democracy, social cohesion, and their interaction on human development in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also contains some information about the data sources, the sample of the study, as well as the identication and measurement of the variables of interest
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Les partis politiques de l'opposition en Afrique
No full text"L’ouvrage d’Issaka K. Souaré est un véritable tour de force intellectuel sur un sujet important, mais paradoxalement peu étudié. En adoptant une perspective théorique alliant jeux d’acteurs et cadres institutionnels, il retrace l’histoire des partis politiques africains depuis la période coloniale tout en offrant une analyse documentée et contextualisée des dynamiques électorales récentes, avec un accent particulier sur les partis d’opposition."
Mamoudou Gazibo Professeur de science politique, Université de Montréal.
Issaka K. Souaré est spécialiste des questions de gouvernance, de paix et de sécurité en Afrique. Il a notamment travaillé comme Conseiller spécial du Haut représentant de l’Union africaine pour le Mali et le Sahel. Il a écrit, entre autres, Guerres civiles et coups d’État en Afrique de l’Ouest (Paris, 2007) et Africa in the United Nations System, 1945-2005 (Londres, 2006)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Foundations of hospitality performance measurement research: a co-citation approach
No full textStudies related to hospitality performance measurement have expanded and matured, leading to diversity in the themes and topics of papers published on the subject. Though many papers have highlighted the trends, clusters, and topics, the present article is the first known academic study attempting to explore the architectural structure of this research stream. Using a database with 56,163 citations, the authors categorized the empirical evidence into four different time periods and an overall representation. Consequently, this paper adopts a co-citation approach to explore the number of articles published in the field of hotel performance studies. Finally, using the VOSviewer software program, this article identifies the most popular cross-cited journals and authors. The study focuses only on the foundation papers identified using co-citations and network cluster analysis, thereby revealing the architectural structure of this literature stream and contributing to the literature on hotel performance measuremen
Impact of common shade tree species on microclimate and cocoa growth in agroforestry systems in Ghana
No full textAbstract Climate change is a growing threat to agriculture globally, with most substantial impacts expected in tropical smallholder systems such as cocoa farms in West Africa. Cocoa agroforestry is widely believed to enhance resilience to climatic extremes due to protection and a favourable microclimate under the shade trees. Morphological traits of many locally used shade tree species and their specific contribution to microclimate for climate-resilient cocoa production remain unclear. Therefore, aboveground morphology and sub canopy microclimate of eight common shade tree species were investigated in cocoa agroforestry systems in the Ahafo region, Ghana. Additionally, the growth of cocoa trees in three different distance zones to the shade tree stem was measured. The eight different shade tree species exhibited considerable variation in their impact on microclimate and cocoa growth. M. indica and M. excelsa allowed lowest light transmission, with the highest microclimatic buffering effect, i.e., reducing vapour pressure deficit and daily fluctuations of temperature and relative humidity. Cocoa trees around M. lucida and F. capensis were the highest in growth, characterized by height and stem diameter. However, a universally superior shade tree species could not be identified implying the need for shade tree diversity allowing various microclimatic conditions within an agroforestry system to spread risk of climate extremes. Cocoa tree growth was more affected by distance to the shade tree than by shade tree species, resulting in enhanced growth with distance to the stem. These findings provide a better understanding of species-related differences on cocoa growing conditions and climate change adaptation strategies.German academic scholarship foundationDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Justus-Liebig-Universität Gieße
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