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Petitions, Justice, and Royal Authority in Late Medieval Castile
Get PDFIn the fifteenth century, the Crown of Castile witnessed an unprecedented influx of
petitions, as tens of thousands of Castilians traveled to royal courts to present petitions to their
monarchs. This dissertation focuses on petitioning for royal justice as a perspective from which
to study the social and political life of late medieval Castile. Drawing on hundreds of unstudied
records, I analyze not only the content of Castilian petitions, but also the ways in which royal
responses to these petitions functioned on the local level of the town and village. By tracing the
social lives of the so-called “letters of justice” that were granted in response to petitions of
grievance, I analyze the ways in which Castilians employed these royal decrees in local conflicts.
Also inquired are the local reactions to the presentations of these documents, including
expressions of obedience, “obedience without compliance,” and violence. I demonstrate that
while many petitioners obtained royal decrees in order to exert pressure on opponents, the
presentations of these documents in Castilian localities had a substantial performative component
as public events intended for the eyes of the community. Furthermore, thousands of decrees
circulating in public spaces provided the monarchy a mechanism for disseminating notions of
royal authority. My research suggests that the royal institutions encouraged the proliferation of
decrees by maintaining a high level of responsiveness and accessibility, thus rendering
petitioning a path of action suitable for generating swift interventions into local conflicts. In this
respect, this dissertation draws attention to the consolidation of royal authority as a process of
intensifying communication between rulers and subjects, rather than a top-down assertion of power. It demonstrates that petitions of grievance became sites for the enactment, circulation,
and negotiation of core ideas about the monarch, the subject, and the law. When they obtained
and presented royal decrees, thousands of Castilians turned themselves, in a sense, into agents of
royal authority, asserting the monarch’s right to intervene in local jurisdictions. The proliferation
of royal decrees in Castilian villages and towns intimately affected the political life of these
communities, marking new possibilities for political protest, negotiation, and participation.PhDHistoryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138464/1/israeli_1.pd
Adultery, “Just Cause,” and the Dynamics of Royal Pardon in a Spousal Homicide Case from Late Fifteenth-Century Toledo
No full textThis article analyzes the discourses and judicial procedures surrounding one case of spousal homicide in late medieval Castile. The homicide in question occurred in the city of Toledo in 1496, when the confectioner Francisco Machano stabbed his wife, Juana Gomez, following accusations of adultery. Focusing on a set of witness testimonies produced in the aftermath of Juana\u27s death, we examine how an exculpatory narrative was constructed as part of the perpetrator’s efforts to evade prosecution and support a petition for a royal pardon. This examination illustrates how Castilian ideas about adultery, reputation, and female insubordination could be mobilized in the defense strategies of husbands charged with killing their wives. Moreover, our analysis reveals a series of normative views that legitimized adultery-related femicide through the notion of “just cause.” Although such views defied the principles outlined by royal laws, testimonies invoking “just cause” were still significant in judicial procedures. Among other things, they could help perpetrators shape public opinion to convince or pressure their victim’s relatives to grant forgiveness, which was often a prerequisite for an official royal pardon. Members of the local community could thus influence this dynamic by offering testimonies that commented on acts of violence, thereby defining and redefining “just cause” for homicide
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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