1,720,956 research outputs found
Lipopolysaccharide Stimulates Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis to Produce IL-10 in vitro
Get PDFLipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays an important role in stimulating the pro-inflammatory immune response, especially in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Production of IL-10 in the host plays an important role in reducing the effect of the pro-inflammatory immune response. The role of LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in stimulating IL-10 in patients with RA is not clear in the literature. The current study aims to determine the ability of the lymphocytes of patients with RA to produce IL-10 after being stimulated with LPS of P. aeruginosa in vitro. The human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were isolated from patients with RA (test group A) and healthy cohorts (HC) (test group B), and they were cultured in vitro and stimulated with 1 µg of LPS of P. aeruginosa and PBS. The folds of the IL-10 gene expression of IL-10 were estimated in the PBLs, while the concentration of IL-10 was measured in the cell culture supernatants. The results of the folds of the gene expression and the concentrations of Il-10 of test groups were compared with control groups [PBLs of patients with RA (control groups A) and HC (control groups B) stimulated with PBS]. The significant elevations of IL-10 gene expression and IL-10 concentrations were seen in the PBLs cultures of test group A as compared with control groups A and B. The results showed no significant difference in the IL-10 gene expression and IL-10 concentrations of cell culture of test group B as compared with control groups A and B. It can be concluded that the LPS stimulates the lymphocytes of patients with RA to produce IL-10 and help in balance of the effect of pro-inflammatory immune reaction.
 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide Involves in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Response in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Get PDFRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the complex diseases caused by unknown reasons and mechanisms of action of the disease. Studies that address the role of bacterial antigens in stimulating the inflammation, autoimmune response, and activity of RA are scanty in the literature. Therefore, the current review attempts to highlight autoimmune diseases\u27 pathogenicity, especially RA. The review also focused on the role of bacterial infections and lipopolysaccharides in stimulating the autoimmune response as well as the activity of RA. The study showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS increased the inflammation response and activity of RA. Moreover, this review showed the effect of this LPS on increasing the autoimmune response in patients with RA. The study concluded the role of bacterial infection and bacterial LPS in the autoimmune response phenomenon in the laboratory as well as RA disease activity, and inflammation immune response.
 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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