8 research outputs found
Свадебные церемонии в Туркестане на страницах периодической печати конца XIX - начала XX в.
Get PDFSanobar Shandmanova's article discusses criticism of Muslim wedding rites by Turkestani jadids after publications appeared in local press in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries. The author shows that in their progressist discourse followers of the jadid movement explicitly opposed local tradition of excessive costs of wedding ceremonies they believed too heavy to pay as it concerned ordinary people whose income was insufficient for such a purpose. Shadmanova emphasizes actuality of this modernist and rational argumentation remaining until now, when the tradition of expensive wedding festivals is coming back.В статье Санобар Шадмановой обсуждается критика мусульманских свадебных торжеств со стороны туркестанских джадидов в публикациях, появившихся в конце XIX – начале ХХ столетий. Автор демонстрирует, как последователи джадидского движения в своём прогрессистском дискурсе открыто противостояли местному обычаю играть чрезвычайно дорогостоящие свадьбы, стоимость которых они считали чрезмерной и неподъёмной для простых людей, чьих доходов было недостаточно для этих целей. Шадманова подчёркивает актуальность этой модернистской и рациональной аргументации сегодня, когда наблюдается возрождение традиции дорогостоящих свадебных торжеств
Character The Author and Characters of a Work of Art as Interacting Linguistic Personalities
No full textWhatever text is created, the image of the author - its creator - determines all the elements of the structure (theme, idea, composition, selection and organization of language tools, etc.). Many domestic and foreign linguists, philologists, literary critics dealt with the problem of studying the linguistic personality of the author. Consider the main provisions of some of the presented theories. The author's subjectivity organizes the work and generates its artistic integrity. It constitutes an integral, universal, most important facet of art (along with its proper aesthetic and cognitive principles). The "spirit of authorship" is not only present, but dominates in any form of artistic activity: both if the work has an individual creator, and in situations of group, collective creativity, and in cases where the author is named, and when his name is hidden (anonymity, pseudonym, hoax
Korxona Moliyaviy Ko‘rsatkichlari Tahliliga Fundamental Yondashuv
No full textMazkur maqolada korxona moliyaviy ko‘rsatkichlarini fundamental tahlil qilish yondashuvi asosida o‘rganilgan.Asosiy e'tibor moliyaviy hisobot ma'lumotlarini yig‘ish va tahlil qilish usullariga qaratildi. Tahlil jarayonida nisbiy va absolyutko‘rsatkichlar, dinamik tahlil va moliyaviy koeffitsiyentlardan foydalanildi. Bu usullar korxonaning moliyaviy barqarorligi varentabelligini chuqur baholash imkonini beradi
UZBEK AND LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTHROPONYM IN FRENCH LANGUAGES
No full textThe article deals with the formation of anthroponyms in the Uzbek and French languages and their linguistic and cultural features. Along with the denotative meaning, anthroponyms also have a connotative meaning in a literary text. This meaning can take emotional, value, historical and aesthetic forms. When forming emotional, evaluative and other additional semantic fragments, the general idea of the work is the main factor of the author\u27s pragmatic goal, which is one of the main factors in expressing its communicative content
About the use of interactive method and phet electronic resource in educational process
Get PDFThis article focuses on the application of an interactive method in the educational system, especially on the advantages, convenience and brightness of increasingly popular simulations in the modern distance learning system, as well as on another explanation of the effectiveness of this pegagogic technology. The author in the preparation of this article prepared on the basis of his personal pedagogical experience and the opinion of the owners of knowledge, taking into account such principles as simplicity, curiosity,easy supply of the source to the educator, closenes
Tragic Freedom: The Possibility of Hegelian Consciousness in The Last Pomegranate of the World
No full textThe Last Pomegranate of the World, is a novel by Bakhtiar Ali, a Kurdish writer, which incorporates many philosophical aspects through the theme of "war". It is evident that in the context of war, artists often convey a message of peace through their works. The author of this novel appears to in addition to present a message of peace along with a critique of the content of war, within one of the most comprehensive philosophical structures of war: Hegel's discourse on "Lordship and Bondage" and its logical consequence, self-awareness, and freedom. This research, employing an analytical-descriptive approach, examines the dialectic of "Lordship and Bondage" in this novel during the encounters and dialogues between two main characters, Ya'qub Sanobar, and Mozaffar Sobhdam, in three stages. The results of the analysis indicate that while this dialectic ultimately progresses for the story's protagonist as a "bondage" towards mental freedom and reaches its conclusion without any tangible realization, this tragic freedom ultimately leads to a tragic insight and action in terms of seeking meaning, escapism, and resistance to external achievement and appearance, which can be referred to as "tragic freedom.
Author Correction: Tracking the evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and long-term humoral immunity within 2 years after COVID-19 infection
No full textChanging life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
No full textBackground: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy across all countries (overall mean –0·18 years [95% UI –0·22 to –0·13]), with all countries having an absolute fall in life expectancy except for Ireland, Iceland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, which showed marginal improvement in life expectancy, and Belgium, which showed no change in life expectancy. Across countries, the causes of death responsible for the largest improvements in life expectancy from 1990 to 2011 were cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Deaths from cardiovascular diseases were the primary driver of reductions in life expectancy improvements during 2011–19, and deaths from respiratory infections and other COVID-19 pandemic-related outcomes were responsible for the decreases in life expectancy during 2019–21. Deaths from cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms in 2019 were attributable to high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, tobacco smoke, high LDL cholesterol, high BMI, occupational risks, high alcohol use, and other risks including low physical activity. Exposure to these major risk factors differed by country, with trends of increasing exposure to high BMI and decreasing exposure to tobacco smoke observed in all countries during 1990–2021. Interpretation: The countries that best maintained improvements in life expectancy after 2011 (Norway, Iceland, Belgium, Denmark, and Sweden) did so through better maintenance of reductions in mortality from cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, underpinned by decreased exposures to major risks, possibly mitigated by government policies. The continued improvements in life expectancy in five countries during 2019–21 indicate that these countries were better prepared to withstand the COVID-19 pandemic. By contrast, countries with the greatest slowdown in life expectancy improvements after 2011 went on to have some of the largest decreases in life expectancy in 2019–21. These findings suggest that government policies that improve population health also build resilience to future shocks. Such policies include reducing population exposure to major upstream risks for cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, such as harmful diets and low physical activity, tackling the commercial determinants of poor health, and ensuring access to affordable health services. Funding: Gates Foundation. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licens
