9 research outputs found
Fikih Hak Milik Atas Tanah Negara
No full textTanah di bumi ini sebagaian sudah digarap dan memiliki status kepemilikan. Namun, sebagian yang lain belum bertuan. Dalam hal ini ada pedoman umum yang dirumuskan oleh Nabi Muhammad saw., “siapa yang menggarap (menghidupkan) tanah mati, maka tanah tersebut menjadi miliknya (HR. Imam Syafi’i dari Umar bin Khaththab). Meski demikian, karena tanah merupakan aset yang amat penting, tak jarang terjadi peperangan perebutan kekuasaan terhadap tanah. Terjadinya pencaplokan antarwilayah disebabkan perebutan kepemilikan tanah, persengketaan antardesa karena perebutan perbatasan wilayah pertanahan, malah pertumpahan darah antarwarga bisa terjadi disebabkan masalah kepemilikan terhadap tanah. Buku ini mengupas secara detail tentang cara perolehan hak milik atas tanah negara (mati/terlantar) yang bebas hak dalam ketentuan fiqh, peraturan perundang-undangan pertanahan nasional serta praktik masyrakat Aceh, dan bagaiamana relevansinya antara penalaran fiqh dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan pertanahan nasional (KPPN), serta praktik masyarakat Aceh (PMA)
Penguatan Adat dan Revitalisasi Dakwah Penelitian di Muara Lingkat, Kerinci-Jambi
Full text linkThis article is derived from a fieldwork carried out in Muara Lingkat, Kerinci- Jambi. The people of Kerinci are ethnically classified as Malay sub-ethnic. Like other Malay people in Sumatra, the people of Kerinci incorporate the religion of Islam or Islamic Shari’a into their customary norms (adat). Customary norms have for centuries played pivotal roles in governing the communities in Muara Lingkat. Yet, the role of customary norms gradually decline in line with the rise of formal institutions in modern society. By analyzing some cases discovered in the field, such as communal conflicts, disputes in the communities, tensions within family members, and the like, the author assumes that that the roles of customary norms become increasingly marginalized and consequently, the role of religion in resolving the problems of the communities decreases. In order to revitalize the roles of customary laws in resolving the problems that the communities in Muara Lingkat face, the author proposes some steps: exploring and reformulating the essence of local customary norms; strengthening local adat institutions; and providing assistance for the communities in establishing adat institutions. Keywords: Islamic dakwah, customary norms, social harmony, kerinci
KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PENDISTRIBUSIAN DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAH NEGARA DALAM ISLAM
Full text linkAbstrak: Artikel ini akan menjawab pertanyaan bagaiaman pemerintahan Islam mendapatkan kewenangan dalam pendistribusian dan pemanfaatan tanah Negara, begitu juga dengan pelbagai prasyarat perkembangan ekonomi. Dengan merujuk kepada karya genre fikih, penulis mengemukakan bahwa Nabi Muhammad Saw. dan para khalifah mendapatkan kewenangan mereka berdasarkan ketentuan hukum Islam untuk menjalankan roda pemerintahan, memimpin rakyat dan menegakkan hak-hak sipil termasuk hak untuk memiliki tanah pertanian dan perumahan dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan rakyat. Lebih lanjut menurut penulis, pemerintah berkewajiban untuk mengatur pengalokasian hak, distribusi dan pemanfaatan tanah yang lebih intensif untuk memaksimalkan fungsi tanah sebagai asset negara dan rakyat sehingga kebutuhan pemakai bisa terpenuhi. Dengan demikian, kebijakan pemerintahan Islam tidak hanya tertuju pada kesejahteraan ekonomi tetapi juga dalam pembangunan pemukiman rakyat. Abstract: The Government Authority in the Distribution and Utilization of State Land in Islam. This article will answer how the Islamic government gains the authority in the distribution and utilization of state land as well as the requirements for the economic development. By delving into the works in Islamic jurisprudence genre, the author maintains that the Prophet Muhammad and the caliphs received the legality from the Islamic law to rule the country and the people, and to preserve civil rights including the right to own agricultural land and housing in order to meet people’s needs. Furthermore, he asserts that the government is obliged to regulate the allocation of rights, distribution and intensive use of land in order to empower land as asset of the state and the society and thus the consumer needs are fulfilled. Thus, the Islamic government policy is not only confined in providing economic welfare but also in land and housing.Kata Kunci: hukum Perdata Islam, pemerintah, tanah negar
A Selected Annotated Bibliography of Books at the New Muslim Project Collection: Providing a Guided Description of Islamic Resources for Information Seekers in Aotearoa New Zealand
No full textThe New Muslim Project (NMP) office has a considerable collection of printed books about Islam, and the unique feature of the collection is that most of the books are in English. These meticulously handpicked books are available to either be taken home permanently (as some titles have multiple copies), or borrowed by those who would like to know about the religion. NMP’s initial plan was to set up a proper online library for the collection. However, due to the scarcity of staff time and volunteers, the collection lacks even a basic catalogue that makes informed access to the books almost impossible. The main objective of this bibliography is not about introducing Islam. Instead, it is about providing people with a relevant summation of selective Islamic books from the NMP collection so they are better informed before choosing a book from NMP collection to read.
The bibliography of selected Islamic books from the NMP collection consists of entries arranged in an index card format utilising a modified variety of the Zotero reference report. The primary focus of the bibliography will be the annotations, and subjects that categorise each book. Each book’s annotation will help readers decide whether the book contains the information they seek. Subjects work as a rudimentary method of grouping the bibliography, as well as an elementary approach for readers when deciding on a topic to read. The items are first grouped based on their subject, and then ordered alphabetically based on their title. Lastly, the bibliography also provides a list of subject, tag and author indexes to further facilitate readers’ access to the selected books
A Selected Annotated Bibliography of Books at the New Muslim Project Collection: Providing a Guided Description of Islamic Resources for Information Seekers in Aotearoa New Zealand
No full textThe New Muslim Project (NMP) office has a considerable collection of printed books about Islam, and the unique feature of the collection is that most of the books are in English. These meticulously handpicked books are available to either be taken home permanently (as some titles have multiple copies), or borrowed by those who would like to know about the religion. NMP’s initial plan was to set up a proper online library for the collection. However, due to the scarcity of staff time and volunteers, the collection lacks even a basic catalogue that makes informed access to the books almost impossible. The main objective of this bibliography is not about introducing Islam. Instead, it is about providing people with a relevant summation of selective Islamic books from the NMP collection so they are better informed before choosing a book from NMP collection to read.
The bibliography of selected Islamic books from the NMP collection consists of entries arranged in an index card format utilising a modified variety of the Zotero reference report. The primary focus of the bibliography will be the annotations, and subjects that categorise each book. Each book’s annotation will help readers decide whether the book contains the information they seek. Subjects work as a rudimentary method of grouping the bibliography, as well as an elementary approach for readers when deciding on a topic to read. The items are first grouped based on their subject, and then ordered alphabetically based on their title. Lastly, the bibliography also provides a list of subject, tag and author indexes to further facilitate readers’ access to the selected books
Effect of Rotating Mold Speed on Microstructure of Al LM6 Hollow Cylinder Fabricated Using Centrifugal Method
No full textPancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries
No full textBackground: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have
improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of
this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.
Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing
pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of
surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.
Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 per cent of
patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien–Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 per cent, and mortality rates
were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality
rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per
cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 per cent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle- compared
with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.
Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe
complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to
address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic
surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)
Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries
Full text linkBackground: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)
Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries.
No full textAbstractBackground: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 per cent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 per cent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 per cent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle- compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761).</div
