5,683 research outputs found
Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici identified from the coastal areas of Turkey
No full textStripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating disease of wheat in Turkey and worldwide. This pathogen can overcome known resistance genes and negatively affect the wheat production. The objectives of this study were to determine the virulence patterns of wheat stripe rust isolates collected from the coastal areas (Aegean and Mediterranean regions) of Turkey, and to examine the genetic diversity of the pathogen populations by simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker analysis. The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes Yr1 (50%), Yr6 (100%), Yr7 (78%), Yr8 (50%), Yr9 (84%), Yr10 (25%), Yr17 (38%), Yr24 (22%), Yr27 (31%), Yr32 (22%), Yr43 (47%), Yr44 (6%), YrSp (41%), YrTr1 (6%), and avirulent on Yr5 and Yr15. Based on the analysis of virulence, all isolates were determined as 25 races and clustered into six virulence groups (VGs). In contrast, the isolates clustered into four molecular groups (MGs) based on genotypic data. All four MGs were found in Aegean region of Turkey, while only three MGs (MG1, MG2 and MG3) were found in the Mediterranean region of the country. Additionally, analysis of molecular variance indicated that 80.9% of genetic variation was found within regions and 19.1% was found between the regions. The results suggest that interregional migration of the pathogen was high. The data can be helpful for the management of stripe rust and understanding the population structure and migration of Pst in Turkey. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
The effect of lineup size on eyewitness identification accuracy
No full textEyewitness identification via lineup procedures is an important and widely used source of evidence in criminal cases. However, the current scientific literature provides inconsistent guidance on a very basic question of lineup procedure: lineup size. Some of the ambiguity in the field may be due to different ways in which performance in a lineup memory task is assessed, many of which conflate choosing rate (response bias) with actual memory (discriminability). In two experiments, we examined whether the number of fillers presented with a suspect affects diagnostic accuracy in a lineup, as assessed with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Experiment 1 used a between-subject design (N=4401) with one video and lineup per subject. Experiment 2 used a within-subjects (N=105) design with 60 still photographs. For both experiments, showups—a lineup without any fillers—led to lower discriminability than standard lineups with six members. However, in neither experiment did the number of fillers affect discriminability.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Melisa Akan, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-24 at 13:45.The student, Melisa Akan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-24 at 13:56.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-29 at 13:06.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13111 on 2019-02-07 at 14:18:00Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:36:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Investigation of the carbon produced by methane pulsed discharge
No full text6th International Conference of the Balkan-Physical-Union -- AUG 22-26, 2006 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000246647900406In this paper, we report the new production method amorphous carbon grown on sharpened tungsten electrode at atmospheric pressure by using high voltage pulsed methane discharge.Balkan Phys Union, Turkish Phys Soc, Istanbul Univ, Yildiz Tech Univ, Bogaz Univ, Dogus Univ, European Phys Soc, Govt Istanbul, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipal, Turkish Atomic Energy Author, Sci & Technol Res Council Turkey, United Natl Educ Sci & Cultutal Org, NEL ElectronikScientific Research Committee of ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY [200319009]This research activity was supported by the Scientific Research Committee of ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY (project number of 200319009). Present research has been realized in the frame of cooperation agreement between National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics Bucharest, Romania and Ovidius University Constanta, Romania and Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir, Tiirkiye
Primary versus delayed primary closure of laparotomy wounds in children following typhoid ileal perforation in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
No full textBackground: The optimal management strategy for dirty abdominal wounds has yet to be determined, but studies indicate that delayed primary closure (DPC) may be a reliable method of reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rate in these wounds. In this study, of dirty laparotomy wounds following typhoid ileal perforation (TIP), the SSI rate, incidence of wound dehiscence, and length of hospital stay (LOS) are compared in wounds primarily closed to those closed in the delayed primary fashion. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted over a 12-month period. Consecutive patients aged between 0 and 15 years with typhoid ileal perforation (TIP) were enrolled and prospectively randomized to test (DPC) group and control (PC) group. Data including age, sex, diagnosis, type of wound closure, SSI, wound dehiscence, time to wound healing, and LOS were obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: Fifteen patients were recruited into DPC group while 19 patients were allocated to the PC group. The SSI rate was 80% in the DPC group compared to 63.2% in the PC group (P = 0.451). 17.6% of patients in the DPC group and 8.8% in the PC group had wound dehiscence, respectively (P = 0.139). The difference in LOS although longer in the DPC group was not statistically significant (DPC 23.47 ± 9.2, PC 17.68 ± 18.9, P = 0.123). Conclusion: DPC did not reduce the incidence of SSI and wound dehiscence, nor shorten LOS compared to PC. Therefore, PC of dirty wounds appears safe for the pediatric population and should be advocated
Blunt abdominal trauma in Calabar
No full textThis study was undertaken to evaluate the pattern and management outcome of blunt abdominal trauma in order to proffers solutions for its prevention and improved outcome. There were 55 cases of blunt abdominal trauma. The male: female ratio was 2.9:1 except in the first decade of the life with equal ratio. The age range was 3-52yrs with a mean of 16.9yrs. Road traffic accident involving mainly commercial buses and motorcycles 46(83.7%) was the leading cause of blunt trauma and the spleen 49 (89.2%) the commonly injured organ. Multiple organ injuries occurred in 3(5.4%) patients and associated extra abdominal injuries occurred in 7(12.7%). There was no hospital mortality. Health education and public awareness campaign targeting risk factors, such as poor road construction and maintenance, failure to separate automobile from pedestrian traffic, reckless driving and less use of motorcycles would minimize the incidence. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences Vol.16(1) 2006: 12-1
Penetrating abdominal trauma
No full textCalabar a fast developing urban town renowned for its low crime rate and cleanliness, is witnessing an upsurge in violence which could be counter productive to its development especially in tourism. We undertook this study to evaluate the patern of injury and proffer solutions. Patients operated for peneratrating abdominal trauma from January 2000 – December 2004 were retrospectively studied and compared with the period June 1994. It is concluded that there is an increasing wave of violence with gun being the commonest offending agent. Curbing illegal possession of firearms and use of other offensive weapons, prevention of armed robbery, cult activities, communal/religious crisis and political thuggery by education is advocated. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences Vol. 15(2) 2005: 47-5
Christian virtue in a West African context : a study of the interaction and synthesis of the methodist and Fanti moral traditions as a model for the contextualisation of Christian Ethics
No full textThis thesis explores the use of Alasdair MacIntyre’s tradition based model of ethics as a heuristic tool in analysing the contextualisation of Christian ethics. Ethical contextualisation is thus understood as the interaction and synthesis of particular Christian moral traditions with the moral traditions they encountered in the different cultures where the Christian faith was established. This study focuses on the interaction of the Methodist moral tradition with that of the Fanti people of Ghana. The argument begins with the contention that morality in African cultures may be better understood as discrete traditions in the light of MacIntyre’s model. This claim is substantiated by a reconstruction of the Fanti (Akan) moral tradition in terms of its practices, virtues and ends. A detailed historical study of the interaction of the Methodist and Fanti moral traditions within Ghana indicates that a synthesis between these traditions has occurred at the level of leadership practice and virtue. The findings of field research conducted among Fanti traditional rulers and Methodist ministers suggests this synthesis is continuing, and probably extends to other areas of moral practice, and even to the heart of each moral tradition. Taken together historical and empirical research provide credible evidence that a Fanti-Methodist moral tradition is emerging out of the encounter between the two traditions
The reality of spirits? A historiography of the Akan concept of 'Mind'
No full textThe reality of spirits? A historiography of the Akan concept of 'mind' (La réalité des esprits: Vers une historiographie de la conception akan de l'esprit). In this article the following thesis is considered: the classifications used to define African Indigenous Religions are 'inventions' of Western scholars of religion who employ categories that are entirely "non-indigenous". The author investigates the presumptions of this statement and discusses the work of scholars of religion studying the Akan and in particular the Akan concept of mind. In the analytic philosophical tradition the precise meaning of Akan concepts of mind such as okra and sunsum, described by various scholars of religion in different eras, are reviewed. The pre-colonial, colonial and the postcolonial era all have had specific influence on the conceptualisation of the mind. On the basis of an historiography of the Akan mind the author concludes that, contrary to the originally thesis under review, 'cultural background' and 'academic discipline' are relatively unimportant in the classification of 'indigenous religions'. The 'paradigm' prevailing within a discipline , 'personal belief' and the spatio-temporal context in which conceptualisations are created, turn out to be far more significant
Du panafricanisme à la réafricanisation : formation et actualité du mouvement akan aux États-Unis
No full textFrom panafricanism to reafricanizacion : Formation and realities of the Akan movement in the United States. In Cuba and in Brazil, the reafricanization of African American religions has been centered on the promotion of their Yoruba origins. Based on a fieldwork conducted in the United States in these past two years, this article shows how the specificities of North America in terms of reafricanization lie in the existence in this country of another « African » religion : the Akan religion. Always in close connections in North America, the Yoruba and the Akan movements will then give birth to a new syncretism that the author refers to as « Pan-African »
A dynamic model of a nonlife insurance company
No full textAkan, Mustafa (Dogus Author) -- Conference full title: 1st International Annual Meeting of Sosyoekonomi Society, October 29-30, 2015, Munich / GermanyAn analysis of optimal investments in technical capacity, goodwill and financial portfolios to maximize the long term profit of a nonlife company is conducted using Optimal Control Theory. Technical capacity affects both the claim ratio and the number of policies while goodwill affects only the number of policies. Financial portfolio is assumed to be optimally managed hence it is not analysed. Mathematically technical capacity (T) is assumed to obey the following differential equation; T ' = dT / dt = q - T Therefore, technical capacity increases by the investments (q) made in underwriting personnel, their education, software and hardware for technical analysis and decreases by the obsolescence of technical methods and the depreciation of hardware at a rate . Goodwill (G) is assumed by to obey the following differential equation; G' = a - G where, (a) denotes the investment made in quality and advertising and denotes the exponential rate of decline of goodwill. In a competitive insurance market (where price is constant), the profit of a company at any time t is expressed as; П=p.N(G,T)-p.N(G,T).H(T)-q-w(a) N represents number of policies sold. H(T) represents the claim ratio. q and a represents the investments made in technical capacity and goodwill respectively. w(a) represents the convex cost function of goodwill expenditures. The objective of the company is to maximize discounted profits over the infinite horizon. Analysis of the differential equations representing the necessary conditions for the solution of the problem gives the following results: 1. The company with lower than required goodwill at the beginning should increase the expenditures in both goodwill and the technical capacity at an increasing rate if the impact of technical capacity on claim ratio is greater than its impact on the number of customers. 2. The company should first invest heavily in goodwill to increase the number of customers and then increase the investment in technical capacity to decrease the claim ratio if impact of technical capacity on claim ratio is less than its impact on the number of customers. 3. A sudden drop in the level of goodwill can be increased by investment quality and advertising. Reinsurance is not included in the model since this function is a partnership function. Other expenses are assumed to be constant and hence they do affect the solution
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