145,236 research outputs found
Featured Papers in Inorganic Materials 2024
No full textAfter the impressive success of the Special Issue “10th Anniversary of Inorganics: Inorganic Materials”, published in 2023 [...
Essentials of Inorganic Materials Synthesis
No full textThis compact handbook describes all the important methods of synthesis employed today for synthesizing inorganic materials. Some features: Focuses on modern inorganic materials with applications in nanotechnology, energy materials, and sustainability Synthesis is a crucial component of materials science and technology; this book provides a simple introduction as well as an updated description of methods Written in a very simple style, providing references to the literature to get details of the methods of preparation when require
X-ray Spectroscopy of Inorganic Materials
No full textX-ray spectroscopies have been applied on different inorganic materials with a main focus on 3d-metal materials and iron compounds in particular. Different theoretical treatments of x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are compared with each other and with experimental data. XAS calculations have been performed for iron to study the XAS shapes of different spin states of iron as well as the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. XAS has been applied in-situ to study changes in 3d-metal materials in different gas environments and based on the experimental and calculations differences in the oxygen adsorption on the different studied 3d-metal compounds were observed. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed these results. Hard X-ray XPS was applied on iron oxide to show the abilities of Fe 1s XPS to obtain the important charge transfer parameters. Finally X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS) has been applied to the hydrogen storage material LiBH4. XRS may show similar spectra as XAS and it is necessary if the elements Li and B have to be studied in-situ
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Towards an understanding of peptide-inorganic interactions
No full textThis study has contributed to the developing understanding of fundamental principles through which interactions at peptide-inorganic interfaces occur. The inorganic materials; crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) and platinum (Pt) together with specific binding peptides identified using the phage display technique and alanine scanning for mutant sequences selected on the basis of peptide stability calculated in silico were synthesized, extensively characterized and the mechanisms of their interaction and the effects thereof studied. Firstly ZnO growth was monitored during solution synthesis from precursors using two different ZnO methods in the absence and presence of ZnO binding peptides (ZnO-BPs); G-12 (GLHVMHKVAPPR), its mutants (G-12A6, G-12A11, G-12A12) and GT-16 (GLHVMHKVAPPR-GGGC). Secondly, adsorption characteristics and thermodynamics of interaction of ZnO with ZnO-BPs and Pt with platinum binding peptides (Pt-BPs) were studied using biophysical tools; quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC)
Synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic polymer
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, Florianópolis, 2014.O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias e equipamentos na área de engenharia exige a adaptação dos materiais hoje empregados ou criação de novas matérias primas capazes de suportar os mais diversos ambientes e condições. Durante anos a engenharia química e de materiais vem estudando os materiais inorgânicos como moléculas precursoras com o intuito de obter, após tratamento térmico, fibras ou cerâmicas de alta performance, dotadas de características químicas e térmicas inalcançáveis com outros materiais. Materiais cerâmicos são destinados à aplicações bastante nobres na área aeroespacial e automotiva devido ao elevado custo dos compostos empregados em sua obtenção.Com o objetivo de produzir materiais com características melhoradas, aumentando assim o leque de aplicações e ao mesmo tempo reduzir os custos de produção, buscou-se introduzir moléculas orgânicas ao processo de síntese. A inserção de compostos orgânicos permite a inclusão de funções orgânicas, melhora as propriedades químicas, permite o uso de menores quantidades de material inorgânico e diversifica a área de aplicações. Até o presente momento, diversos autores sintetizaram novos compostos híbridos orgânico-inorgânicos através de rotas sintéticas variadas. Neste trabalho foram utilizados precursores inorgânicos comerciais e o monômero orgânico estireno através de duas grandes rotas sintéticas, polimerização em solução via radicais livres e hidrossililação assistida por catalisador metálico com adição de iniciador radicalar.Produtos com diferentes características foram sintetizados por ambas as técnicas. Ambas as técnica utilizadas mostraram-se adequadas para a obtenção de um polímero híbrido com as características desejadas. O híbrido orgânico-inorgânico sintetizado apresentou elevada estabilidade térmica resultando em um alto grau de ceramização, caracterizando-o assim como um bom material precursor para cerâmicas.Abstract : The development of new technologies and equipment in engineering area forces the improvement of materials used nowadays or the conception of new with capability to be applied in different environments and conditions. Along years chemical and material engineers have been studying inorganic materials as precursor molecules intending to obtain, after thermal treatment, high performance fibers and ceramics, with singular chemical and thermic characteristics obtained only by these materials. Ceramic materials are applied in noble applications like aerospace and automotive due to the high aggregate value of raw material.A promising material with improved characteristics, to increase the range of applications and decrease production costs, is the combination of organic molecules and preceramic compounds in a synthesis process. The addition of organic compounds allows the inclusion of organic functions, improves chemical properties, reduces the amount of inorganic material and diversifies the application area. Nowadays several authors have synthesized new hybrid organic - inorganic compounds by numerous synthetic routes. In this work commercial inorganic precursors and organic styrene monomer were reacted by two synthetic routes, solution polymerization with free radical initiator and hydrosilylation assisted by metal catalyst with the subsequent addition of free radical initiator.Products with different characteristics were synthesized using polymerization by free radical initiator and hydrosilylation followed by radical initiator addition. Both techniques revealed to be satisfactory to obtain a hybrid polymer with improved characteristics. The new organic-inorganic hybrid materials synthesized showed high thermal stability resulting in a high ceramic yield, characterizing it as a good precursor material for ceramics
Lanthanide-based inorganic-organic hybrid materials for photon-upconversion
No full text| openaire: EC/FP7/339478/EU//LAYERENG-HYBMATPhoton-upconversion materials are capable of converting low energy infrared light into higher energy visible or ultraviolet light. Such materials are demanded for applications such as deep-tissue imaging, cancer therapy, nano-thermometry, biosensing, display and solar-cell technologies, and beyond. Trivalent lanthanide ions are promising materials for upconversion due to their suitable f-orbital energy levels allowing absorption in the near-infrared and emission in the visible wavelength range. The major obstacle in realizing the full potential of the Ln-based upconverters is their characteristically small absorption cross-sections. As many organic molecules possess much larger absorption cross-sections, their combination with Ln3+ions could bring about remarkable mutual benefits. Additionally, the organic ligands can also function as spacers to yield metal-organic framework type upconverting materials. Indeed, superior upconverting properties have already been reported for a diverse family of Ln-based inorganic-organic hybrids. Here we present an account of the recent developments in the field of Ln-based inorganic-organic upconverting materials and their emerging applications.Peer reviewe
Synthesis and characterization of molybdenum and vanadium framework materials
No full textMolybdenum and vanadium inorganic framework materials, with structures based on phosphate and arsenate tetrahedra have been synthesised by hydrothermal techniques and characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction; additional techniques including thermogravimetric analysis, electron dispersive spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy were carried out to fully characterise these materials. Of the molybdenum phosphates that have been synthesised, a new layer structure type has been identified. This exhibits perpendicular channels through the molybdenophosphate sheets wherein multiple guest ions, ammonium cations and free orthophosphate (PO4)3- or halide (Cl-, Br-), are hosted. Anion exchange investigations were performed, showing the affinity of the Br- analogue to be completely exchange with Cl- anions. Hydrothermal syntheses with a variety of organic amines resulted in the formation of four compounds. These include three distinct cluster polyanions in addition to a ribbon structure type. The effect of fluoride ions into the synthesis of molybdenum phosphates has been investigated; this approach has led to the discovery of a new oxyfluorinated molybdenum phosphate compound templated by piperazine. Further studies were concentrated on the preparation of molybdenum phosphonate compounds. An amine template bipyridine. During investigations of the role of fluoride ions in the formation of vanadium phosphate and arsenate frameworks, four amine templated compounds have been synthesised and fully characterised. Three of these materials presented, exhibit similar but rather distinct framework topologies including two new layered structure types, which comprise flat or super-corrugated vanadoarsenate layers, and onedimensional tubular structure. Reactions were also performed using inorganic templates, and a number of new structure types were produced with ammonium, rubidium, barium and caesium. The series of materials includes two-dimensional layer structures, and two main structural topologies have been generally observed. During investigations into vanadium borate and phosphate compounds, a threedimensional vanadium phosphate was discovered. Further studies on previously reported vanadium polyborate compounds have led to the isolation of the series of the analogous alkali metal templated structure
Catalysis with inorganic membranes
Get PDFCatalytic inorganic membranes are among the most challenging and intriguing porous materials. Consisting of a thin film of mesoporous or microporous inorganic material deposited on a macroporous material, catalytic membranes are multifunctional materials that must be engineered for both chemical and physical properties. New approaches to carrying out chemical reactions are possible by tailoring the membrane catalytic activity and selectivity, permselectivity, and other thin film properties. Readers are referred to several recent reviews of inorganic membranes, in particular, Zaspalis and Burggraaf, Armor, Gellings and Bouwmeister, Hsieh, Stoukides, and Tsotsis et al. Inorganic membranes are most conveniently classified according to pore size (see introductory article). Of particular importance is the ratio of the pore size to the molecular mean free path (MFP). Decreasing pore dimensions lead to increased selectivity with corresponding loss of permeability. Macroporous membranes have a pore size much larger than the MFP, leading to molecular (bulk) diffusion or viscous flow. Knudsen diffusion dominates in the mesoporous regime, where the pore size is comparable to the MFP. In addition, surface diffusion of the molecules along the pore walls may contribute, leading to an enhanced flux of the adsorbed species along the walls. The microporous regime is encountered when the pore size is comparable to the molecules. This regime makes possible much higher permselectivities, which depend on both molecular size and specific interactions with the solid. Finally, in dense membranes, molecular transport occurs through a solution-diffusion mechanism, which also involves specific interactions between the solute and membrane
10th Anniversary of <i>Inorganics</i>: Inorganic Materials
No full textTo celebrate the 10th anniversary of the journal Inorganics, the “Inorganic Materials” section launched this Special Issue entitled “10th Anniversary of Inorganics: Inorganic Materials”, which collected 25 interesting papers (i [...
Recent technique developments and applications of solid state NMR in characterising inorganic materials
Get PDFA broad overview is given of some key recent developments in solid state NMR techniques that have driven enhanced applications to inorganic materials science. Reference is made to advances in hardware, pulse sequences and associated computational methods (e.g. first principles calculations, spectral simulation), along with their combination to provide more information about solid phases. The resulting methodology has allowed more nuclei to be observed and more structural information to be extracted. Cross referencing between experimental parameters and their calculation from the structure has given an added dimension to NMR as a characterisation probe of materials. Emphasis is placed on the progress made in the last decade especially from those nuclei that were little studied previously. The general points about technique development and the increased range of nuclei observed are illustrated through some specific exemplars from inorganic materials science
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