1,720,972 research outputs found
Governing quality Early Childhood Education and Care in a global crisis: first lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. Analytical report.
No full textThis report explores the different ways in which European Union (EU) Member States (MS)
have attempted to ensure high-quality ECEC (Early Childhood Education and Care) for
children and families in the era of COVID-19. The rationale for the report builds on the
Conclusions of the European Council concerning the fight against COVID-19 in education
and training, which stipulate that Member States should share information and best
practices and continue exchanging information about possible ways to adapt to this new
situation at the level of education and training (Council of the European Union, 2020).
All children, and particularly those who are most societally disadvantaged, risk being
among the biggest victims of the pandemic (World Health Organization, 2020; Muroga et
al, 2020) due to both the socio-economic impact of the crisis on their families, and the
consequences of the measures taken to contain the virus, which affect their learning and
wellbeing (United Nations, 2020). By interconnecting its functions – educational (investing
in children’s wellbeing, learning, participation); social (supporting families in the upbringing
of their children); and economic (helping parents in combining work and household
responsibilities) – ECEC can play a key role in supporting all children and families to face
the crisis, and especially those at risk of social exclusion. ECEC can greatly contribute to
breaking the cycles of poverty and discrimination, as already stated in many EU documents
(European Commission, 2013; European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 2018;
European Commission, 2021a; 2021b). The COVID-19 situation may, therefore, represent
an opportunity for the ECEC sector to revisit its identity and evaluate the lessons learned,
both in terms of its daily practice after the emergency, and as a possible preparation for
future crises.
The central aim of this study is to examine what measures have been taken by selected
EU member states – two countries (Sweden and Croatia), as well as three regions (Flanders
in Belgium, Berlin in Germany and Emilia-Romagna in Italy) – to deal with the COVID-19
crisis during the first year of the pandemic (March-December 2020), in order to ensure
quality ECEC for children and families. It is expected that this analysis of coping strategies
and lessons learned will be relevant to other EU Member States and regions.
The European Quality Framework (EQF) on ECEC (Council of the European Union, 2019)
has been used as a lens with which to explore aspects including accessibility, workforce,
curriculum, monitoring and evaluation, finance and governance. After an introductory first
chapter, Chapter 2 analyses the effects of the pandemic on children and families, to explore
what role ECEC can play in addressing their needs in times of crisis. Chapter 3 focuses on
the impact of COVID-19 on the societal functions of ECEC. Chapter 4 explores in greater
depth the various aspects of quality that may have been affected during this crisis, while
Chapter 5 reports on the relevant lessons learned and policy guidelines.
The data analysed show that ECEC played a crucial role in countering the negative effects
of the pandemic on children, families and communities. However, compared with other
levels of education, ECEC appears to have been one of the sectors most vulnerable
to the policy decisions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in line with the findings of
other research (Gromada, Richardson and Rees, 2020). This highlights the need to raise
the profile of ECEC within the field of education/care sector policies. In addition, the
importance of ECEC must be recognised as part of emergency response strategies, in order
to urgently accelerate efforts to address gaps in access, as underlined in the last Unicef
Innocenti Working Paper (Muroga et al., 2020)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Respekt för toddlares rättigheter och kompetens
No full textToddlare erövrar omvärlden med kropp och själ och de kommunicerar med alla sina sinnen. De ska inte betraktas som små och behövande, utan som medmänniskor, och vi ska respektera och kommunicera med dem som med andra människor. Ingrid Engdahl lyfter forskningen kring de yngsta i förskolan.</p
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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