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A proje??o internacional do Brasil para a ?frica de 2003 a 2010
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Previous issue date: 2017-08-04Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESThis dissertation analyses the evolution of the Brazilian foreign policy about international cooperation of Brazil to Africa, in the period of 2003 to 2010, understanding the reasons that stimulated this process. The development of this research is anchored in two main axes, which are, the South-South Cooperation (SSC) and the operation of Brazilian companies in Africa, specially Angola and Mozambique that are two countries with Portuguese as official language used for the deepening of this research. This article studies of international projection of Brazil to Africa, mainly in Angola and Mozambique, what is a result of technical cooperation and the performance of companies. The main results found in this research, are two: first, that Brazil ? in the SSC scope - implemented extremely important projects for the socioeconomic development of those two African countries. On the other side, the performance of Brazilian companies in those countries, even though they represent some positive economic impact, do not always corroborate with the expectations launched by the political and diplomatic discourse that concern with the establishment of a good image of Brazil in the African continent. This research was developed based on bibliographic and documental sources, besides the investigative journalism.Esta disserta??o analisa a evolu??o da pol?tica externa brasileira de coopera??o internacional do Brasil para a ?frica no per?odo de 2003 a 2010, compreendendo as raz?es que estimularam esse processo. O desenvolvimento deste trabalho est? ancorado em dois principais eixos, a Coopera??o Sul-Sul (CSS) e a atua??o das empresas brasileiras na ?frica, especialmente em Angola e Mo?ambique, que s?o dois pa?ses africanos de l?ngua oficial portuguesa delimitados para aprofundamento deste estudo. A obra estuda a proje??o internacional do Brasil para a ?frica, principalmente em Angola e Mo?ambique, que resulta de coopera??o t?cnica e atua??o das empresas. Os principais resultados a que chegamos, com esta pesquisa, s?o dois: primeiramente, que o Brasil - no ?mbito da CSS ? implementou projetos extremamente importantes para o desenvolvimento socioecon?mico dos dois pa?ses africanos estudados. E, por outro lado, a atua??o das empresas brasileiras nesses pa?ses, ainda que representem algum impacto econ?mico positivo, nem sempre corroboram as expectativas lan?adas pelo discurso pol?tico diplom?tico que dizem respeito ao estabelecimento de uma boa imagem do Brasil no continente africano. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em fontes bibliogr?ficas e documentais, al?m de consulta a sites de jornalismo investigativo
Cooperação, comércio e investimentos : a projeção internacional do Brasil para os países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa (PALOP) entre 2003 e 2020
A presente tese de doutorado em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais se interessa pela projeção internacional do Brasil para os PALOP (Angola, Cabo-Verde, Guiné-Bissau, Moçambique e São Tomé e Príncipe), na tentativa de identificar o interesse brasileiro nesses países e a forma como esse se manteve durante o período estudado: a cooperação, o comércio e os investimentos. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral é analisar a evolução da política externa de cooperação internacional do Brasil para os Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP) no período de 2003 a 2020, as relações comerciais e as tendências dos investimentos das empresas brasileiras; e os objetivos específicos são: a) analisar a evolução da política externa de cooperação internacional do Brasil para a África e, em particular, aos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP), no período de 2003 a 2020, por meio de fontes bibliográficas e documentais; b) analisar as ações de Cooperação Sul-Sul (CSS) do Brasil com os PALOP nas áreas tradicionais de agricultura (incluindo segurança alimentar e nutricional) saúde e educação, de 2003 a 2020; c) analisar as relações comerciais entre o Brasil e PALOP e seus efeitos econômicos; apresentar as tendências de investimentos das empresas brasileiras para os PALOP. Portanto, esta pesquisa pretende responder a seguinte pergunta: de que modo a política externa brasileira influenciou o desenvolvimento de alguns setores (como agricultura, saúde e educação) por meio de projetos de transferência de conhecimento, assim como o comércio e investimentos com os PALOP ao longo dos anos 2003 a 2020? As hipóteses de pesquisa são as de que: 1) durante o período Lula-Dilma, o Brasil se interessou em fortalecer a política externa com o continente africano, principalmente os PALOP, para expandir as relações estratégicas, movidas de interesses econômico-comerciais e geopolíticos; 2) a política externa do período Temer-Bolsonaro não teve prioridade nas relações com o continente africano e os PALOP, por terem uma visão diferente (liberal de direita) dos dois governos antecessores (Lula e Dilma), tendo, dessa forma, prioridade de cooperação e comércio com os países desenvolvidos (como EUA, UE, Japão). A abordagem metodológica utilizada é a qualitativa, com aplicação de método histórico-descritivo.This doctoral thesis in International Strategic Studies is interested in the international projection of Brazil for the PALOP (Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe), in an attempt to identify the Brazilian interest in these countries and the way how it was maintained during the studied period: cooperation, trade and investments. In this way, the general objective is to analyze the evolution of Brazil's foreign policy of international cooperation for the Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP) in the period from 2003 to 2020, trade relations and investment trends by Brazilian companies; and the specific objectives are: a) to analyze the evolution of Brazil's foreign policy of international cooperation towards Africa and, in particular, to Portuguese Speaking African Countries (PALOP) from 2003 to 2020, through bibliographic and documentary sources; b) analyze Brazil's SouthSouth Cooperation (SSC) actions with the PALOP in the traditional areas of agriculture (including food and nutrition security), health and education, from 2003 to 2020; c) analyze trade relations between Brazil and the PALOP and their economic effects; present the investment trends of Brazilian companies to the PALOP countries. Therefore, this research intends to answer the following question: how did Brazilian foreign policy influence the development of some sectors (such as agriculture, health and education) through knowledge transfer projects, as well as trade and investments with the PALOP over the years 2003 to 2020? The research hypotheses are that: 1) during the Lula-Dilma period, Brazil was interested in strengthening its foreign policy with the African continent, mainly the PALOP countries, in order to expand strategic relations, driven by economic-commercial and geopolitical interests; 2) the foreign policy of the Temer-Bolsonaro period did not have priority in relations with the African continent and the PALOP, because they had a different vision (right-wing liberal) of the two predecessor governments (Lula and Dilma), thus having priority of cooperation and trade with developed countries (such as USA, EU, Japan).The methodological approach used is qualitative, applying the historical-descriptive method
A projeção internacional do Brasil para a África de 2003 a 2010
Esta dissertação analisa a evolução da política externa brasileira de cooperação internacional do Brasil para a África no período de 2003 a 2010, compreendendo as razões que estimularam esse processo. O desenvolvimento deste trabalho está ancorado em dois principais eixos, a Cooperação Sul-Sul (CSS) e a atuação das empresas brasileiras na África, especialmente em Angola e Moçambique, que são dois países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa delimitados para aprofundamento deste estudo. A obra estuda a projeção internacional do Brasil para a África, principalmente em Angola e Moçambique, que resulta de cooperação técnica e atuação das empresas. Os principais resultados a que chegamos, com esta pesquisa, são dois: primeiramente, que o Brasil - no âmbito da CSS – implementou projetos extremamente importantes para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico dos dois países africanos estudados. E, por outro lado, a atuação das empresas brasileiras nesses países, ainda que representem algum impacto econômico positivo, nem sempre corroboram as expectativas lançadas pelo discurso político diplomático que dizem respeito ao estabelecimento de uma boa imagem do Brasil no continente africano. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em fontes bibliográficas e documentais, além de consulta a sites de jornalismo investigativo.This dissertation analyses the evolution of the Brazilian foreign policy about international cooperation of Brazil to Africa, in the period of 2003 to 2010, understanding the reasons that stimulated this process. The development of this research is anchored in two main axes, which are, the South-South Cooperation (SSC) and the operation of Brazilian companies in Africa, specially Angola and Mozambique that are two countries with Portuguese as official language used for the deepening of this research. This article studies of international projection of Brazil to Africa, mainly in Angola and Mozambique, what is a result of technical cooperation and the performance of companies. The main results found in this research, are two: first, that Brazil – in the SSC scope - implemented extremely important projects for the socioeconomic development of those two African countries. On the other side, the performance of Brazilian companies in those countries, even though they represent some positive economic impact, do not always corroborate with the expectations launched by the political and diplomatic discourse that concern with the establishment of a good image of Brazil in the African continent. This research was developed based on bibliographic and documental sources, besides the investigative journalism
Investimentos das empresas brasileiras para os PALOP entre 2003 e 2020
Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as tendências de investimentos das empresas brasileiras, entre 2003 e 2020, junto aos cinco Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP) – Angola, Cabo-Verde, Guiné-Bissau, Moçambique e São Tomé e Príncipe. Para este estudo, dedica-se à análise de investimentos das empresas brasileiras nos períodos históricos de governos Lula – Dilma e Temer – Bolsonaro nas suas relações com os PALOP. Conclui-se que os grandes investimentos brasileiros para os PALOP durante o período analisado se destinaram para Angola e Moçambique, sendo Angola o principal beneficiário desses investimentos. Entre 2007 e 2014, houve um cenário de maiores investimentos dessas empresas nas economias angolana e moçambicana, com a realização de projetos de grande porte.This article aims to analyze the investment trends of Brazilian companies, between 2003 and 2020, together with the five Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP) – Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe. For this study, it is dedicated to analyzing investments by Brazilian companies in the historical periods of the Lula – Dilma and Temer – Bolsonaro governments in their relations with the PALOP. It is concluded that the large Brazilian investments for the PALOP during the period analyzed were destined for Angola and Mozambique, with Angola being the main beneficiary of these investments. Between 2007 and 2014, there was a scenario of greater investments by these companies in the Angolan and Mozambican economies, with the implementation of large-scale projects
Relations Brésil – PALOP: 17 ans de politique étrangère et de coopération technique pour le développement (2003 – 2020)
O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a política externa de cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento empreendido pelos governos brasileiros, entre 2003 e 2020, junto aos cinco Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP) – Angola, Cabo-Verde, Guiné-Bissau, Moçambique e São Tomé e Príncipe. Para este estudo, dedica-se à análise da política externa brasileira e aos períodos históricos de governos Lula – Dilma e Temer – Bolsonaro nas suas relações com os PALOP, considerando a cooperação técnica brasileira para esses países. Conclui-se que as relações estabelecidas desde 2003 sempre estiveram voltadas para atender as demandas que possibilitaram o desenvolvimento ou avanço em determinadas áreas, tais como agricultura, saúde e educação, demandas essas que constituíram a cooperação bilateral entre o Brasil e os cinco países africanos.The present article aims to understand the foreign policy of international cooperation for development undertaken by Brazilian governments, between 2003 and 2020, together with the five Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP) – Angola, Cape-Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe. For this study, it is dedicated to the analysis of Brazilian foreign policy and the historical periods of the Lula – Dilma and Temer – Bolsonaro governments in their relations with the PALOP, considering Brazilian technical cooperation for these countries. It is concluded that the relationships established since 2003 have always been aimed at meeting the demands that enabled development or advancement in certain areas, such as agriculture, health and education, these demands constituted bilateral cooperation between Brazil and the five African countries.Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la política exterior de cooperación internacional para el desarrollo emprendida por los gobiernos brasileños, entre 2003 y 2020, junto con los cinco países africanos de habla portuguesa (PALOP) – Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique y Santo Tomé y Príncipe. Para este estudio, se dedica al análisis de la política exterior brasileña y de los períodos históricos de los gobiernos Lula – Dilma y Temer – Bolsonaro en sus relaciones con los PALOP, considerando la cooperación técnica brasileña para esos países. Se concluye que las relaciones establecidas desde el año 2003 siempre han estado encaminadas a satisfacer las demandas que permitieron el desarrollo o avance en determinadas áreas, como la agricultura, la salud y la educación, estas demandas constituyeron una cooperación bilateral entre Brasil y los cinco países africanos.Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la política exterior de cooperación internacional para el desarrollo emprendida por los gobiernos brasileños, entre 2003 y 2020, junto con los cinco países africanos de habla portuguesa (PALOP) – Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique y Santo Tomé y Príncipe. Para este estudio, se dedica al análisis de la política exterior brasileña y de los períodos históricos de los gobiernos Lula – Dilma y Temer – Bolsonaro en sus relaciones con los PALOP, considerando la cooperación técnica brasileña para esos países. Se concluye que las relaciones establecidas desde el año 2003 siempre han estado encaminadas a satisfacer las demandas que permitieron el desarrollo o avance en determinadas áreas, como la agricultura, la salud y la educación, estas demandas constituyeron una cooperación bilateral entre Brasil y los cinco países africanos
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
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counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
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only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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