1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Modelling of contrail climate effects with the AviTeam and the CoCiP model
Get PDFLuftfartssektoren bidrar i dag til omtrent 2,4% av den årlige globale menneskeskapte CO2-utslippene. De beste estimatene per i dag viser imidlertid at kondensstriper fra luftfarttøy bidrar til minst like mye klimapådriv som CO2-utslippene. Forbedringer i energieffektivitet er ikke tilstrekkelig for å holde tritt med den anslåtte veksten i utslipp fra luftfartssektoren, og ytterligere tiltak for å redusere klimapåvirkninger må vurderes. Siden kondensstriper potensielt har en betydelig rolle innen klimapåvirkningen til luftfart, er modellering av kondensstriper og kvantifisering av deres klimapåvirkninger et svært aktuelt tema innen forskning i luftfartssektoren. Denne oppgaven undersøker muligheten for å utvide rammeverket til Aviation Transport Emission Assessment Model (AviTeam) med Contrail Cirrus Prediction (CoCiP)-modellen, til også å ta hensyn til formasjon av kondensstriper som følge av flyutslipp. Det nye AviTeam-CoCiP-rammeverket er testet på et datasett bestående av innenlandsflyvningene i Norge 2019. Oppgaven identifiserer styrken og begrensningene til dette nye rammeverket, og sammenligner resultatene av kondensstripe-simuleringene med litteraturen. Simuleringsresultatene estimerer gjennomsnittlig netto strålingspådriv (RF') i datasettet til å være 1,23 W/m^2, og energipådriv (EF) per flyavstand til å være 0,0163*10^8 J/m. Sammenlignet med de globale verdiene i 2019, er forskjellen i den førstnevnte beregningen bare +0,8%, mens forskjellen i den sistnevnte verdien er -90%. Basert på karakteristikkene til flygingene som er inkludert i denne oppgaven, sammenlignet med de i de globale estimatene, kan tyde på at kortdistanseflyvninger, som typisk flyr i lavere høyder, kan bidra til betydelig mindre klimapåvirkning fra kondensstriper sammenlignet med lengre flyreiser. Videre viser statistikken i denne oppgaven den forventede variasjonen i EF avhengig av årstider og tider på døgnet. Til tross for at fordelingen av flytrafikken er relativt jevn mellom årstidene, var vinter- (desember, januar og februar) og høstmånedene (september, oktober og november) ansvarlige for 81% av den årlige totale EF. Dessuten ble bare 26% av flyavstanden tilbakelagt mellom klokken 18:00 og 06:00, men denne tidsperioden utgjorde 93% av den totale EF per dag. Det er også funnet at 2% av flyvningene er ansvarlige for 80% av den årlige totale EF. Disse forskjellene i klimapåvirkningene er nært knyttet til den forskjellige mengden sollys som er tilstede på det tidspunktet det flys, noe som også avhenger av årstidene og tidspunktet på dagen. Dermed avslører resultatene de spesifikke egenskapene til kondensstriper som produseres av innenlands flyvninger i Norge, og understreker også nødvendigheten og verdien av tids- og steds-eksplisitte utslippsmodelleringsverktøy som AviTeam for modellering av klimapåvirkinger innen luftfart.The aviation sector currently contributes to about 2.4% of the global anthropogenic CO2 emissions annually. However, the current best estimates points to aviation contrails contributing to as much climate forcing as CO2 emissions. Improvements in engine and energy efficiency are not sufficient to keep up with the projected growth in emissions in the aviation sector, and implementation of additional mitigation options needs to be thoroughly considered. With contrails having a potentially significant role in climate impact of aviation, modelling of contrails and quantification of their climate forcings are at the forefront of climate change mitigation research in the aviation sector. This thesis investigates the opportunity to expand the framework of the Aviation Transport Emission Assessment Model (AviTeam) with the Contrail Cirrus Prediction (CoCiP) model, to also account for contrail formations resulting from aviation emissions. The new AviTeam-CoCiP framework is tested on a data set consisting of the domestic flights in Norway 2019. The thesis identifies the strengths and limitations of this new framework, and compares the results of the contrail simulations with the literature. The simulation results estimates the mean net instantaneous radiative forcing (RF') in the data set to be 1.23 W/m^2, and the energy forcing (EF) per flight distance to be 0.0163*10^8 J/m. Compared to the global values in 2019, the difference in the former metric is only +0.8%, while the difference in the latter metric is -90%. Based on the characteristics of the flights included in this study, compared to those in the global estimations, it is deduced that short haul flights, which typically flies at lower altitudes, might contribute to significantly less contrail climate forcing compared to the longer haul flights. Further, the statistics in this study shows the expected large variation in EF depending on the season and time of day. Despite the distribution of air traffic being relatively even among the seasons, the winter (December, January and February) and autumn (September, October and November) months were responsible for 81% of the annual total contrail EF. Moreover, only 26% of the flight distance was travelled between the hours 18:00 and 06:00, but this time period accounted for 93% of the total contrail EF of the day. It is also found that 2% of the flights are responsible for 80% of the annual total contrail EF. These large differences in contrail climate forcings are closely linked to the different amount of sunlight available at the time of flight, which depends on the seasons and the time of day. Thus, the results reveals the specific characteristics of contrails produced by domestic flights in Norway, and also underlines the necessity and value of geospatially and temporarily explicit emissions modelling tools such as the AviTeam for contrails climate impact modelling
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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