1,064 research outputs found
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Inai 433.pdf
No full textLake Chad is an important fish supply centre in the semi-arid zone of West Africa. Processed Fish Trade (PFT) has catered neighbouring countries for a long time. However, Fresh Fish Trade (FFT) boomed due to severe droughts between 1970 and 1994, by which the PFT main fish species were replaced by species suited to FFT, and to the introduction of modern technology. As migrant fishermen increased, FFT also raised. In PFT the relationship between fishermen and middlemen is usually explained as Patron-Client Relationship (PCR), characterized by reciprocal agreement and exclusivity. The objective of this study was to describe FFT at Lake Chad, which has hardly been surveyed yet, and to compare the PCR in FFT and PFT. Field survey was conducted at Commune of Darak in Cameroon on March 2011. In the case of FFT, most of middlemen dealt with fishermen who got their fishing gears by themselves and quoted market price of major species was stable, but there were some cases in which fishermen paying back the gears borrowed from middlemen resulted in a deviation from the market price. Since trade was mostly occasional, interaction between middlemen and fishermen was mostly temporary, not long-term relations based on trust, so that middlemen had to keep the quoted market price in order not to lose their client. Therefore, fishermen are less constricted by and more equal to middlemen than in regular PFT. Because of this kind of PRC, FFT does not fit the ‘economy of affection’ model, but rather resembles ‘market economy’
Recommended from our members
Inai 433.pdf
No full textLake Chad is an important fish supply centre in the semi-arid zone of West Africa. Processed Fish Trade (PFT) has catered neighbouring countries for a long time. However, Fresh Fish Trade (FFT) boomed due to severe droughts between 1970 and 1994, by which the PFT main fish species were replaced by species suited to FFT, and to the introduction of modern technology. As migrant fishermen increased, FFT also raised. In PFT the relationship between fishermen and middlemen is usually explained as Patron-Client Relationship (PCR), characterized by reciprocal agreement and exclusivity. The objective of this study was to describe FFT at Lake Chad, which has hardly been surveyed yet, and to compare the PCR in FFT and PFT. Field survey was conducted at Commune of Darak in Cameroon on March 2011. In the case of FFT, most of middlemen dealt with fishermen who got their fishing gears by themselves and quoted market price of major species was stable, but there were some cases in which fishermen paying back the gears borrowed from middlemen resulted in a deviation from the market price. Since trade was mostly occasional, interaction between middlemen and fishermen was mostly temporary, not long-term relations based on trust, so that middlemen had to keep the quoted market price in order not to lose their client. Therefore, fishermen are less constricted by and more equal to middlemen than in regular PFT. Because of this kind of PRC, FFT does not fit the ‘economy of affection’ model, but rather resembles ‘market economy’
Utilization of the information system for the school education : A simplified questionnaire system for the classroom assessment using the cellular phone
No full textData for ''First simulations of day-to-day variability of mid-latitude sporadic E layer structures''
No full textOne file was added on July 21, 2020. (Caiondensity_average.nc)Two files were added on August 3, 2020. (ReadMe2_si_grl.pdf, S1.txt)The title was changed on August 3, 2020. (Before: Simulated Calcium Ion Density)One author was added on August 3, 2020. (Shinagawa Hiroyuki)ReadMe file was replaced on October 13, 2020.Two files were deleted on October 13, 2020. (ReadMe2_si_grl.pdf, S1.txt)Three files were added on October 13, 2020. (MeridionalWind_fig1.txt, VerticalWind_fig1.txt, ZonalWind_fig1.txt
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Patron-Client Relationship (PCR) in Fresh Fish Trade (FFT) at Lake Chad, Cameroon
No full textLake Chad is an important fish supply centre in the semi-arid zone of West Africa. Processed Fish Trade (PFT) has catered neighbouring countries for a long time. However, Fresh Fish Trade (FFT) boomed due to severe droughts between 1970 and 1994, by which the PFT main fish species were replaced by species suited to FFT, and to the introduction of modern technology. As migrant fishermen increased, FFT also raised. In PFT the relationship between fishermen and middlemen is usually explained as Patron-Client Relationship (PCR), characterized by reciprocal agreement and exclusivity. The objective of this study was to describe FFT at Lake Chad, which has hardly been surveyed yet, and to compare the PCR in FFT and PFT. Field survey was conducted at Commune of Darak in Cameroon on March 2011. In the case of FFT, most of middlemen dealt with fishermen who got their fishing gears by themselves and quoted market price of major species was stable, but there were some cases in which fishermen paying back the gears borrowed from middlemen resulted in a deviation from the market price. Since trade was mostly occasional, interaction between middlemen and fishermen was mostly temporary, not long-term relations based on trust, so that middlemen had to keep the quoted market price in order not to lose their client. Therefore, fishermen are less constricted by and more equal to middlemen than in regular PFT. Because of this kind of PRC, FFT does not fit the ‘economy of affection’ model, but rather resembles ‘market economy’.Keywords: Poor Data and Markets, Fisheries Economics, Markets and Trad
Mid-Air Ultrasonic Stimulations of the Palm - The Influence of Frequency and Stimulus Duration on Perceived Intensity
No full textIt is known that the duration of a short stimulus affects the perceived intensity of both visual, auditory, and, vibrotactile events, but it is still unclear whether such a relationship also exists for mid-air ultrasonic inputs to the hand. Here we investigate this issue and show how the perceived intensity of focused ultrasonic stimulations of the palm is indeed systematically related to stimulus duration - a relationship that is, however, independent of modulation frequency. This is an important finding for the overall goal of providing perceptually stronger inputs and enlarging the repertoire of realistic mid-air haptic experiences.Human Information Communication Desig
RFLNA遺伝子のフレームシフト変異をホモ接合性に認めた典型的な脊椎手根骨足根骨癒合症の一例
No full textSpondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome, a rare syndromic skeletal disorder characterized by disrupted vertebral segmentation with vertebral fusion, scoliosis, short stature, and carpal/tarsal synostosis, has been associated with biallelic truncating mutations in the filamin B gene or monoallelic mutations in the myosin heavy chain 3 gene. We herein report the case of a patient with a typical phenotype of spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome who had a homozygous frameshift mutation in the refilin A gene (RFLNA) [c.241delC, p.(Leu81Cysfs*111)], which encodes one of the filamin-binding proteins. Refilins, filamins, and myosins play critical roles in forming perinuclear actin caps, which change the nuclear morphology during cell migration and differentiation. The present study implies that RFLNA is an additional causative gene for spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome in humans and a defect in forming actin bundles and perinuclear actin caps may be a critical mechanism for the development of spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1200号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Hitomi Shimizu, Satoshi Watanabe, Akira Kinoshita, Hiroyuki Mishima, Gen Nishimura, Hiroyuki Moriuchi, Koh-ichiro Yoshiura & Sumito DatekiCitation: Journal of Human Genetics, 64(5), pp.467-471, 201
Development of database system of practical educational articles of the elementary school and the secondary school education in Ehime Prefecture
No full textEffects of rewarming therapies on outcomes in accidental hypothermia: A secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective study
No full text弘前大学博士（医学）Author(s): Kana Sugiyama, Osamu Nomura, Jin Irie, Yoshiya Ishizawa, Shuhei Takauji, Mineji Hayakawa, Yoshinori Tamada, Hiroyuki Hanad
Anthropological Study on Island Fishermen's Mobility in Semi Arid Cameroon, Central Africa
No full text京都大学0048新制・論文博士博士(地域研究)乙第13252号論地博第24号新制||地||94(附属図書館)京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科アフリカ地域研究専攻(主査)教授 木村 大治, 准教授 大山 修一, 准教授 安岡 宏和, 教授 市川 光雄学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Area StudiesKyoto UniversityDGA
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