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PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SEJARAH SISWA KELAS XI IPS DI SMA SHALAHUDDIN MALANG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
No full textABSTRAKImam, Machbub. 2019. Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Sejarah Siswa Kelas XI IPS di SMA Shalahuddin Malang Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Skripsi, Jurusan Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: Dr. Ari Sapto, M.Hum.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran, teams games tournament, minat belajar sejarahMatapelajaran sejarah adalah matapelajaran yang mempelajari tentang masa lalu. Sejarah merupakan matapelajaran yang tidak kalah penting dibandingkan dengan matapelajaran lainya yang diajarkan di sekolah, karena dengan mempelajari sejarah akan memperkaya wawasan dan pengetahuan mengenai kehidupan manusia dari masa ke masa. Namun pada saat ini matapelajaran sejarah di sekolah mendapat kesan negatif dari siswa. Matapelajaran sejarah terkesan membosankan dan tidak penting untuk dipelajari. Untuk menyampaikan materi pelajaran sejarah yang terdapat di sekolah, sebagai seorang guru harus memperhatikan siswanya dalam memahami peristiwa-peristiwa yang disampaikan pada matapelajaran sejarah, sehingga tata cara, media ataupun strategi untuk menyampaikan materi sejarah harus dikemas dengan cara yang sesuai pada kemampuan siswa untuk dapat menarik minat belajar siswa dan untuk dapat dengan mudah dipahami oleh siswa. Solusi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan minat belajar sejarah siswa adalah dengan memberikan variasi model pembelajaran dalam proses belajar sejarah di kelas. Model pembelajaran yang akan dijadikan solusi adalah model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament yang dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa terhadap matapelajaran sejarah karena proses belajar dalam model pembelajaran ini menekankan pada permainan dalam grup.Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua fokus utama pembahasan yaitu terkait bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament di Kelas XI IPS di SMA Shalahudin Malang dan bagaimana minat belajar sejarah siswa setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament di Kelas XI IPS di SMA Shalahudin Malang. Sedangkan tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran sejarah.Penelitian ini menggunakan Classroom Action Research (PTK) untuk mengetahui bagaimana keadaan kelas sebelum model pembelajaran TGT digunakan. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan melalui pendekatan naturalistik. Peneliti mengharapkan agar model pembelajaran kooperatif TGT bisa diterapkan pada matapelajaran sejarah di SMA Shalahudin Kota Malang. Khususnya siswa kelas XI IPS yang kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran sejarah sebelum model TGT digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 siklus untuk mencapai target. Penelitian PTK ini bersifat kolaboratif dengan guru sejarah. Dalam melakukan penelitian tersebut peneliti memperoleh informasi dari awal sampai akhir melalui observasi dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara dilokasi yaitu di SMA Shalahudin Kota Malang, dapat diketahui bahwa di SMA Shalahudin Kota Malang terdapat dua orang guru mata pelajaran sejarah, diantaranya yaitu Bapak Fatkhur Roji dan Ibu Asvin mengajar sejarah dikelas X dan XI di SMA Shalahudin Kota Malang. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti memusatkan subjek penelitian pada kelas XI IPS SMA Shalahudin Kota Malang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 17 orang siswa dengan rincian 15 orang siswa laki-laki dan 2 siswa perempuan. Adapun pengumpulan datanya dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Model pembelajaran TGT diterapkan di kelas XI IPS SMA Shalahudin Kota Malang, membuat siswa lebih mudah untuk mempelajari dan mengingat materi sejarah yang sulit dan dikemas secara menarik. Karena model pembelajaran sejarah sebelumnya masih menggunakan metode klasik dalam penyampaian materi. Model pembelajaran kooperatif adalah rangkaian kegiatan belajar yang dilakukan oleh siswa dalam kelompok-kelompok tertentu untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang telah dirumuskan TGT menggunakan turnamen akademik, menggunakan kuis-kuis, sistem skor kemajuan individu, di mana para siswa berlomba sebagai wakil tim mereka dengan anggota tim lain yang kinerja akademik sebelumnya setara seperti mereka. Permainan ini dimainkan oleh 5-6 anak dalam setiap kelompok, dengan kompetisi yang seimbang dan anggota kelompok yang heterogen. Memungkinkan siswa berkontribusi secara maksimal terhadap skor tim mereka, jika mereka melakukan yang terbaik. (2) Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang sudah di lakukan, diketahui bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran TGT dalam matapelajaran sejarah dikelas XI IPS 1 dapat diterapkan dengan baik. Karena, dari adanya penerapan model pembelajaran TGT pada matapelajaran sejarah, siswa aktif dalam menerima pelajaran di kelas. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan hasil minat siswa pada siklus I pertemuan 1 menunjukkan hasil rata-rata minat siswa 62,02% dan pertemuan 2 rata-rata minat siswa 63,50%. Sedangkan pada siklus II pertemuan 1 menunjukkan hasil rata-rata 67,85% dan pertemuan 2 rata-rata minat siswa 73,46%.ABSTRACTImam, Machbub. 2019. Application of Teams Games Tournament Learning Model To Improve History Learning Interest in Class XI IPS Students at SMA Shalahuddin Malang in 2018/2019 Academic Year. Thesis, Department of History, Faculty of Social Sciences, State University of Malang. Supervisor: Dr. Ari Sapto, M.Hum.Keywords: learning model, teams games tournament, interest in learning historyHistory courses are subjects that learn about the past. History is a subject that is no less important than other subjects taught at school, because studying history will enrich insights and knowledge about human life from time to time. But at this time history lessons at school get a negative impression from students. History courses seem boring and not important to learn. To convey the subject matter contained in the school’s history, as a teacher must pay attention to their students in understanding the events presented in the course from history, so that the system the way, media or strategies for delivering historical material must be packaged in a way that is appropriate to the ability of students to be able to attract student learning interest and to be easily understood by students. The right solution to increase students' interest in learning history is to provide a variety of learning models in the process of learning history in class. The learning model that will be used as solution is the Teams Games Tournament learning model that can increase student learning interest in historical subjects because the learning process in this learning model emphasizes playing in groups.The formulation of the problem in this research there are two main focus of the discussion is related to how application of Teams Games Tournament learning model in Class XI IPS student in SMA Shalahudin Malang and how students’ interest in learning after using Teams Games Tournament in Class XI IPS at Shalahudin High School Malang. While the purpose of this research is to increase students' interest in learning history subjects.This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) to find out how the classroom is before the TGT learning model is used. This research approach uses a qualitative approach and through a naturalistic approach. Researchers hope that the TGT cooperative learning model can be applied to history lessons at Malang City's Shalahudin High School. Especially students of class XI IPS who were less active in learning history before the TGT model was used. This study uses 2 cycles to achieve the target. This CAR research is collaborative with history teachers. In conducting this research the researcher obtained information from beginning to end through observation and interviews. Based on observations and interviews at the location in Malang City Shalahudin High School, it can be seen that in Malang City Shalahudin High School there are two history subjects, including Mr. Fatkhur Roji and Mrs. Asvin teaching history in class X and XI at Shalahudin High School in Malang. In this study, researchers focused the subject studies in class XI IPS students at SMA Shalahudin Malang with a total sample of 17 students with details of 15 male students and 2 female students. The data collection using observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation.The TGT learning model is applied in the XI IPS class at Shalahudin High School in Malang, making it easier for students to learn and remember the difficult and interestingly packaged historical material. Because the previous history learning model still uses the classical method in the delivery of material. Cooperative learning model is a series of Activities n study conducted by students in certain groups to achieve learning objectives have been formulated TGT using the tournament academic, using quizzes, the system scores the progress of individuals, where students compete as representatives of their team members other teams whose previous academic performance is equivalent to theirs. Game is played by 5-6 students in each group, with balanced competition and heterogeneous group members. Enables students to contribute maximally to their team's score, if they do their best. Based on the results of observations that have been made, it is known that the application of the TGT learning model in history lessons in class XI IPS 1 can be applied properly. Because, from the implementation of the TGT learning model in history lessons, students are active in receiving lessons in class. This is evidenced by the results of student interest in the first cycle of meeting 1 showing the average results of student interest 62, 02 % and meeting 2 the average interest of students 63, 5 0%. Whereas in the second cycle meeting 1 shows the average results of 67, 85 % and meeting 2 the average interest of students is 73, 46 %
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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