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Analysis of the Production Process of Skin Care Products at AS Orto and Suggestions for Improvements
No full textKonkureerimaks turul, kus tarbijad keskenduvad kõrgele tootekvaliteedile, madalale hinnale ja kättesaadavusele, tuleb ettevõtetel rakendada parimaid juhtimispraktikaid, strateegiaid ja tööriistu. Sellest tulenevalt püütakse välja töötada tõhusaid meetodeid tootmisprotsesside juhtimiseks, et lühendada üksikutele operatsioonidele kuluvaid aegu ning vähendada seeläbi pakutavate toodete tootmiskulusid.
Antud lõputöö teema valik oli ajendatud AS Orto vajadustest, kus prognoositav mahukasv tekitas vajaduse muuta nahahooldustoodete tootmisprotsessi efektiivsemaks ja tootlikumaks. Ettevõtte juhatuse nägemuse kohaselt on nahahooldustoodete tootmisprotsessi efektiivsus hetkel kõigest 50% juures, millega kindlasti ei suudetaks rahuldada üha kasvavat nõudlust. Seega võeti antud lõputööga ülesandeks analüüsida nahahooldustoodete tootmisprotsessi, eesmärgiga pakkuda välja võimalikke parendusi selle tootlikkuse tõstmiseks.
Tootmisprotsessi analüüsil kasutati kvantitatiivset uurimismeetodit ning andmeid selle jaoks koguti juhtumiuuringu raames teostatud osalusvaatluse käigus. Vaatluspäevad viidi läbi juhuslikkuse alusel valitud nädala kõigil viiel tööpäeval, mille käigus registreeriti kõik tootmisprotsessi kuuluvad operatsioonid, raiskamised ja nende ajaline kulu. Selline lähenemine võimaldas tuvastada protsessi kitsaskohti ning pakkuda välja konkreetseid lahendusi suurendamaks protsessi üldist efektiivsust ja vähendamaks ajakulu.
Uurimisküsimused, millele käesolevas lõputöös vastuseid otsiti olid:
• millised on praeguses tootmisprotsessis peamised tootlikkust pärssivad tegurid?
• missuguste parendusmeetmetega oleks võimalik tootlikkust tõsta?
Vaatluspäevadel tuvastati tootmisprotsessis mitmeid tootlikkust pärssivaid tegureid, nii seadmetest tingituid kui ka töökorralduslikke vajakajäämisi. Mõju suuruse alusel järjestatuna olid raiskamisteks seadme järel ootamine, testi vastuse ootamine, toormaterjali otsimine ning veevarustuse- ja villimisseadme tõrked. Pareto printsiibist lähtuvalt keskenduti töö raames seadme järel ootamisele kuluva aja vähendamisele, et saavutada suurem mõju soovitud tulemi suunas.
Lõputöö eesmärgist tulenevalt esitleti parendusvõimalusi nahahooldustoodete tootmisprotsessi tootlikkuse tõstmiseks ning jagati üldisi soovitusi edaspidiseks. Seadme järel ootamise vähendamiseks ja tootmisprotsessi sujuvamaks muutmiseks tuleks ettevõttel võtta kasutusele vahemahuti või investeerida lisareaktorisse ning automatiseerida temperatuuri jälgimine. Teiste esinenud raiskamiste võimalike parendustena nähakse varude haldamissüsteemi Kanban kasutuselevõttu, veevarustuse teistest osakondadest sõltumatuks muutmist ning tulemusliku seadmete hooldussüsteemi rakendamist. Lisaks, vastuseks vaatluspäevadel esinenud tähelepanekutele, soovitatakse ettevõttel tulevikus rakendada tootmises 5S meetodit ning panustada ettevõtte pidevasse parendusse läbi Kaizen filosoofia põhimõtete rakendamise.
Lõputöös esitatud parendusmeetmete rakendamisel saavutatav raiskamiste vähenemine, tootlikkuse kasv ja ajaline võit on tuletatud hüpoteetilistest parendatud protsessidest, mille loomisel kasutati vaatluspäevadega sama tootmisplaani, samu operatsioonide aegu ning on säilitatud ka operatsioonide omavaheline seotus. Selle tulemusena on saavutatud võimalikult tõepärased tulemused parendatud tootmisprotsesside näitlikustamiseks.
Vaatluspäevadel dokumenteeritud raiskamiste osakaal tööajast oli 43%, toetavatele tegevustele kulus 19% ning põhitegevustele 38% vahetuses saadaolevast ajast. Vahemahuti kasutuselevõtuga viidaks raiskamiste protsent 13%-ni tööajast ning lisareaktoriga vähendataks raiskamistele kuluvat aega veelgi – kõigest 8% tööajast. Raiskamiste vähenemisest tingituna tõuseks märgatavalt ka põhitegevuste osakaal – vahemahuti kasutuselevõtuga modustaksid põhitegevused 62% ja lisareaktoriga 66% tööajast. Ühes sellega kasvaks ka tootlikkus – toodetav kogus, mis hektel suudetakse toota viie vahetusega, toodetaks vahemahutiga kõigest 3,5 vahetusega ning lisareaktoriga kuluks selleks kõigest kolm vahetust.
Kulusäästliku tootmise põhimõtete järgimine ja meetodite rakendamine tootmisprotsesside parendamisel on seega olulise tähtsusega, sest need võimaldavad tuvastada ebatõhususi, fokusseerida parendustegevused peamistele põhjustele ning tõsta seeläbi tootmisprotsesside efektiivsust.To compete in a market where consumers prioritize high product quality, low prices, and availability, companies must implement best management practices, strategies and tools. Therefore, efforts should be directed towards developing effective methods for managing production processes to reduce time required for individual operations, thereby, lowering the production cost.
The aim of this graduation thesis Analysis of the Production Process of Skin Care Products at AS Orto and Suggestions for Improvements is to analyze the current state of the production process, identifying bottlenecks and inefficiencies within the process. The main goal is to highlight potential improvement opportunities to enhance the efficiency of the skin care product manufacturing process.
The graduation thesis focuses on two research questions:
• what are the main factors hindering productivity in the production process?
• what improvement measures could be implemented to enhance productivity?
The author conducted on-site observations on five consecutive days. During the observation days, several productivity-hindering factors were identified in the production process. Ranked by the magnitude of their impact, the primary sources of inefficiency were waiting for equipment availability, waiting for test results, searching for raw materials, and malfunctions in the water supply and bottling equipment. Based on the Pareto principle, this study focused on reducing the time spent waiting for equipment availability to achieve a more significant impact on the desired outcome.
In line with the main goal of this thesis, improvement opportunities were presented to enhance the productivity of the skin care product manufacturing process, to reduce waiting time and make the production process more seamless. The main proposal was the implementation of an intermediate storage tank or investment in an additional reactor, along with the automation of temperature monitoring.
The implementation of the improvement suggestions would result in a reduction of waste, an increase in productivity, and time savings. The percentage of waste would decrease from 43% to 8% of the working time, while the share of main activities would increase to 66% of the working time. The amount currently produced with five shifts would be achievable with just three shifts, using an additional reactor.
On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that the adherence to the principle of Lean production and the implementation of related methods are therefore of significant importance, as they allow for the identification of inefficiencies, focus improvement efforts on key causes, and thus enhance the efficiency of production processes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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