1,720,962 research outputs found
Yiri7 re skwestúl'ecwems-kucw: Secwepemc sense of place as language documentation and cultural revitalization
No full textIn this paper, the authors report and reflect on their real and virtual travels throughout Secwepemcúl’ecw – Shuswap Indigenous territory in the Interior of British Columbia, Canada - while documenting Secwepemc place naming and sense of place. The latter has involved interdisciplinary, indigenous community driven research throughout the territory to learn about the phonological, morphological and semantic composition of Secwepemc place names, as evidenced in a large data set from 17 Secwepemc communities. Beyond the linguistic taxonomy of Secwepemc place names and place naming, we discuss the system of demonstrative deixis that underlies place naming and wayfinding in the landscape of Secwepemcúl’ecw. It connects indigenous terms for geographic features with locational and directional terms that amount to what we describe as a “Secwepemc Geographic Positioning System.”
Moving beyond linguistic analysis, we explore how place naming indexes and embeds oral histories and traditions narrated in the Shuswap language that anchor personal and collective experience to social, political, spiritual and ecological experience and knowledge. All of these encompass a moral and historical dimension of sense of place. We show how an interdisciplinary approach that combines linguistic and ethnographic methods with indigenous epistemology, but especially with experiential teaching and learning, works well not only to explain Secwepemc sense of place, but also to engage younger generations in revitalizing connection to place. It also motivates their (re)-learning of the Secwepemc language.
Having worked with digital media (google earth, satellite images) to plot place-names, routes and itineraries together with elderly fluent speakers, we will also discuss the strengths and challenges of technology in the documentation of indigenous sense of place. While such digital media provide important and useful ways of locating and pin-pointing places, they represent pale images of the primary sensory experience on the land that connects landscape with ancestors’ narratives of the moral dimensions of sense of place – arguably the most relevant and profound experience of language revitalization. Based on these findings, we will discuss what may be some premises for an integrated theory of indigenous language documentation that stimulates local language revitalization by engaging the sensory and moral practice of teaching and learning on the land with the use of digital technology
Re Tlli7sa ell re uqw7úq̓wis: Engaging Indigenous language learners with an epic story through a language learning app.
No full textWhile some Indigenous languages in northwestern North America during the late 1800s and early 1900s fortuitously had local people, linguists and ethnographers recording verbatim texts from indigenous storytellers, Interior Salish languages for the most part did not benefit from that legacy, although in the 1960s to 1990s some text recording work – by then in audio – was done by linguists and ethnographers. However, as it pertains to the Secwepemc (Shuswap) language, in good part we are left with a body of English-only stsptekwll or oral traditions (Dawson1891, Boas 1895, Teit 1900) that were not recorded in the Indigenous language but were written down in English, at times with great detail, at times in summary form. Working in and through Secwepemctsin, between 2014 and 2016 the authors reconstructed the lengthy transformer epic of Tlli7sa and his brothers with a group of fluent speakers/elders. This stsptekwll involved (re)-constructing a detailed text of more than 300 sentences. Paying close attention to authenticity and detail in vocabulary as we described actions and movement, clothing and implements, and to ecology and geography, we produced detailed and, as best as we could, accurate narrations of the eighteen episodes of the story. In addition, throughout the editing process, we paid close attention to Secwepemctsin discursive conventions and grammar constructions, e.g. topic tracking, subordination, the use of passive voice, and other stylistic means deployed in storytelling. In this process we re-claimed this complex epic through many rounds of collaborative story writing and telling, being mindful that our language consultants were all victims of Indian Residential schooling in Canada, thus themselves reclaiming story telling in its method, language and rhetorical devices. Finally, we connected the story to places in the landscape that had been almost forgotten by recent generations, and embarked on journeys to those places with the team of elders and learners. Adding illustrations co-produced by the elders and a graphic artist brought the stories to life, as did visiting the places where events took place. Finally, we speak to the successes and challenges of turning the Tlli7sa epic – and potentially future stories – into digital learning apps: Apps do not directly engage being on the land, but our experiences with connecting apps to lived experience and told knowledge, thus using them as tools, address the fact that they can produce consciousness of history and ancient landscape, and thus enhance a sense of collective and individual well-being on ancestral lands. References: Boas, Franz, 1895 (2016), Indianische Sagen von der Nord-Pazifischen Küste Amerikas. Berlin. (Engl. Translation edited by R. Bouchard and D. Kennedy 2002) Dawson, George M., 1891, Notes on the Shuswap People of British Columbia. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada. 1st Series 9(2):3-44. Teit, James A., 1909, The Shuswap. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 4 (7); Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, 2 (7). Leiden and New York (Reprinted by AMS Press, New York, 1975)
Indigenous language story-work: Examples from Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) and Xaad Kil (Haida)
No full textWithin the canons of indigenous language documentation and linguistic analysis, “texts” – as ancient handed down narratives of the “trickster” genre, or as oral histories that speak to groups’ and individuals’ past lived experiences – have usually been considered as one component of the “holy trinity” of corpus data. On the basis of collaborative work with Secwépemctsin (Shuswap) and Xaad Kil (Haida) speakers and learners, we examine innovative ways of doing indigenous language story work as it serves the practical purpose of language documentation, revitalization and learning. Having worked with narratives among speakers and learners of Secwépemctsin and Xaad Kil, we will discuss some of the challenges and successes of transcribing and translating, editing, annotating, understanding, celebrating and re-creating indigenous narratives as a way to breathe new life into our languages. One component of this work deals with ways in which we can meaningfully reconstruct and re-gain into living oral repertoire narratives told by past knowledge keepers and speakers that never made it to the printed page, let alone to audio-recording in the indigenous language. Such texts survive in English translations only, recorded in the past through the medium of Chinuk Wáwa, or through the work of indigenous interpreters. We will show how careful contextualization of social and cultural knowledge, ecological messages, references to particular places and landscapes allow us to re-constitute and re-gain such narratives as equipment for living among language speakers, learners and practitioners in our speech communities. A second component of our work deals with ways of making sense of the messages of narratives, as we either re-construct them or decipher them where they do exist in indigenous language recordings. We then look at how narratives embed social, ecological, geographic and moral messages in specific poetic language and word play. Comparatively, we examine some features of the stylistic devices around which narratives function in this capacity. Based on these findings, and on our experiences of having workshopped narratives as a component of indigenous language teaching, we show that they, in whole or in part, can act as meaningful mnemonic devices for learners of indigenous languages. Particular parts of narratives, whether they involve lines of character speech, poetic visualizations of experience that deploy grammatical forms like classifiers and instrumentals (Xaad Kil) lexical suffixes (Secwépemctsin) , or rhythmic forms of speech (alliteration and parallel lines rather than rhyme) can serve as scaffolding for learners to memorize linguistic structures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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