1,721,000 research outputs found
Genomics, proteomics, metabolomics: what is in a word for multiple sclerosis?
No full textPurpose of review Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory neurological disease. Despite major advances the aetiology of this disease it is still not completely understood. In the post-genome era, advances in global screening technologies offer an opportunity to accelerate the search of new pathological pathways and to identify new therapeutic targets. Some recent publications using novel global screening methods at the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome levels are discussed. Recent findings The genetic association of susceptibility to MS with loci outside the MHC has been reconfirmed. Evidence of parent-of-origin and seasonal effects on disease susceptibility add further complexity to the genetics of MS. The search for MS susceptibility genes continues using the candidate-gene approach as well as large-scale single-nucleotide-polymorphism association studies and novel cross-species synteny analysis. Genome-wide expression profiling using microarrays produced numerous therapeutic targets and is progressing towards profiling of rare cells. Advances in classical proteomics methods paved the way to new initiatives aiming at determining the proteome of the nervous system in normal and diseased states. Although progress is still slow, array-based methods are making an impact on the MS field. Summary The complexity of MS is clearly reflected in the latest findings using global profiling methods. Nevertheless, these new technologies are confirming some of the basic aspects of the disease pathophysiology, i.e. its polygenicity, the central role of neuroinflammation and the emerging neurodenegerative processes. These data are primarily the results of genomic approaches, yet promising attempts are also made using proteomics and metabolomics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Influence of Joule Heating and Heat Source on Radiative MHD Flow over a Stretching Porous Sheet with Power-Law Heat Flux
No full textIn this paper, a detailed investigation on MHD flow over a porous stretching sheet was conducted by taking power-law heat flux and heat source into account. Series solutions are achieved for the reduced nondimensional ordinary differential equations by admitting an analytical technique known as a homotopy analysis method (HAM). A precise way of convergence of series solutions is also furnished. The attained results of the present study are in excellent connection with the previous results. Nature of magnetic parameter, permeability parameter, radiation parameter, Prandtl number, Eckert number, heat generation parameter and suction/injection parameters on velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are presented in tables and graphs
Analysis of Thermal radiation effects on MHD flow of a nanofluid over an exponentially stretching sheet with heat and mass fluxes in the occurrence of viscous dissipation
No full textThermal Radiation and Viscous Dissipation Effects on (MHD) Bioconvection Stream of Maxwell Nanoliquid over a Permeable Vertical Plate Due to Gyrotactic Microorganisms
No full textEffects of Slip and Radiation on Convective MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet Influenced by Variable Viscosity
No full textAbstract: The aim of the present investigation is framing the effect of thermalradiation and slip on a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Casson nanofluid flowover a stretching surface under the influence of variable viscosity andconvective boundary condition. First, non-dimensionally developedboundary layer equations are deduced with suitable transformations. Thenthey are solved numerically by the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with theshooting technique for different values of parameters. The most relevantresult of the present study is the fact that the augmented magneticfield strength, Casson fluid parameter, and the inclined angle underminethe flow velocity, establishing thinner hydrodynamics boundary layer,while the thermal slip and radiation parameters show the opposite trend.Another most important outcome is the fact that increase in the Prandtlnumber, radiation, viscosity, thermal slip, and radiation upsurges thefluid temperature, leading to improvement in the thermal boundary layer.The effects of different natural parameters on the skin frictioncoefficient and the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are examinedgraphically. For a limiting case of the present model, the obtainedsolution was found to be in excellent agreement with the existingliterature
A Study of Thermally Radiant Williamson Nanofluid Over an Exponentially Elongating Sheet with Chemical Reaction Via Homotopy Analysis Method
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