203,757 research outputs found
Dicristatus Irfan, Wang & Zhang 2023
No full textGenus <i>Dicristatus</i> Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2023 (¿ȒĦM) <p> <b>Type species.</b> <i>Dicristatus minutus</i> Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2023</p> <p> <b>Remark.</b> <i>Dicristatus</i> Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2023, a monotypic genus described from Wulipo National Nature Reserve, Wushan County, Chongqing Municipality, China.</p>Published as part of <i>Muhammad, Irfan, Wang, Lu-Yu & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2023, One new genus and nine new species of Linyphiidae spiders from Yintiaoling Nature Reserve, Chongqing of China, pp. 82-114 in Zootaxa 5257 (1)</i> on page 90, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5257.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7766060">http://zenodo.org/record/7766060</a>
KONSEP ‘IRFAN DALAM SAJAK-SAJAK IMAM KHOMEINI
No full textImam Khomeini (1902 M—1989 M) adalah sosok sufi yang produktif yang banyak menulis buku-buku bertema ‘irfan. Ia menggunakan istilah ‘irfan, bukan tasawuf, karena dalam mazhab Syi’ah istilah ‘irfan lebih populer ketimbang tasawuf. Sejak usia muda Imam Khomeini sudah menulis dan mengamalkan ajaran sufi. Pemikirannya tentang ‘irfan banyak dituangkan dalam bentuk sajak sufistik. Sajak merupakan media bagi Imam Khomeini untuk menyampaikan kerinduannya kepada Allah. Jenis ‘irfan dalam pandangan Imam Khomeini cenderung simbolik dan menggunakan ungkapan-ungkapan filosofis. ‘Irfan dan filsafat dalam pandangan Imam Khomeini tidak terpisah. Bahkan jika dikelompokkan, maka model ‘irfan Imam Khomeini adalah ‘irfan atau tasawuf falsafi
Vanderbylia kashmiriana U. Irfan, Khalid & Aziz 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <i>Vanderbylia kashmiriana</i> U. Irfan, Khalid & Aziz <i>sp. nov</i>. <b>(Figures 3 & 4)</b></p> <p>Mycobank: MB#849986</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> The specific epithet <b>‘</b> <i>kashmiriana’</i> refers to the locality of the collection, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> <i>Vanderbylia kashmiriana</i> differs from its closest species <i>V. delavayi</i> in creamy to pale yellow corky pileate basidiocarp with wavy margins, globose to sub-globose to ellipsoid, non-truncate and variably dextrinoid basidiospores (4.2) 5.4–6.7 (6.8) × (2.8) 3.5–5.5 (5.9) µm; with abundant arboriform hyphae; sub-clavate to obovoid basidia and the presence of clavate to obclavate cystidia.</p> <p> <b>Holotype:</b> PAKISTAN. Azad Jammu & Kashmir, District Bhimber, Tehsil Samahni (33° 3’52.63”N, 74° 5’45.40”E) 826 m a.s.l., at the base of <i>Zanthoxylum armatum</i> DC, October 17, 2022, SM 01 Uzma Irfan (LAH37856), GenBank (OR120349 ITS), (OR120347 LSU)</p> <p> <b>Basidiomata</b> perennial, pileate, corky when fresh, becoming hard corky upon drying, single to imbricate, smells like wood, taste not recorded. <i>Pileus</i> 190–210 mm in diameter, sulcate, glabrous, cream to pale yellow (Hue 5 Y 9/2) with wavy margins. <b>Context</b> cottony when fresh, hard upon drying; Pore surface round, concolorous with pileal surface. <b>Basidiospores</b> (4.2) 5.4–6.7 (6.8) × (2.8) 3.5–5.5 (5.9) µm, avL × avW 5.72 × 4.06, Q = 1.5–1.1, Q av = 1.27, globose to subglobose to ellipsoid, hyaline, with apiculus, highly dextrinoid. <b>Basidia</b> 21.3–27.8 × 4.3–5.7 µm, clavate to sub-clavate to obovoid, clamp connections present, hyaline in 5 % KOH; sterigmata 1–4 about 1.9–2.3 µm long, sharp; <b>Cystidia</b> 16.0–40.3 × 3.9–7.3 µm, abundant, polymorphic, clavate to obclavate to ventricose, tubular, apically encrusted, granular throughout, clamp connections present. <b>Plurocystidia</b> and <b>Pileocystidia</b> absent. Dimitic hyphal system in context and tubes, highly dextrinoid, olive green to hyaline (7.5Y 9/2) in 5 % KOH. <b>Contextual hyphal system:</b> Dimitic; Skeletal hyphae 1.2 × 5.0 µm, frequent, thick-walled with narrow lumen, rarely branched, Arboriform hyphae 3.6 × 14.7 µm, extensively branched like a tree with short lateral and terminal processes. <b>Tramal hyphal system</b> generative hyphae not observed. Skeletal hyphae 1.5 × 3.9 µm, frequent, thick-walled and branched.</p> <p> <b>Additional specimens examined</b> PAKISTAN. Azad Jammu & Kashmir, District Bhimber, Tehsil Samahni (Jandi Chontra), (33° 2’43.36”N, 74° 7’11.22”E) 1140 m. a. s. l. October 17, 2022, on wooden logs of angiosperm trees, SM02, Uzma Irfan (LAH37857), GenBank (OR120350 ITS), (OR120348 LSU), (33° 3’5.23”N, 74° 6’50.69”E) 896 m. a. s. l., SM03, Uzma Irfan (LAH37858), GenBank (OR120351 ITS), (33° 3’3.21”N, 74° 6’58.16”E) 904 m. a. s. l., SM04, Uzma Irfan, (LAH37859) GenBank (OR120352 ITS).</p>Published as part of <i>Khalid, Uzma Irfan Abdul Nasir & Aziz, Abida, 2023, Vanderbylia kashmiriana sp. nov. (Polyporales, Polyporaceae) from Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan, pp. 269-278 in Phytotaxa 616 (3)</i> on page 273, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.616.3.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10144754">http://zenodo.org/record/10144754</a>
RETHINKING INDUSTRIAL POLICY
No full textDespite the hold of the neoliberal orthodoxy on policy making in developing countries, industrial policy remains important for the promotion of industrial development. However, the context for the design of industrial policy has profoundly changed as a result of new rules governing international trade, the rise of global value chains and marketing networks, and other aspects of globalization. Traditionally, the case for industrial policy has been framed in terms of “market failures” but the paper argues that that is not a sufficient basis. After addressing the traditional points of criticism, an attempt is made to outline the “domains” of industrial policy in the current circumstances, especially for industrially lagging countries. As country contexts differ widely there are no satisfactory blueprints for policy making that countries can readily adopt. As in production decisions, considerable ingenuity and innovation is needed in designing policies. This is all the more necessary as the WTO rules have become increasingly stringent and the rise of international trading networks has created new barriers for young firms to enter the world market. These developments have changed the context but not the importance of policy in industrial development. The paper identifies areas where government intervention is needed and can still make a positive difference.
Pameranku di Soemardja
No full textBuku katalog pameran ini diterbitkan untuk mendampingi pameran tunggal Mohammad Irfan di Galeri Soemardja, 30 April – 27 Mei 2011. Karya-karya M. Irfankali ini merekomendasikan psiko-biografi. Respon pertama adalah bagaimana hasil karya yang berkorespondensi dengan sensabilitas psikis ketimbang koneksi antar rasio. Dalam kurasinya, Aminudin TH. Siregar mengatakan bahwa jika dibandingkan dengan serial karya-karyasebelumnya, dari segi tema karya-karya terbaru M. Irfan menawarkan banyak perbedaan. Meskipun Irfan menawarkan masalah-masalah baru, tetapi tidak sepenuhnya meninggalkan vitalitas ‘romantisme’, pada karya-karya terbaru romantisme ditempatkan sebagai latar. Melalui Pameranku di Soemardja, Irfan mengajak bersuka ria dalam dunia yang sengaja dikonstruksi secara paradoks. Pameran ini menawarkan secara terbuka psiko-biografi seniman. Buku ini cukup sederhana, bagian awal berisi tulisan kuratorial pameran, bagian kedua menampilkan karya-karya Irfan, dan bagian ketiga tentang diodata seniman.Kata kunci : katalog, pameran, seni rup
Modeling of NH3–NO–SCR reaction over CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor using artificial intelligence techniques
No full textComparative study of the artificial neural network and mechanistic model was carried out for NO removal in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The effects of temperature, superficial gas velocity and ammonia/nitric oxide ratio on the NO removal efficiency were determined and their optimum conditions were estimated by the experimental study, the artificial neural network and mechanistic models as well. The optimum values of ammonia/nitric oxide ratio, temperature and superficial gas velocity for the maximum NO removal efficiency were found to be 1.5, 300 degrees C and 0.098 m/s, respectively. A mechanistic model was implemented in our previous study [Muhammad F. Irfan, Sang Done Kim and Muhammad R. Usman, 2009] and it was found that this model fitted well only at specific condition i.e. maximum conversion temperature (300 degrees C). However, it failed to perfectly match with rest of the experimental data points at other temperatures and parametric conditions as well. To improve this, an artificial neural network modeling strategy was applied and its predictions were evaluated which were favorably matched with the experimental data rather than the mechanistic model. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Parbatthorax proiectus Irfan & Peng 2019, sp. nov.
No full textParbatthorax proiectus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 29B068AE-D2E4-4BC7-813D-197825629C3D Figs 1–7 Diagnosis The new species is closely related to Parbatthorax unicornis Tanasevitch, 2019 in having the male carapace modified with a thick horn-shaped spine and the palp with a similar embolic division (Figs 1–4; Tanasevitch 2019: figs 1–8). It can, however, be distinguished by the denticulate tibial apophyse and the highly modified paracymbium in the new species (Figs 2 A–D, 3A–B, 4A–B), whereas the tibial teeth are absent and the paracymbium is less modified in P. unicornis (Tanasevitch 2019: fig. 3). Etymology The species name comes from the Latin adjective ‘ proiectus ’ meaning ‘protruding’ and refers to the projections on the distal margin of the male palpal tibia. The gender is masculine. Material examined Holotype CHINA – Yunnan Province • ♂; Lushui County, Pianma Township, Chanyan He, 9.3 km ESE of Pianma; 25.99363° N, 98.66651° E; 2470 m a.s.l.; 14 May 2005; Charles Griswold leg.; mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forest; beating understory vegetation; HNU CGY107. Paratypes CHINA – Yunnan Province • 11 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; HNU CGY107 • 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Mingguang Township, Zizhi Village; 25.78277° N, 98.61633° E; 2200 m a.s.l.; 21 May 2006; Ming-wei Yang leg.; HNU YHY10 • 2 ♀♀; Tengchong County, Jietou Township, Datang Village, on the road from Daheling Ganjiao to Dashu Dujuan; 25.42018° N, 98.40946° E; 2430 m a.s.l.; 17 May 2006; Xian-jin Peng, Xin-ping Wang and Peng Hu leg.; HNU Peng 060517 • 1 ♀; Jietou Township, Datang Village, Daheling Ganjiao; 25.74556° N, 98.69630° E; 2030 m a.s.l.; 15 May 2006; Xian-jin Peng, Xin-ping Wang and Peng Hu leg.; HNU Peng 060515 • 1 ♀; Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, S of Dizhengdang Village along Silalong He above main N/S road; 28.07654° N, 98.32603° E; 1890 m a.s.l.; 28 Oct. 2004; D.H. Kavanaugh leg.; HNU DHK-2004-058 A. Description Male BODY AND HEAD. Total length 1.52–1.76. Holotype (Figs 1 A–B, 3C–D): total length 1.58. Carapace brown, 0.58 long, 0.61 wide; cephalic lobe 0.29 long; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct; ocular region with three thick, horn-like spines. Clypeus 0.31 high. Sternum longer than wide, dark brown, with spine-like hairs. Labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broad, with scopulae. Chelicerae with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Eye region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, slightly wider than ARE, PME present on cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.06, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.03, PME–PME 0.07, AME–ALE, 0.01, PME–PLE 0.05, AME–PME 0.11, ALE–ALE 0.20, PLE–PLE 0.24, ALE–PLE contiguous. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I 2.62 (0.71, 0.86, 0.63, 0.42), II 2.55 (0.70, 0.83, 0.61, 0.41), III 2.08 (0.62, 0.64, 0.48, 0.34), IV 2.5 (0.69, 0.79, 0.65, 0.37). LEG FORMULA. I–II–IV–III. TmI 0.32 and TmIV 0.27. TIBIAL SPINE FORMULA. 2–2–1–1. ABDOMEN. 1.00 long, 0.68 wide, oval, grey, middorsally with broad light patch followed by three chevrons extending towards base of spinnerets, ventral side grey. PALP (Figs 2 A–D, 3A–B, 4A–B). Patella as long as tibia; tibia short, distal part with four apophyses with teeth, looking like a flower in ventral view; paracymbium sclerotized, proximal part simple; distal arm highly modified, with a hook-shaped process. Tegulum excavated ventrally. Distal suprategular apophysis robust basally and narrowing gradually towards tip. Embolic division: convector round, with distal apophysis protruding upward; median membrane reduced; radix covered by convector in retrolateral view; embolus sclerotized, long, slightly curved and directed forward. Female BODY AND HEAD. Total length 1.69–1.98. One of the paratypes (CGY107, Fig. 1 C–D): total length 1.95. Carapace brown, 0.74 long, 0.61 wide, middorsally slightly elevated; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.19 high. Sternum brown, wider than long, with spine-like hairs. Labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broad, with scopulae. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Eye region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, slightly wider than AER. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.05, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.03, AME– ALE, 0.01, PME–PLE 0.03, AME–PME 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.22, PLE–PLE 0.25, ALE–PLE contiguous. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I 2.66 (0.79, 0.82, 0.68, 0.37), II 2.65 (0.76, 0.85, 0.66, 0.38), III 2.11 (0.65, 0.63, 0.51, 0.32), IV 2.59 (0.74, 0.84, 0.64, 0.37). LEG FORMULA. I–II–IV–III. TmI 0.29 and TmIV 0.21. TIBIAL SPINE FORMULA. 2–2–1–1. ABDOMEN. Pale, 1.34 long, 1 wide, oval, all other morphological characters as in male. EPIGYNE (Figs 5 A–B, 6A–C). Wider than long, sclerotized; ventral plate wider than long, narrow posteriorly; copulatory opening located at posterior end between dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate sclerotized, wider than long. INTERNAL GENITALIA. Copulatory ducts sinuous, longitudinally folded laterally; spermathecae oval, present mesally, separated by a distance of two times of their width; fertilization ducts short, extending mesally. Distribution China (Yunnan, Fig. 7).Published as part of Irfan, Muhammad & Peng, Xianjin, 2019, The genus Parbatthorax Tanasevitch, 2019 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) new to China, with a new species from the Gaoligong Mountains, pp. 1-11 in European Journal of Taxonomy 555 on pages 3-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.555, http://zenodo.org/record/347028
"Applyıng poetry to the scıences" or Sunbulzade's phılosophy understandıng and vıew to scıences
No full textSunbulzade is an Ottoman poet-thinker. He is from Maras and lives in 18thcentury. He was müderris, Qadı and delegate. He is known by his poetic dictionaries and continuing the tradition of Nabi. His concern about the philosophy and his Works on the philosophy are not known in the world of thought. This research focuses on this aspect of the thinker. In other words, his wisdom understanding (hikmah) and the view of science (ilim) will be discussed. Because the author claims that he studied philosophy, took pleasure in studying it and followed the philosophical discipline (öğreti). Moreover he is from an 'ulama' and of 'suara' family. In the libraries, we can find a work of him about kalam and logic. Furthermore, he has a book on ethics discipline called "Lutfıyye". The poet-thinker presents his views on hikmah and the science by this work. His work can be evaluated in two parts. First one is his understanding and classification of sciences/philosophy and the second one is his thought of ethics. This study dealing with the first part consists of three sections. They are Sumbulzade's identity and his philosophical concern, his work about the science and his understanding of hikmah and view of sciences. In other words, his place on our philosophical tradition is specified under these sections.Sünbülzade , bir Osmanlı şair düşünürüdür. Maraşlıdır ve 18. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Müderrislik, kadılık, elçilik görevleri yapmış, yazdığı şiirsel sözlükleri yanında Nabi geleneğini sürdürmesi ile tanınmaktadır. Şairimizin felsefeye olan ilgisi, felsefeyle meşguliyeti düşünce dünyamızda bilinmemektedir. İşte bu çalışma düşünürün bu yönüne odaklanmaktadır. Başka bir ifadeyle bu yazıda düşünürümüzün hikmet anlayışı ve ilimlere bakışı ele alınacaktır. Çünkü yazar bizatihi felsefe okuduğunu, keyif aldığını, bir süre felsefî öğreti peşinde gittiğini söylemektedir. İkinci olarak o bir 'ulema' ve 'şuara' ailesinden gelmektedir. Kütüphanelerde, onun adını taşıyan kelam ve mantıkla ilgili bir eser bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca o, felsefenin ahlak disiplini alanında, ancak pendname geleneğinde Lütfiyye adıyla bir esere sahip bulunmaktadır. Şair-düşünürümüz, hikmete ve ilimlere bakışını bu çalışmasında ortaya koymaktadır. Onun bu eseri, bu açıdan iki kısımda değerlendirilebilir. Birincisi ilim/felsefe anlayışı ve sınıflaması, ikincisi ahlak düşüncesi. Birincisini ele alan yazımız üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Sünbülzade'nin kimliği, felsefe ilgisi ve bilimlerle ilgili eseri, üçüncü olarak hikmet anlayışı ve ilimlere bakışı. Diğer bir ifadeyle şairimizin felsefe geleneğimiz içerisindeki yeri belirtilen başlıklar altında belirlenmeye çalışılmaktadır
A discrete-time performance model for congestion control mechanism using queue thresholds with QOS constraints
No full textYesThis paper presents a new analytical framework for the congestion control of Internet traffic using a
queue threshold scheme. This framework includes two discrete-time analytical models for the performance
evaluation of a threshold based congestion control mechanism and compares performance measurements through
typical numerical results. To satisfy the low delay along with high throughput, model-I incorporates one
threshold to make the arrival process step reduce from arrival rate ¿1 directly to ¿2 once the number of packets in
the system has reached the threshold value L1. The source operates normally, otherwise. Model-II incorporates
two thresholds to make the arrival rate linearly reduce from ¿1 to ¿2 with system contents when the number of
packets in the system is between two thresholds L1 and L2. The source operates normally with arrival rate ¿1
before threshold L1, and with arrival rate ¿2 after the threshold L2. In both performance models, the mean packet
delay W, probability of packet loss PL and throughput S have been found as functions of the thresholds and
maximum drop probability. The performance comparison results for the two models have also been made
through typical numerical results. The results clearly demonstrate how different load settings can provide
different tradeoffs between throughput, loss probability and delay to suit different service requirements
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