1,721,130 research outputs found
Introduzione
No full textL'economia della ricerca è un filone di studi relativamente recente legato alle grandi trasformazioni economiche e tecnologiche degli ultimi due decenni, agli effetti della ristrutturazione dei sistemi produttivi, alla riforma dei sistemi pubblici e dei meccanismi di finanziamento della ricerca, alla scarsità di risorse e al sottoinvestimento pubblico e privato in attività scientifiche (anche se il settore privato viene assumendo sempre maggiore importanza, in particolare nel campo della ricerca di base), alla perdita di peso dell'Università e dei centri di ricerca, all'enfasi con cui l'opinione pubblica è interessata alla correttezza dei comportamenti e alla trasparenza dei rapporti tra ricerca scientifica ed interessi industriali e commerciali, al rapporto tra ricerca e occupazione, ricerca ed energia e ambiente, ricerca e commercio internazionale, ricerca e consumi, ecc. Questo volume affronta la varietà tematica di questa disciplina dal punto di vista teorico e con analisi di taglio empirico
European cities and foreign investment networks
No full textAlthough one of the core questions in the study of multinational enterprises (MNEs) has been typically that of where their different operations take place, the spatial dimension of MNE investments and functions is still relatively underexplored in the literature. This paper investigates the networks formed by Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by applying network analysis techniques drawn from the world city network literature. Data are extracted from the FDi Markets database to describe and analyse the geography of FDI flows among a set of 3,500 cities and towns within the European Union (EU) Member States and their neighbourhood. The paper identifies hierarchical patterns of relations between different types of locations, and gains a finer-scaled appreciation of sectoral and functional specialisations of different regions within Europe
Global investments and regional development trajectories: the missing links
Get PDFGlobal investments and regional development trajectories: the missing links. Regional Studies. Regional economic development has been long conceptualized as a non-linear, interactive and socially embedded process: these features were traditionally regarded as spatially mediated and highly localized. However, unprecedentedly fast technological change coupled with the intensification of global economic integration has spurred the need to place regional development in a truly open and interdependent framework. Despite substantial progress in the academic literature, rethinking regional development in this perspective still presents a number of challenges in terms of concepts, empirical evidence and policy approaches. Following an interdisciplinary assessment of how openness and connectivity–proxied by one of the many cross-border flows, i.e., global investments–interact with regional economic development trajectories, this paper presents a picture of the geography of foreign investments from and to the European regions and its change after the financial and economic crisis in 2008. This simple exercise sheds some initial light on how the operationalization of regional connectivity can improve one’s empirical understanding of the evolution of regional economies and the policy approach needed to support their reaction to change
Innovation in risky markets: ownership and location advantages in the UK regions
Get PDFThis article analyses the relationship between firm’s perception of market risk and engagement in innovation. We conceptualise this relationship by integrating insights from the management literature on innovation barriers with those derived from the international business and economic geography perspectives on the interplay of ownership and location advantages. By exploiting a firm-level panel dataset based on the UK Innovation Survey for the period 2002–2008, we test the relationship between perception of market risk and innovation behaviour in relation to firm ownership—i.e. multinational enterprises (MNEs) versus single domestic enterprises—and location— across regional contexts characterised by different degrees of technological dynamism. Our main results show that ownership advantages operate as a moderator by fundamentally affecting the direction of the relationship: while MNEs react positively to risk perception, single domestic firms reduce their innovation engagement as a strategy to cope with market uncertainty. Yet, ownership advantages play a pivotal role only in relatively inert or stable contexts, as in technologically dynamic regions differences between domestic firms and MNEs disappear
ICT production and labour productivity in the Italian regions
No full textThe requirements of the knowledge-based economy and the contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) to socio-economic change have had a significant impact upon regional economic performance in the European Union. So far, however, the literature on the implications of the ICT paradigm for labour productivity growth has largely neglected the (sub-national) regional dimension. By using experimental micro-data, this paper first provides a picture of the regional contributions to labour productivity growth in Italy in the period 2001–2005. Second, it explores the relationship between ICT production and regional labour productivity in the same reference period. In line with previous studies at the country level, our findings highlight a strongly positive relationship between ICT production and regional labour productivity growth, at the same time suggesting a complementary relationship between ICT production and diffusion in explaining interregional differences in productivity performances
What drives European multinationals to the European Union neighbouring countries? A mixed-methods analysis of Italian investment strategies
No full textThis article aims to investigate the economic integration between the European Union and its neighbouring countries by exploring the location drivers of Italian Multinational Enterprises in 33 destination countries including the New Member States of the European Union and the European Neighbouring Countries. The article compares market- and efficiency-seeking motivations with asset-seeking strategies. The analysis is based on a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative analysis assesses the location determinants of 518 Italian Multinational Enterprises that invested in the area in the years 2003–2008, whereas qualitative information on strategic location decisions is collected by means of in-depth interviews with executives in two of the largest Italian Multinational Enterprises active in the region. Market-seeking considerations are still predominant drivers of location decisions in European Union Neighbouring Countries together with resource-seeking motivations. However, different Multinational Enterprises develop diversified strategies to increase their access to these areas, which are of increasing interest for global investors
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