323,292 research outputs found
Salvia macrantha Hylander
No full textS. macrantha (K. Koch) Hylander (Betonica grandiflora Stephan, B. macrantha K. Koch, S. grandiflora Bentham non Host) 3: Zermatt, an der Visp (Mme Deletra 1944).Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-55
Sjuttiofem år efter Nils Hylander : nytt ljus över engelska landskapsparker och deras flora i Sverige
No full textDuring World War II, Nils Hylander worked on his monumental theses about the wood lawn neophytes [German: Grassameneinkömmlinge] of Swedish parks. Most probably, the original aim was to date and locate the sources of the imported seed that had obviously been widely used in the 1800’s for establishing lawns in parks of the English style, but due to restrictions to work and travel during the war, Hylander’s work became mostly focussed on describing the constituents of the ’park flora’ and in particular the many non-indegenous species of Hieracium sect. Hieracium fincluded. Since the time of Hylander, many new sites with the characteristic wood lawn neophytes (e.g. Poa chaixii, Luzula luzuloides, Tristum flavescens, Bromopsis erectus, Galium pumilum, Phyteuma spp. and many Hieracium spp.) have been found, both in Sweden and in other countries. Here, our present knowledge about these wood lawn neophytes is summarised and discussed, their conservation value from both biological and cultural history perspectives is discussed, and a complete list of known sites in Sweden, 624 altogether, is presented. In addition, statistical analyses of the flora is attempted to test some of the major hypotheses and assumptions of Hylander. It is concluded that the number of sites where the imported seed has been used is far larger than previously understood and that it was probably used over a longer period of time (possibly 1750–1935) than previously believed. With exception for Trisetum flavescens which is mostly found in the older parks, the species composition of the seed used appear to have remained remarkably constant throughout this long period. Statistical analyses does not confirm the widely accepted conclusion of Hylander that the seed had two different (French and German) geographic origins but rather suggests that more or less the same mix of seed and species have been sown at all parks concerned. Revisits at some of the Swedish parks suggests that in c. 20 % of them no wood lawn neophytes remain today and at c. 60 % of the sites only impoverished fragments of the original lawns can be found, but there are also some well-preserved sites. It is argued that from the perspective of cultural and gardening history, conservation of extant remnants ought to receive much higher priority than presently, and since the history in Sweden of the species concerned appears to be considerably longer than previously believed, their value from a nature conservation perspective should be reconsidered and they may be considered for inclusion on the national Redlist
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Seventy-five years after Nils Hylander – new light on the wood lawn neophytes of English landscape gardens in Sweden
No full textDuring World War II, Nils Hylander worked on his monumental theses about the wood lawn neophytes [German: Grassameneinkömmlinge] of Swedish parks. Most probably, the original aim was to date and locate the sources of the imported seed that had obviously been widely used in the 1800’s for establishing lawns in parks of the English style, but due to restrictions to work and travel during the war, Hylander’s work became mostly focussed on describing the constituents of the ’park flora’ and in particular the many non-indegenous species of Hieracium sect. Hieracium fincluded. Since the time of Hylander, many new sites with the characteristic wood lawn neophytes (e.g. Poa chaixii, Luzula luzuloides, Tristum flavescens, Bromopsis erectus, Galium pumilum, Phyteuma spp. and many Hieracium spp.) have been found, both in Sweden and in other countries. Here, our present knowledge about these wood lawn neophytes is summarised and discussed, their conservation value from both biological and cultural history perspectives is discussed, and a complete list of known sites in Sweden, 624 altogether, is presented. In addition, statistical analyses of the flora is attempted to test some of the major hypotheses and assumptions of Hylander. It is concluded that the number of sites where the imported seed has been used is far larger than previously understood and that it was probably used over a longer period of time (possibly 1750–1935) than previously believed. With exception for Trisetum flavescens which is mostly found in the older parks, the species composition of the seed used appear to have remained remarkably constant throughout this long period. Statistical analyses does not confirm the widely accepted conclusion of Hylander that the seed had two different (French and German) geographic origins but rather suggests that more or less the same mix of seed and species have been sown at all parks concerned. Revisits at some of the Swedish parks suggests that in c. 20 % of them no wood lawn neophytes remain today and at c. 60 % of the sites only impoverished fragments of the original lawns can be found, but there are also some well-preserved sites. It is argued that from the perspective of cultural and gardening history, conservation of extant remnants ought to receive much higher priority than presently, and since the history in Sweden of the species concerned appears to be considerably longer than previously believed, their value from a nature conservation perspective should be reconsidered and they may be considered for inclusion on the national Redlist
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Modeling vitamin B1 transfer to consumers in the aquatic food web
No full textVitamin B-1 is an essential exogenous micronutrient for animals. Mass death and reproductive failure in top aquatic consumers caused by vitamin B-1 deficiency is an emerging conservation issue in Northern hemisphere aquatic ecosystems. We present for the first time a model that identifies conditions responsible for the constrained flow of vitamin B-1 from unicellular organisms to planktivorous fishes. The flow of vitamin B-1 through the food web is constrained under anthropogenic pressures of increased nutrient input and, driven by climatic change, increased light attenuation by dissolved substances transported to marine coastal systems. Fishing pressure on piscivorous fish, through increased abundance of planktivorous fish that overexploit mesozooplankton, may further constrain vitamin B-1 flow from producers to consumers. We also found that key ecological contributors to the constrained flow of vitamin B-1 are a low mesozooplankton biomass, picoalgae prevailing among primary producers and low fluctuations of population numbers of planktonic organisms
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
Handledning och konsultation [Elektronisk resurs] : jämförelse mellan två professionella psykologiska processer
No full text This report adresses the two concepts of Supervision and Consultation.Consultation is defined according to the tradition within Human Service Consultation and particularly to Gerald Caplans`Mental Health Consultation. It is proposed that Gerald Caplans` way of differentiating between 4 types of consultation, can be used in a more general way to include various types of consultationmodels from other traditions. For consultation 5 main criteras are synthezised from different definitons of consultation. For supervision, an overview of different types of supervision is presented. A comparison in regard to the main criterias is made between the two processes most difficult to separate, i.e. psychological (consultee centered case) consultation and "on the job supervision", when the supervisor has no administrative power. Two concepts salient to the supervison process, learning alliance and educational diagnoses are also discussed.It is proposed that analyzing the basic function of the relation between the client and the consultee, in real life, is always prior to defining the indirect helping process e. g. separating the process of supervision from the process of consultation.Finally a third process named "role structuring" is presented, separate from both supervision and psychological consultation. Role structuring is used when the relation between client and consultee is semi professional, or when the professional limits of this relation is only vaguely defined . Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att jämföra handledning och konsultation som psykologiska processer, och att diskutera om det går att göra en distinktion mellan de två processerna som är användbar och meningsfull. Med användbar menar jag en i praktiken entydig distinktion. Med meningsfull menar jag att med distinktionen följer betydelsefulla konsekvenser för respektive process.Min egen utgångspunkt är Gerald Caplans Mentalhälsokonsultation, som den har utvecklats inom Human Service Consultation i USA (Caplan,1970; Mannino & Shore,1985; Gallessich,1982) och dess tillämpning och vidareutveckling i Sverige (Carlberg, Guvå & Teurnell,1980; Guvå,1990; 1993; Brodin, Hylander & Pilz- Maliks,1990) Där inget annat anges kommer jag att utgå från G. Caplans avgränsning och definition av konsultation:a process of interaction between two professional persons- the consultant, who is a specialist, and the consultee, who inwokes the consultants help in regard to a current work- problem, with which he is having some difficulty, and which he has decided is within the other´s area of specialized competence.(Caplan 1970 s 19)The supervisor is usually a senior member of the same professional speciality as the supervisee, whereas a consultant is usually of a different specialty from the consultee.(Caplan 1970 s 22)För att kunna göra en jämförelse vill jag emellertid först undersöka hur allmängiltig Caplans definition och indelning av konsultation är. Jag kommer här att hänvisa till tidigare gjorda litteratursökningar och genomgångar. (Hylander 1989 a och b)När det gäller handledning utgår jag inte på samma sätt från en bestämd definition eller modell, utan mitt syfte är att utifrån olika definitioner hitta en indelningsgrund, för att kunna kategorisera olika typer av handledning. Genom detta tillvägagångssätt vill jag ringa in i vilka samanhang de två processerna sammanblandas och är svåra att åtskilja.Därefter kommer jag att diskutera några kriterier, som utgör en konsekvens av definitionen av konsultation, för att undersöka om dessa är särskiljande när det gäller strukturella olikheter mellan de två processerna handledning och konsulta- tion, och om de får betydelse för konsultandens respektive handledarens förhållningssätt.</p
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