1,720,954 research outputs found
Åtgärder mot urbana värmeöar
Get PDFFysisk planering i allmänhet, och fysisk planering i syfte att motverka urbana värmeöeffekter i synnerhet, har en direkt påverkan på Sveriges miljömål. Att planera för klimatförändringar och möjligheten att både kunna motverka och anpassa en stad efter ökade urbana värmeöeffekter är dessutom något som både EU, FN och IPCC förespråkar. Stockholms stad har dock en otydlig kommunikation kring sitt arbete med urbana värmeöeffekter.
Fokus i detta arbete ligger på att utvärdera huruvida strategier för att motverka urbana värmeöar är en bakomliggande värdering i utformandet av Stockholms nyare bostadsområden, samt att se vad detta får för utfall i praktiken. Två områden, det nya Kvarteret Persikan och det snart 100 år gamla Röda Bergen, har jämförts utifrån ett bedömningssystem. Resultatet visar att skillnaderna är små, speciellt gällande faktorer som urban utformning, vegetation och materialval. Resultatet visar också att det finns behov av att utveckla ett heltäckande bedömningssystem anpassat efter nordiska förhållanden.Spatial planning in general, and spatial planning related to mitigation of urban heat island effects in particular, has a direct impact on Sweden’s environmental objectives. Furthermore, planning for climate change and the ability to both mitigate and adapt a city to increased urban heat island effects is encouraged by the EU, as well as the UN and IPCC. However, the City of Stockholm’s communication regarding their work related to urban heat islands is unclear.
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to evaluate whether strategies to counteract urban heat island effects is an underlying valuation in the planning and design of newly built areas in Stockholm, as well as to evaluate the practical outcome. Two areas, the new Kvarteret Persikan and the, soon to be, 100 years old Röda Bergen has been compared, based on an assessment system. The result shows small differences between the two areas, especially regarding factors related to urban structure, vegetation, and materials. The result also shows that development of an assessment system adapted to Nordic conditions is needed for future evaluation
Collaborative design : a method for planning and development of community-led housing
Get PDFByggemenskaper är en typ av bostadsbyggande där de boende själva har en aktiv roll i planeringen och utformningen. Modellen lyfts allt oftare fram som ett komplement till konventionell produktion, då bostäderna tenderar att bli mer ekonomiskt, socialt och ekologiskt hållbara. Samtidigt innebär processen också komplexa utmaningar, både för de boende och medverkande arkitekter. Detta arbete undersöker mönsterspråk som metod för att stödja gemensam planering och gestaltning av byggemenskaper.
Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka mönsterspråk som metodik för gemensam gestaltning, genom att utveckla ett mönsterspråk anpassat för byggemenskaper. Arbetet bygger på litteraturstudier och tre fallstudier: Ze05 i Berlin, Alte Weberei Carré i Tübingen samt WagnisART i München. Genom analys av dessa byggemenskaper har ett antal utmaningar relaterade till gestaltningsprocesser, organisering och arkitektens roll identifierats.
Resultaten visar att mönsterspråk kan användas för att tydliggöra kommunikation om komplexa utmaningar. Det ger byggemenskaper, vars medlemmar ofta har varierande kunskapsnivå, en möjlighet att tillsammans forma och definiera sina samtal. Bland de identifierade mönstren framträder bland annat ”Arkitektens balansgång”, som illustrerar behovet av att förhålla sig till både gruppens visioner och de tekniska och ekonomiska ramarna. Metoden gör det också möjligt att jämföra olika projekt och lyfta fram principer som kan återanvändas i nya sammanhang.
Slutsatsen är att ett mönsterspråk kan fungera som ett praktiskt och reflekterande verktyg för arkitekter och grupper som vill genomföra byggemenskaper. Samtidigt kräver metoden vidare utveckling och prövning i fler kontexter. Arbetet bidrar därmed med ett första ramverk för hur arkitektonisk kunskap kan omvandlas till gemensamt tillgängliga mönster som stärker deltagarbaserade byggprocesser.Community-led housing (specifically referring to the “Baugemeinschaft/ Baugruppen”-methodology) denotes housing development in which residents often take an active role in planning and design. The model is increasingly presented as a complement to conventional production, as it tends to deliver more economically, socially, and ecologically sustainable outcomes. However, the process also poses complex challenges for both residents and participating architects. This thesis examines how a pattern language can be used as a method to support collaborative planning and design in community-led housing.
The aim is to formulate a methodology that identifies recurring problems in collective building processes, thereby strengthening co-creation between architects and residents. The study draws on a literature review and three case studies: Ze05 in Berlin, Alte Weberei Carré in Tübingen, and WagnisART in Munich. Through analysis of these projects, challenges related to design processes, organisation, and the architect’s role are identified and synthesised.
The findings show that a pattern language can clarify communication around complex issues and provide groups with varied levels of expertise a shared structure to shape and steer their conversations. Among the resulting patterns, “The Architect’s Balancing Act” exemplifies the need to reconcile group visions with technical and economic constraints. The method also enables cross-project comparison and the articulation of principles that can be transferred to new contexts.
Overall, the work argues that a pattern language can function as both a practical and reflective tool for architects and resident groups undertaking community-led housing. The thesis contributes an initial framework that translates architectural knowledge into accessible patterns and a syntactic structure for shared decision-making, while noting limitations regarding generalisability and the need for further testing in additional contexts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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