1,721,097 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Longitudinal changes in reinforcement learning during smoking cessation: a computational analysis using a probabilistic reward task [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textDespite progress in smoking reduction in the past several decades, cigarette smoking remains a significant public health concern world-wide, with many smokers attempting but ultimately failing to maintain abstinence. However, little is known about how decision-making evolves in quitting smokers. Based on preregistered hypotheses and analysis plan (https://osf.io/yq5th), we examined the evolution of reinforcement learning (RL), a key component of decision-making, in smokers during acute and extended nicotine abstinence. In a longitudinal, within-subject design, we used a probabilistic reward task (PRT) to assess RL in twenty smokers who successfully refrained from smoking for at least 30 days. We evaluated changes in reward-based decision-making using signal-detection analysis and five RL models across three sessions during 30 days of nicotine abstinence. Contrary to our preregistered hypothesis, punishment sensitivity emerged as the only parameter that changed during smoking cessation. While it is plausible that some changes in task performance could be attributed to task repetition effects, we observed a clear impact of the Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome (NWS) on RL, and a dynamic relationship between craving and reward and punishment sensitivity over time, suggesting a significant recalibration of cognitive processes during abstinence. In this context, the heightened sensitivity to negative outcomes observed at the last session (30 days after quitting) compared to the previous sessions, may be interpreted as a cognitive adaptation aimed at fostering long-term abstinence. While further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying punishment sensitivity during nicotine abstinence, these results highlight the need for personalized treatment approaches tailored to individual needs.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Investigating the influence of mood bias on reward perception and how this relates to mood instability
Get PDFMood influences our life satisfaction and affects our daily functioning, determining how we perceive risks and rewards and guiding our decisions. While neuroscience has demonstrated how outcomes affect mood, it has not fully explored the bidirectional relationship between mood and outcomes. This thesis aims to address that gap by understanding 1) if mood biases how valuable outcomes seem 2) if this bias differs across contexts and 3) how this can lead to mood instability and bipolar spectrum disorders.
The thesis begins by reviewing the literature on mood research in cognitive neuroscience. It then describes the development of an innovative smartphone app, "The Happiness Project", highlighting how it can be used to democratise research access and collect large datasets. In a large general population study (over 4000 participants) using the app, results show mood can bias the perceived value of rewards, even in non-monetary contexts. This effect is more pronounced in individuals with greater trait mood instability. The thesis then examines the influence of mood bias in social contexts using a novel task where participants received rewards in the form of feedback from others. Results show negative mood can bias people's expectations of reward, but it does not seem to impact the value of social rewards. Finally, the thesis focuses on an app-based clinical study comparing mood bias between individuals with bipolar disorder and controls. The results show a clear mood bias on reward valuation in the bipolar group, absent in the control group. Additionally, the magnitude of mood bias increases with the severity of manic symptoms, suggesting its relevance in maintaining bipolar spectrum disorder symptoms. The thesis concludes by discussing the various contexts in which mood influences reward valuation, offering insights into the spectrum of mood instability, ranging from the general population to bipolar disorder
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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