1,720,956 research outputs found
A Garden Among the Flames: Stylistic Changes in the Osma and Facundus Beatus Manuscripts as Reflections of Medieval Iberian Socio-Political Change
Get PDFScholars universally acknowledge the eleventh century as the turning point in medieval Iberian history. Léon-Castile did not ally with the papacy until 1080 at the Council of Burgos when their liturgical practices were forcefully changed from the Visigothic to Roman rite. The illumination style, controversially referred to as “Mozarabic,” emerged alongside this multi-century old Visigothic religious tradition. Therefore, this forced change resulted in the imposition of a new, foreign style found in Rome. Before the style was fully assimilated into the northern Iberian manuscripts, I argue that two eleventh-century Beatus manuscripts, the Facundus (1047) and Osma (1086), reflect the socio-political transitionary period in their use of local and foreign styles. Through stylistic analysis, I demonstrate that the instances of religious involvement — the introduction of the order of Cluny and the papal intervention regarding the Visigothic rite —catalyzed a stylistic progression out of the local style and into the foreign
Say What I am Called: A Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Self-Referential Inscriptions
No full textThis thesis compiles a working corpus of Anglo-Saxon self-referential inscribed artifacts to examine how the inscriptions and supports utilize self-reference to push the viewer to understand the social and cultural significance of such objects. The inscriptions fall into two broad categories: personal inscriptions reinforce the prestige of the makers, owners, and commissioners associated with them, while impersonal inscriptions authorize philosophical and social discourse through the adoption of literary and oral types (i.e. genres). In addition to an analysis of specific artifacts—ranging from diminutive rings to monumental stone crosses—I provide a quantitative analysis that illustrates the different uses of languages, scripts, and object types. As opposed to literary texts, self-referential inscribed objects create internally complete hermeneutic units that connect the text’s discursive meaning with the function and significance of the thing itself. The inscriptions and their supports structure knowledge about Anglo-Saxon social relationships, liturgical practices, and cultural wisdom
Hidden and Unremembered: The Misattributions of the Seventeenth-Century Works by Judith Leyster, Clara Peeters and Rachel Ruysch
Get PDFFocusing on the genre painting of Clara Peeters, Judith Leyster and Rachel Ruysch, this thesis will contextualize the misattribution of their works to contemporaneous male painters and explain the ramifications of these misattributions for the field of art history. In some cases, works made by Peters and Leyster, or other female Dutch Baroque artists, are attributed to prominent male artists such as Frans Snyders or Frans Hals. Art connoisseurs and collectors also attributed works by female painters to their husbands or fathers, as was the case for several works by Leyster. Given the likely role of a woman in early modern patriarchal society, I will consider how the gendered subjects of still-life works, which include compositions which feature the interior domestic household, suggest female authorship. To complement the analysis of female artists from northern Europe, this paper also considers some of the gender issues of biography of women, acknowledging figures like Artemisia Gentileschi, an artist whose modern fame derives largely from her biography as a victim of rape. By examining the history of connoisseurship in the seventeenth century—when art dealers cultivated a clientele drawn from the Grand Tour in Europe—my thesis demonstrates that dealers faced increasing motivation to raise the purchase price of paintings by assigning them to well-known male artists, as buyers were both gullible and indifferent to the details of a work’s creation. I then follow connoisseurship practices up to the present, ultimately tracing the connection between connoisseurship and the art historical understanding of the seventeenth-century women artists' role in history. These three women artists, prominent during their time, are under-explored in scholarship as well as the history of their loss in reputation which this paper examines. Seeking to answer why many of these misattributions took so long to come to light, this paper explores the reattribution process for paintings by Peeters and Leyster, considers the possible catalysts for these reattributions, and shows why it is important to bring long overdue recognition to these women artists
Templates and the Production of Architectural Frames in Some French Manuscripts of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries
No full textThe manuscript now divided between British Library MS Add. 28162 (28162; Somme le Roi) and Yates Thompson MS 11 (YT11; Traité de la sainte abbaye), contained at least fourteen exquisite full-page miniatures illustrating the two texts; eleven for the Somme and three for the Traité de la sainte abbaye. Its opulence derives in part from its elaborate architectural borders that depict the most up-to-date building fashions. These borders are part of a widespread interest in complex architectural frames, most typically exemplified by the Saint Louis Psalter (BNF MS lat. 10525). However, unlike the Saint Louis Psalter and the closely related Queen Isabella Psalter (Fitzwilliam Museum MS 300), the architectural frames of the British Library Somme take a wide variety of forms over the course of the manuscript and often interact directly with the images they contain. I suggest that while the use of templates or patterns was likely in all cases, that the artists of the British Library Somme treated their templates as a series of interlocking parts that they altered in direct relationship to the central image. Consequently, I argue that frame and image were mutually informing, with the narrative using the architecture to amplify its meaning. The frame operates less like a stage than like a physical building, the spaces or decoration of which might be exploited as relevant to enhance a performance. Ultimately, this paper demonstrates how the use of technologies and tools can result in different artistic outcomes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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