1,720,959 research outputs found
Strategies for Management of Teachers ‘Resource Centres to Support Teachers ‘Professional Development-Lessons from Dodoma Region, Tanzania
Full text linkObjective: this qualitative study is about investigating experiential management strategies
used by Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in improving Teacher Resource Centres (TRC) to
support teachers’ professional development (TPD). Prior or originality of study: the study was carried
out because management of TRCs in Tanzania was under Ministry of Science and Technology before
commencement of LGAs in 1982 which led to the decentralization of public services to carter for
service delivery. Approach: purposive sampling was employed to get participants to include in the
study. Data were collected by using documentary review, observation and semi-structured interview
methods, and analysed thematically. Results: the study found that DPEOs and TRC Coordinators use
tutors from schools, rent TRCs buildings for public activities, share other institutions resources, use
school competitions to acquire teaching materials, secure funds from banks, and Children in Crossfire
and Education Quality Improvement Programmes as education programmes improve operation of
TRCs. Implication: TRCs are optional places for in-service training to support TPD, management of
TRCs lack formal budget from the LGAs’ education management structure, and challenges limiting
TRCs activities are human, material and financial resources. Value: the study is useful particularly in
policymaking, enhancement of TPD and improvement of quality of TRCs
Determinants of instructors' attitudes toward competency-based curriculum in Tanzanian technical education and training: a correlational study
No full textInstructors play a crucial role in implementing a competency-based curriculum (CBC), and their attitudes are a significant factor for successful execution. However, their attitudes toward CBC in Tanzanian technical education and training (TET) institutions are unknown. Specifically, this study investigated the predictive power of institutional factors (physical resources, management ethos, professional development), CBC attributes (relative advantage, complexity, observability, and compatibility), and instructors' profiles on attitudes toward CBC in Tanzania TET institutions. A quantitative correlational research design was employed to generate data. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the study areas, TET institutions, and instructors. A total of 337 instructors from 50 TET institutions across three regions - Mwanza, Dodoma, and Arusha - participated in the study. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression. Findings revealed that institutional factors, CBC attributes, and instructors' profiles, especially age, teaching experience and CBC training, significantly predict instructors' attitudes toward the CBC. However, gender, education level, and promotion rank were not statistically significant predictors. The study recommends capacity building for instructors, establishing a collaborative network for curriculum planning between TET institutions and regulatory bodies, and effective resource allocation and infrastructure improvements. These provide the foundation for enhancing instructors' attitudes while improving CBC implementation by focusing on key principles, addressing systemic challenges, and improving educational outcomes in Tanzania's TET sector
Exploring School Management Strategies on Alternatives to Corporal Punishment for Managing Student Aggression in Arusha, Tanzania
Full text linkIn many African countries, including Tanzania, children often experience immediate physical punishment from parents or caregivers after misbehaving, a practice that extends into schools where students can be caned with permission from the educational authorities. The reliance on corporal punishment, highlights the urgent need for effective, non-violent strategies to manage student misbehaviour, particularly aggression, thus fostering a safer and more supportive educational environment. This qualitative study, aimed at exploring alternative strategies employed by school managements in order to handle students’ aggression. It was grounded on the Social Learning Theory and Attachment Theory. Besides, the study employed the multiple-embedded case study design coupled with purposive sampling technique and snowball sampling technique along with the semi-structured interview, focus group discussion and documentary review as data collection methods. Subsequently, the study identified five key strategies namely creating conducive environments that foster security and support, establishing mentorship programmes that provide behavioural models and emotional support, changing teachers' mind-sets so as to promote non-violent conflict resolution, making sure issues concerning student behaviours are discussed during parent-teacher meetings in order to make students align with behavioural expectations and enhancing religious teachings which will provide ethical frameworks and emotional guidance. These strategies align with both Social Learning Theory and Attachment Theory which encourage positive behaviour modelling and establishing secure emotional bonds respectively. The research underscores the necessity for comprehensive support systems which address both behavioural and emotional needs of students to effectively reduce aggression. Furthermore, it is recommended that, school managements should adopt these strategies as a framework for managing students’ aggression, moving away from reliance on corporal punishment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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