363 research outputs found
Abstract ES2-1: Assessing the older adult with breast cancer for treatment: Whom, why, when and how?
No full textAbstract
Breast cancer is primarily a disease of aging, with over 40% of breast cancers diagnosed in individuals age 65 and older. A key aspect of personalized medicine is to understand the risks and benefits of therapy for the individual. This process involves gaining a deeper understanding of an older adult's functional age in order to weigh the risks and benefits of therapy and to make treatment decisions in the context of the patient's preferences, goals, and values. A geriatric assessment can be utilized to understand an older adult's functional versus chronological age, as well as to identify the risk of chemotherapy toxicity and overall life expectancy (1). This assessment includes an evaluation of the following domains which are predictive of the risk of morbidity and/or mortality in older adults: functional status, comorbidity, cognition, psychological state, social support, nutritional status, and polypharmacy. The geriatric assessment identifies areas of vulnerability which can guide targeted interventions to assist the older adult undergoing cancer therapy.
Barriers to the inclusion of a geriatric assessment in oncology practice include the time needed to complete the assessment. A primarily self-administered version of the geriatric assessment has been developed and is available online at the Cancer and Aging Research Group website (http://www.mycarg.org/SelectQuestionnaire). The assessment has been pilot tested in cooperative group trials as well as among patients receiving standard of care chemotherapy (2,3). These studies demonstrated that the majority of patients are able to complete the patient portion of the assessment on their own and are satisfied with the assessment length and content. Hence, it is feasible to capture geriatric assessment information in oncology practice. Studies have demonstrated the utility of a geriatric assessment in predicting the risk of chemotherapy toxicity among patients with all tumor types (3-5). An ongoing study in older adults receiving adjuvant treatment for breast cancer is evaluating the association between geriatric assessment variables, biomarkers of aging, and reduced relative dose intensity (RDI) of the prescribed chemotherapy regimen (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01472094). In this lecture we will discuss the key aspects of a geriatric assessment for older adults with breast cancer in order to facilitate individualized treatment decision making.
References
1. Wildiers H, Heeren P, et al. International Society of Geriatric Oncology consensus on geriatric assessment in older patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol. Aug 20 2014;32(24):2595-2603.
2. Hurria A, Gupta S, et al. Developing a cancer-specific geriatric assessment: a feasibility study. Cancer. Nov 1 2005;104(9):1998-2005.
3. Hurria A, Togawa K, et al. Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in older adults with cancer: a prospective multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. Sep 1 2011;29(25):3457-3465.
4. Hurria A, Mohile S, et al. Validation of a Prediction Tool for Chemotherapy Toxicity in Older Adults With Cancer. J Clin Oncol. Jul 10 2016;34(20):2366-2371.
5. Extermann M, Boler I, et al. Predicting the risk of chemotherapy toxicity in older patients: the Chemotherapy Risk Assessment Scale for High-Age Patients (CRASH) score. Cancer. Jul 1 2012;118(13):3377-3386.
Citation Format: Hurria A. Assessing the older adult with breast cancer for treatment: Whom, why, when and how? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES2-1.</jats:p
Arti Hurria and the progress in integrating the geriatric assessment into oncology: Young international society of geriatric oncology review paper
No full textDuMontier, C., et al. (2019). "Arti Hurria and the progress in integrating the geriatric assessment into oncology: Young international society of geriatric oncology review paper." J Geriatr Oncol.Abstract
Until recently, the progress in the diagnosis and management of cancer has not been matched by similar progress in the assessment of the increasing numbers of older and more complex patients with cancer. Dr. Arti Hurria identified this gap at the outset of her career, which she dedicated toward studying the geriatric assessment (GA) as an improvement over traditional methods used in oncology to assess vulnerability in older patients with cancer. This review documents the progress of the GA and its integration into oncology. First, we detail the GA's origins in the field of geriatrics. Next, we chronicle the early rise of geriatric oncology, highlighting the calls of early thought-leaders to meet the demands of the rapidly aging cancer population. We describe Dr. Hurria's early efforts toward meeting these calls though the implementation of the GA in oncology research. We then summarize some of the seminal studies constituting the evidence base supporting GA's implementation. Finally, we lay out the evolution of cancer-focused guidelines recommending the GA, concluding with future needs to advance the next steps toward more widespread implementation in routine cancer care. Throughout, we describe Dr. Hurria's vision and its execution in driving progress of the GA in oncology, from her fellowship training to her co-authored guidelines recommending GA for all older adults with cancer-published in the year of her untimely death.acceptedVersio
FORMULASI, UJI STABILITAS FISIK, DAN UJI AKTIFITAS SEDIAAN GEL HAND SANITIZER DARI AIR PERASAN JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia SWINGLE) BERBASIS KARBOMER
No full textResearch about formulation gel hand sanitizer of lemon lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) and determination of activity against several test bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella thyposa has been done. The aimed of this research is to determine the physical stability of hand sanitizer gel preparations of the fruit juice of lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) and its activity against several test bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella thyposa. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) obtained is washed and cut and then squeezed and filtered. Juice was then made by varying the concentration gel base karbopol 940 0.5%, 1% and1.5%. Physical stability of the gel was tested by measuring pH, syneresis, viscosity and dispersive power and test its activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella thyposa using the method of agar diffusion. Gel with a karbopol concentration of 1% and 1.5% had no change in viscosity, and syneresis dispersive power so it can be expressed physically stable
PENGETAHUAN PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN SECARA TRADISIONAL DI SUKU KULAWI, SULAWESI TENGAH
No full textKnowledge of the traditional use of plants has been passed down from generation to generation by the Kulawi ethnic community in Salua village, Central Sulawesi. In this study, we document community knowledge about the effect of plants as medicinal plants, traditional ceremonies, food/drinks, and building materials. Based on the results of interviews and exploration, the plant that collected 25 species was found with local names, parts used, and how to use them. A total of 18 species can used as medicinal plants, five species for food/drink, one species for building materials, and three for traditional ceremonies. Our study recommends ex-situ management of natural resources so that plants can used sustainably
Formulasi, Uji Stabilitas Fisik dan Uji Aktifitas Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer dari Air Perasan Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Berbasis Karbomer
No full textTelah dilakukan Formulasi sediaan gel hand sanitizer dari air perasan buah jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) dan uji aktifitasnya terhadap beberapa bakteri uji seperti Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans dan Salmonella
thyposa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas fisik sediaan gel hand sanitizer dari air perasan buah jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) dan
aktifitasnya terhadap beberapa bakteri uji seperti Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans dan Salmonella thyposa. Buah jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) yang diperoleh dicuci bersih lalu dipotong kemudian diperas lalu disaring. Air perasan kemudian dibuat gel dengan variasi konsentrasi basis karbopol 940 0,5%, 1% dan 1,5%. Gel tersebut diuji kestabilan fisiknya dengan pengukuran pH, sineresis, viskositas dan daya sebar dan uji aktifitasnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans dan Salmonella thyposa dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Gel dengan konsentrasi karbopol 1% dan 1,5% tidak mengalami perubahan viskositas, daya sebar dan tidak menjadi sineresis sehingga dapat dinyatakan stabil
secara fisika
Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) Leaf Toothpaste Against Streptococcus mutans
No full textBidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) is a native plant of Central Asia that has been widely cultivated in Indonesia. Bidara leaves contain many flavonoids, polyphenolic hydrolysable tannins, triterpenoids, sterols, and alkaloids. Bidara has potential as an antibacterial and has been widely used. The antibacterial activities of Bidara are used to formulate toothpaste against bacteria in the mouth. The study aimed to formulate a toothpaste from bidara leaves that have good physical stability and can be against Streptococcus mutans which causes dental plaque. This type of research is an experimental laboratory using the maceration method and formulated into toothpaste. After that, the physical stability of the toothpaste was tested, and antibacterial activity against S. mutans using the agar diffusion method. Bidara leaves can be used to formulate toothpaste against S. mutans bacteria. The research produced a toothpaste formula from Bidara leaf extract. Formula III is the best formula based on physical stability tests and Streptococcus mutans anti-bacterial tests
PROFIL PENGELOLAAN PENYIMPANAN OBAT DI PUSKESMAS TOMPOBULU KABUPATEN MAROS
No full textPuskesmas adalah fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang menyelenggarakan upaya kesehatan masyarakat dan perseorangan tingkat pertama, dengan lebih mengutamakan upaya promotif dan preventif. Pengelolaan penyimpanan obat yang baik dapat mengurangi terjadinya obat rusak, hilang dan kadaluarsa. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian yang bersifat observasi dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pedoman observasi (check list). Yang dilakukan mulai bulan April sampai Mei 2018 bertempat di puskesmas Tompobulu Kab. Maros. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Puskesmas Tompobulu penerimaan, pengaturan, pengeluaran dan stock opname, pencatatan dan pelaporan obat rata-rata di atas 50% sehingga dapat disimpulkan telah sesuai dengan standar pengelolaan obat yang telah diatur
PENGARUH ALKALOID YANG TERKANDUNG DALAM KULIT BUAH DELIMA PUTIH ( Granati fructus cortex) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Streptococcus mutans (Penelitian Eksperimental Laboratoris)
No full textSecara tradisional tanaman delima putih (Punica granati L) digunakan
sebagai obat oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu bagian tanaman ini yang
sering digunakan adalah kulit buahnya. Kulit buah delima putih bersifat
antibakteri terhadap beberapa bakteri. Hal ini kemungkinan karena kandungan
alkaloid. Alkaloid adalah senyawa organik pada tumbuh-tumbuhan yang sering
digunakan sebagai bahan obat-obatan. Alkaloid mencakup senyawa bersifat basa
yang mengandung satu atom nitrogen.
S.mutans adalah bakteri kokus gram positif
yang merupakan flora normal rongga mulut, tetapi bila terjadi peningkatan
populasi dapat berubah menjadi patogen, yaitu dapat memfermentasikan sukrosa
sehingga menghasilkan asam dan merupakan penyebab utama karies gigi.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh alkaloid yang
terkandung dalam kulit buah delima putih terhadap pertumbuhan
S.mutans dan
untuk mengetahui berapa konsentrasi minimum alkaloid dalam kulit buah delima
putih yang mampu membunuh
S.mutans. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah
memberi informasi tentang khasiat dan dan konsentrasi minimum alkaloid yang
dapat membunuh
S.mutans.
Metode penelitian ini menggunakan 36 sampel yaitu dengan sembilan
perlakuan dan empat kali pengulangan. Sembilan perlakuan merupakan
konsentrasi alkaloid yang didapat dari pengenceran seri yaitu konsentrasi alkaloid
100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,13%, 1,56%, serta media tanpa alkaloid
dengan suspensi kuman (kontrol positif) dan media dengan alkaloid tanpa
suspensi kuman (kontrol negatif).
Analisis data pada penelitian ini didahului dengan uji normalitas dan
homogenitas varians. Karena kesembilan perlakuan mempunyai variasi yang tidak
sama maka dilakukan uji non parametrik
Kruskal Wallis dengan derajat
kemaknaan 95% (p<0,05). Hasilnya terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna artinya
alkaloid dalam kulit buah delima putih dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan
S.mutans. Untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut perbedaan antar perlakuan dilanjutkan
uji
U Mann Whitney dengan derajat kemaknaan 95% (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian ini
menunjukkan perbedaan kemampuan membunuh
S.mutans dari alkaloid yang
terkandung dalam kulit buah delima putih. Pada alkaloid konsentrasi 100% dan
50% dapat membunuh secara total, sedangkan alkaloid konsentrasi 25%, 12,5%,
6,25%, 3,13%, dan 1,56% kurang mampu membunuh secara total
S.mutans.
Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa alkaloid yang terkandung dalam kulit
buah delima putih mempengaruhi pertumbuhan
S.mutans, dimana konsentrasi
minimum alkaloid yang dapat membunuh
S.mutans adalah 50%
Burnout – An Exponential Rise
No full textMental health at workplaces has taken a new dimension since the pandemic spread across the world. This research paper is an exploratory paper to understand the impact of COVID-19 on workplaces and their employees in the context of mental health. The pandemic highlighted the need to look at human beings as a whole self. Mental health became a reality as felt in waves of the Great Resignation movement. Burnout was experienced by many employees who were working already in high-pressure jobs pre-COVID. This study explores the impact of pandemic on health care workers (HCW) in hospitals and academics working in the tertiary sector in Australia. This is a qualitative study based on secondary research and partly based on the lived experience of the author. This paper delves into the causes of workplace stress and its impact on well-being of the workforce. Some strategies for managing these issues are recommended. Limitations of the paper include limited research and only two industry sectors in Australia are explored as part of this research
Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Rawat Inap Tentang Penggunaan Antibiotik di Rumah Sakit X Kota Palopo
No full textAntibiotics are the drugs most widely used in infections caused by bacteria where oral route antibiotics are the first choice in infection therapy. Various studies have found that around 40-62% of antibiotics are used inappropriately, including for diseases that actually do not require antibiotics. The problem that often occurs is the lack of knowledge of inpatients about the proper use of antibiotics. This research was conducted to determine the level of knowledge of inpatients about the use of antibiotics, using a cross sectional descriptive method. Data was taken secondary through filling out a questionnaire. A total of 92 inpatients at x Hospital in Palopo City were selected as volunteers using the accidental sampling method. Data was processed using the Statistical Product and Servicer Solution (SPSS) application with the chi-square test. The results obtained from 92 respondents, as many as 16.3% of respondents had a low level of knowledge, 56.5% of respondents had a sufficient level of knowledge and 27.2% of respondents had a high level of knowledge. There is a relationship between the last level of education (p value 0.000 0.05), with the level of knowledge in using antibiotics. The conclusion of this study is that the level of knowledge of inpatients at x Hospital in Palopo City is quite adequate, namely 56.5%
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