Jurnal Universitas Tribhwuana Tunggadewi
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Institutional Limits of Regional Counterterrorism: ECOWAS Responses to Boko Haram
No full text West Africa has witnessed a dramatic increase in terrorist violence in the last ten years, especially from Boko Haram-affiliated groups. There has been a corresponding rise in frequency and scale of attacks with thousands of civilian deaths, destruction of schools, health care facilities and market infrastructure, and mass displacement of populations throughout Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon and Chad. The geographical response has revolved mainly around the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), which has come to adopt protocols and frameworks to prevent violent extremism and harmonize member states' responses against it. This paper assesses the level of effectiveness of ECOWAS in fighting terrorism, adopting a qualitative case study of Boko Haram. Based on ECOWAS communiqués, regional policy documents, and think tank reports from 2010 to 2024, the study uses process tracing to gauge how ECOWAS has responded to countering terrorist threats. The results indicate that even in the presence of formal mandates and regional commitments, ECOWAS struggles with substantial operational problems, such as financial constraints, limited power of enforcement, overlapping mandates with the African Union, and political unwillingness by member states. This study targets mechanisms for institutional response, thereby contributing to the existing literature on counterterrorism strategy by providing a locally grounded analysis of these strategies, which characterize regional security cooperation based on structural constraints and political dynamics.Afrika Barat telah menyaksikan peningkatan dramatis dalam kekerasan teroris selama sepuluh tahun terakhir, terutama dari kelompok-kelompok yang berafiliasi dengan Boko Haram. Peningkatan ini disertai dengan frekuensi dan skala serangan yang semakin besar, yang telah menyebabkan ribuan kematian warga sipil, penghancuran sekolah, fasilitas kesehatan, dan infrastruktur pasar, serta pengungsian massal penduduk di seluruh Nigeria, Niger, Kamerun, dan Chad. Respons secara geografis sebagian besar berpusat pada Komunitas Ekonomi Negara-Negara Afrika Barat (ECOWAS), yang telah mengadopsi protokol dan kerangka kerja untuk mencegah ekstremisme kekerasan serta menyelaraskan respons negara-negara anggotanya terhadap ancaman tersebut. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi tingkat efektivitas ECOWAS dalam memerangi terorisme, dengan menggunakan studi kasus kualitatif terhadap Boko Haram. Berdasarkan komunike ECOWAS, dokumen kebijakan regional, dan laporan lembaga pemikir dari tahun 2010 hingga 2024, studi ini menggunakan metode process tracing untuk menilai bagaimana ECOWAS merespons ancaman teroris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat mandat formal dan komitmen regional, ECOWAS masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan operasional yang signifikan, seperti keterbatasan keuangan.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi dan Komunikasi dalam Penerapan Flexible Working Arrangement (FWA) Badan Pusat Stastik Provinsi Jawa Barat
No full text The West Java Provincial BPS (Statistics Indonesia) is one of the work units conducting a pilot test for the expansion of Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA) at Statistics Indonesia. BPS has adopted the FWA system to support employee productivity and work-life balance. This study aims to examine the utilization of computer-mediated communication (CMC) technology in the implementation of FWA at the West Java Provincial BPS. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with analysis based on Elton Mayo's Human Relations Theory. Data was collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. Data analysis was carried out through the processes of data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured using source triangulation. The results show that the use of technology in the implementation of FWA at the West Java Provincial BPS involves CMC technology. Vertical and formal communication is often conducted through online meetings using applications such as Zoom or Google Meet, as well as via chat, voice, or video calls on WhatsApp. Collaborative platforms like Google Sheets and web-based application development are also utilized. Informal vertical, horizontal, and diagonal communication is more frequently used by team leaders and team members during FWA as it is faster and provides more spontaneous responses. Managing the balance between formal and informal communication is crucial in FWA, particularly in maintaining productive and cohesive team relationships.BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu satuan kerja yang melaksanakan uji coba perluasan FWA Badan Pusat Statistik. BPS mengadopsi sistem FWA untuk mendukung produktivitas pegawai dan keseimbangan antara kerja dan kehidupan pribadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan teknologi komunikasi yang dimediasi computer (CMC) dalam pelaksanaan penerapan FWA di BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisis menggunakan Teori Hubungan Manusiawi dari Elton Mayo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, serta kajian pustaka. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui proses pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian data dan penarikan Kesimpulan. Validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pelaksanaan FWA di BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat menggunakan teknologi CMC. Komunikasi vertikal dan formal sering dilakukan melalui rapat online menggunakan aplikasi Zoom atau Google Meet. Percakapan via chat, voice atau video call Whatsapp. Platform kolaborasi seperti google sheet dan pembanguna aplikasi berbasis web. Komunikasi vertikal, horizontal dan diagonal secara informal lebih sering digunakan ketua tim dan anggota tim saat FWA karena lebih cepat dan memberikan respon yang lebih spontan. Mengelola keseimbangan antara komunikasi formal dan informal menjadi sangat penting dalam FWA, terutama untuk menjaga agar hubungan sosial tim tetap produktif dan kohesif.
Regional Autonomy Policy Towards the Decentralization of Education in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review
No full textThis study aims to explore the influence of regional autonomy on the decentralization of education in Indonesia as well as the factors that affect the successful implementation of education policies at the regional level. The method used is a systematic literature review with the PRISMA approach, which involves identification, screening, and critical analysis of 28 relevant articles. The results of the study show that the decentralization of education provides opportunities to improve the quality and efficiency of education management. However, there are significant gaps in human resource capacity, infrastructure, and funding in various regions, which can hinder the achievement of equitable and quality education goals. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of support from the central government in terms of regulation and funding, as well as strong political will from local governments to advance the education sector. In addition, active community participation is also needed to create an education system that is responsive to local needs. With good collaboration between the central government, regions, and the community, it is hoped that the goal of educating the life of the nation can be achieved more effectively and evenly throughout Indonesia. This research provides important insights for policymakers in formulating better education strategies in the era of decentralization.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh otonomi daerah terhadap desentralisasi pendidikan di Indonesia serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan pendidikan di tingkat daerah. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dengan pendekatan PRISMA, yang melibatkan identifikasi, skrining, dan analisis kritis terhadap 28 artikel yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desentralisasi pendidikan memberikan peluang untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan pendidikan. Namun, terdapat kesenjangan signifikan dalam kapasitas sumber daya manusia, infrastruktur, dan pendanaan di berbagai daerah, yang dapat menghambat pencapaian tujuan pendidikan yang merata dan berkualitas. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya dukungan dari pemerintah pusat dalam hal regulasi dan pendanaan, serta political will yang kuat dari pemerintah daerah untuk memajukan sektor pendidikan. Selain itu, partisipasi aktif masyarakat juga diperlukan untuk menciptakan sistem pendidikan yang responsif terhadap kebutuhan lokal. Dengan kolaborasi yang baik antara pemerintah pusat, daerah, dan masyarakat, diharapkan tujuan untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan berbangsa dapat tercapai secara lebih efektif dan merata di seluruh Indonesia. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengambil kebijakan dalam merumuskan strategi pendidikan yang lebih baik di era desentralisasi.
EFEKTIVITAS PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN USAHATANI SELEDRI DI DESA BEJI KECAMATAN JUNREJO KOTA BATU
No full textPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Tingkat Efektivitas Penyuluhan Pertanian Dalam Meningkatkan Usahatani Seledri Di Desa Beji Kecamatan Junrejo Kota Batu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh petani seledri yang merupakan anggota dari 8 kelompok tani di Desa Beji. Jumlah populasi petani dari 8 kelompok tani di Desa Beji adalah 153 orang dan jumlah sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 61 orang yang merupakan petani seledri untuk pengambilan sampel dari masing-masing 8 kelompok tani menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis menggunakan 3 jenis teknik pengukuran, yaitu: Skala Likert, Teknik Scoring dan Range. Untuk setiap interval kelas dibagi menjadi 5 kelas dan dengan masing-masing score sebagai berikut: sangat efektif score (5), Efektif score (4), cukup efektif (3) tidak efektif score (2) dan sangat tidak efektif score (1). hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat kecepatan, ketepatan dan manfaat dari pelaksanaan penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh penyuluh di Desa Beji Kecamatan Junrejo masuk pada kategori sangat efektif, dengan total skor 8845 dan presentase mencapai 93,24%
Performance Analysis of Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Wall with Geometry Variations
No full textThe use of stiffening elements in steel plate shear wall (SPSW) systems enhances lateral stiffness and energy dissipation capacity; however, it also significantly increases material and labor costs due to the complexity of fabrication and installation. As an alternative, the Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Wall (CoSPSW) system has been proposed as a more efficient and practical solution that maintains sufficient stiffness and strength without requiring additional stiffeners. This study investigates the structural performance of CoSPSWs with varying corrugation geometries using the finite element method. The analysis focuses on the influence of the corrugation angle on the overall structural behavior, including buckling stability, lateral stiffness, ultimate strength, and energy dissipation capacity. Nonlinear finite element simulations were conducted using ABAQUS software to capture the influence of geometric nonlinearities under lateral cyclic loading. The results show that increasing the corrugation angle significantly improves lateral stiffness and energy dissipation capacity, while maintaining stable post-buckling behavior. An optimal corrugation angle of approximately 60° provides the maximum strength and ductility among the specimens. This study contributes to understanding the behavior of corrugated steel shear walls and provides valuable insights for the design of efficient, cost-effective steel structures
Kebijakan Pemerintah Wilayah Batu pada Krisis Pengelolaan TPS3R dalam Perspektif Ekologi Politik
No full textThe waste management issue in Batu City has become increasingly complex following the closure of the Tlekung Final Disposal Site (TPA) in August 2023. As an alternative solution, the Batu City Government redirected waste management responsibilities to the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Waste Processing Facilities (TPS3R) in each village/urban ward. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the TPS3R policy in Batu City through a political ecology perspective. A qualitative research method with a case study design was applied to three TPS3R facilities: Jalibar Berseri, Makmur Pendem, and Punten Village. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. The results reveal an implementation gap in waste management policy, with TPS3R facilities unable to keep pace with the growing volume of waste. The percentage of waste handled decreased from 85.65% in 2021 to 70.12% in 2024. Factors hindering TPS3R effectiveness include limited infrastructure and funding, low community participation, and weak political will from local authorities. Using political ecology as an analytical lens, the study uncovers environmental injustice in which the burden of waste management disproportionately falls on communities near TPS3R facilities. Meanwhile, the economic benefits from the tourism sector are not matched by an equitable contribution to waste management efforts. This study concludes that a more just implementation of waste management policy is required through strengthening TPS3R capacity, long-term planning based on environmental sustainability, and enhanced community participation. Permasalahan pengelolaan sampah di wilayah Batu semakin kompleks pasca-penutupan Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Tlekung pada Agustus 2023. Sebagai solusi alternatif, Pemerintah wilayah Batu mengalihkan pengelolaan sampah ke Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS3R) di masing-masing desa/kelurahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi kebijakan TPS3R di wilayah Batu dengan menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus diterapkan pada tiga TPS3R: Jalibar Berseri, Makmur Pendem, dan Desa Punten. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya implementation gap dalam kebijakan pengelolaan sampah, dengan TPS3R belum mampu mengimbangi volume sampah yang terus meningkat. Persentase penanganan sampah menurun dari 85,65% pada 2021 menjadi 70,12% pada 2024. Faktor penghambat efektivitas TPS3R meliputi minimnya infrastruktur dan pendanaan, rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, dan lemahnya kemauan politik pemerintah daerah. Dengan pisau analisis ekologi politik, penelitian mengungkap adanya ketidakadilan lingkungan yaitu beban pengelolaan sampah lebih banyak ditanggung oleh masyarakat sekitar TPS3R. Namun, manfaat ekonomi dari sektor pariwisata tidak disertai kontribusi yang seimbang dalam pengelolaan limbah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa diperlukan implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan sampah yang lebih berkeadilan melalui peningkatan kapasitas TPS3R, perencanaan jangka panjang berbasis keberlanjutan lingkungan, dan penguatan partisipasi masyarakat.
Elderly Members’ Perspectives toward Dharma Wanita Persatuan as a Rotating Savings and Credit Association (ROSCA)
No full textThe Dharma Wanita Persatuan (DWP) is an organization that has a structural hierarchy from a national-governmental level institution to the smallest unit of state-relate institution. This article focused on the smallest unit of institution for state-relate-institution which is The DWP in the faculty/college level in a public university. This ethnography study wants to emphasize the meaning of DWP organization for its elderly members especially about its meaning for their personal life. The data collected by participant observation and in-depth interview then analyzed by social network theory. The results show that The DWP organization, which formed as social network, can give good motivation to keep happy and support each other life for the elderly members. The monthly lucky-draw or known as ROSCA is as a main activity which inside of it means more than money-rotation gathering but also as a place to give well-being place for its elderly members to build the inter-connected relationship. Dharma Wanita Persatuan (DWP) adalah organisasi yang memilki hierarki struktural dari lembaga tingkat pemerintah-nasional hingga unit terkecil dari institusi terafiliasi negara Indonesia. Penelitian ini fokus pada unit institusi terkecil untuk institusi dengan afiliasi negara yaitu DWP di tingkat fakultas perguruan tinggi negeri. Studi etnografi ini menekankan makna organisasi DWP bagi para anggota lanjut usia (lansia) terutama tentang makna bagi kehidupan pribadi mereka. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara mendalam, kemudian dianalisis dengan teori jaringan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan organisasi DWP, yang terbentuk sebagai jaringan sosial, dapat memberikan motivasi yang baik bagi untuk tetap bahagia dan saling mendukung bagi para anggota yang lansia. Arisan atau Asosiasi Tabungan dan Kredit Bergilir) adalah sebagai kegiatan utama yang di dalamnya memiliki makna lebih dari sekedar undian rutin bulanan bagi para anggota, namun juga menjadi tempat untuk memberikan kesejahteraan bagi para anggota lansia untuk menjalin relasi yang erat.
Business Centre sebagai Wadah Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah pada IKM Kota Ambon
No full textSmall and Medium Industries (SMIs) play a strategic role in regional economic development, particularly in Eastern Indonesia such as Ambon City. However, SMIs continue to face structural challenges, including limited access to capital, low technological adoption, and restricted market access. This study aims to examine the role of the Business Centre in supporting SMI development in Ambon City and its impact on community welfare. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, documentation, and focus group discussions (FGDs) involving SMI actors, Business Centre managers, and relevant stakeholders. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the Business Centre plays a significant role as a facilitator of SMI empowerment through technical training, managerial assistance, and market access facilitation. These programs contribute to increased productivity, improved product quality, and expanded business networks, although challenges related to resource limitations and service sustainability remain. This study concludes that optimizing the role of the Business Centre through service digitalization, strengthened strategic partnerships, and continuous monitoring and evaluation is essential to promote inclusive and sustainable SMI development in Ambon City. Industri Kecil dan Menengah (IKM) memiliki peran strategis dalam perekonomian daerah, khususnya di wilayah Indonesia Timur seperti Kota Ambon. Namun, IKM masih menghadapi berbagai kendala struktural, antara lain keterbatasan modal, rendahnya penguasaan teknologi, dan akses pasar yang terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran Business Centre dalam mendukung pengembangan IKM di Kota Ambon serta dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD) dengan pelaku IKM, pengelola Business Centre, dan pemangku kepentingan terkait. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Business Centre berperan signifikan sebagai fasilitator pemberdayaan IKM melalui pelatihan teknis, pendampingan manajerial, dan fasilitasi akses pasar. Program tersebut berdampak pada peningkatan produktivitas, kualitas produk, dan perluasan jaringan usaha, meskipun masih dihadapkan pada tantangan keterbatasan sumber daya dan keberlanjutan layanan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa optimalisasi peran Business Centre melalui digitalisasi layanan, penguatan kemitraan strategis, serta monitoring dan evaluasi berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk mendorong pengembangan IKM yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan di Kota Ambon.
Paradoks Transparansi Semu (Hollow Transparency) pada E-Goverment Tingkat Mikro: Evaluasi Teknis Website Kecamatan Wilayah Kota Salatiga
No full textE-government evaluation in Indonesia often focuses on macro-level policies, leaving the technical readiness of micro-level institutions (districts) as the frontline of public service rarely audited objectively. This study aims to evaluate the technical performance of district websites in Salatiga City using an automated usability testing approach. Utilizing Google PageSpeed Insights, this study measures four key indicators: performance, accessibility, best practices, and SEO. The results reveal a paradox of "Hollow Transparency." Technically, district websites achieve high SEO scores, making them easily discoverable by search engines. However, this technical advantage is decoupled from administrative capacity, evidenced by the lack of regular content updates. Furthermore, performance scores on mobile devices are consistently lower than on desktops, indicating a risk of digital exclusion for the majority of smartphone users. This study concludes that high digital visibility without content currency creates merely symbolic adoption. The study recommends institutionalizing technical governance that mandates periodic content audits and mobile optimization standardization to Evaluasi kinerja e-government di Indonesia sering kali terpaku pada kebijakan makro, sementara kesiapan infrastruktur teknis di tingkat mikro (kecamatan) sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan publik jarang diaudit secara objektif. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja teknis website kecamatan di Kota Salatiga menggunakan pendekatan automated usability testing. Menggunakan instrumen Google PageSpeed Insights, penelitian ini mengukur empat indikator utama: performance, accessibility, best practice, dan SEO. Hasil penelitian mengungkap sebuah paradoks "Transparansi Semu" (Hollow Transparency). Secara teknis, situs-situs kecamatan memiliki skor SEO yang tinggi (rata-rata kategori 'Tinggi') sehingga sangat mudah ditemukan oleh mesin pencari. Namun, keunggulan ini terputus (decoupled) dari kapasitas administratif, di mana konten informasi tidak diperbarui secara berkala. Selain itu, skor performance pada perangkat mobile konsisten lebih rendah dibanding desktop, mengindikasikan risiko eksklusi digital bagi mayoritas pengguna perangkat mobile. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tingginya visibilitas digital tanpa pembaruan konten hanya menciptakan adopsi simbolik. Studi merekomendasikan pelembagaan tata kelola teknis (technical governance) yang mewajibkan audit konten berkala dan standardisasi optimasi mobile untuk memastikan layanan publik yang inklusif dan responsif.
The Impact of Employee Performance Appraisal Systems on Healthcare Service Quality: A Literature Review
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of employee performance appraisal systems on healthcare service quality in hospitals. A systematic literature review was conducted by analyzing 12 peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2025, selected from prominent academic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. These articles were reviewed based on their relevance to the relationship between performance appraisals and healthcare quality. The review identified that well-structured performance appraisal systems significantly contribute to enhancing employee motivation, which directly influences the overall quality of healthcare services. Transparent, objective, and fair appraisal systems, when implemented effectively, help align employee goals with organizational objectives, leading to better patient care. However, the study also highlighted several challenges, including bureaucratic barriers, a lack of evaluator training, and cultural misalignment, which hinder the successful implementation of these systems in hospitals. Additionally, the review found that performance appraisals, when conducted periodically with constructive feedback, encourage continuous professional development and improve service delivery. The study concluded that for a performance appraisal system to be truly effective, it must be ongoing, incorporate clear communication, and be adaptable to the hospital’s organizational culture. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the long-term effects of performance appraisals on healthcare quality. Furthermore, combining qualitative and quantitative methods may provide a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between performance appraisals and employee performance in healthcare settings