613 research outputs found
Detecting Disguised and Cross-Language Plagiarism Using Citation Pattern Analysis
No full textPlagiarism is a problem with far-reaching consequences for the sciences. However, even today’s best software-based systems can only reliably identify copy&paste plagiarism. Disguised plagiarism forms, including paraphrased text, cross-language plagiarism, as well as structural and idea plagiarism often remain undetected. This weakness of current systems results in a large percentage of scientific plagiarism going undetected. Bela Gipp provides an overview of the state-of-the art in plagiarism detection and an analysis of why these approaches fail to detect disguised plagiarism forms. The author proposes Citation-based Plagiarism Detection to address this shortcoming. Unlike character-based approaches, this approach does not rely on text comparisons alone, but analyzes citation patterns within documents to form a language-independent "semantic fingerprint" for similarity assessment. The practicability of Citation-based Plagiarism Detection was proven by its capability to identify so-far non-machine detectable plagiarism in scientific publications
U.S. trade policy towards developing countries
No full textThe United States has often been criticized for protectionist measures taken against developing country products. Yet, average agricultural protection has reemained practically nil in the U.S. over time, while rising in the European Common Market (E.C.M) and, even more, Japan. It further appears that manufactured imports from developing countries have increased much more rapidly, and reached higher levels, in the U.S. than in the E.C.M and, in particular, Japan. The U.S.-Japan comparisons for manufactured goods do not conform to the data on the extent of nontariff barriers, as measured by the share of imports from the developing countries which are subject to such trade barriers. The solution to the puzzle lies in part in the inadequacies of data on the share of imports subject to nontariff measures for gauging the protective effects of such measures and in part in the reliance on formal measures of protection in the United States as against the informal measures in Japan. More generally, one may explain the results obtained by reference to the openness of the U.S. market that has generally been more hospitable to imports from developing countries than have the markets of other industrial countries, particularly Japan.Poverty Assessment,Trade and Regional Integration,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Environmental Economics&Policies,Trade Policy
The adding up problem
No full textThis paper presents empirical evidence pertaining to the"adding up problem"and the"fallacy of composition". It is shown that, rather than market constraint in the developed countries, export growth in the developing countries is largely determined by supply factors. Thus, the deceleration of economic growth in the developed countries after 1973 was accompanied by an acceleration of the growth of the exports of the developing countries. The findings of this paper have important policy implications. They support the views of those who advocate the application of outward-oriented policies in developing countries. This conclusion is strengthened if consideration is given to the possibilities of increased trade among the developing countries themselves. Finally, outward orientation promotes efficient import substitution through the reform of the system of incentives.Water and Industry,Environmental Economics&Policies,Achieving Shared Growth,Economic Theory&Research,Poverty Assessment
Incentive policies and agricultural performance in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textExports in general, and agricultural exports in particular, are more responsive to price incentives in Sub-Saharan Africa than in developing countries.. These are the results of an econometric investigation on the effects of real exchange rates on exports. It further appears that in Sub-Saharan Africa the impact of real exchange rates is greater on agricultural exports than on the exports of goods and services. Within Sub-Saharan Africa, market-oriented countries generally gained export market shares while interventionist countries lost shares. This occurred when market-oriented, not interventionist countries, maintained realistic exchange rates and did not bias incentives against exports. For example, Kenya and the Ivory Coast exemplify market-oriented, and Tanzania and Ghana interventionist, countries. Pairwise comparisons between the Ivory Coast and Ghana have indicated the superiority of the market-oriented approach in promoting exports and agricultural production.Economic Theory&Research,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Export Competitiveness,Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets
Public finance and economic development
No full textThis paper reports on tests of alternative hypotheses as to the effects of a budget deficit, examines the influence of the size of the government on economic growth, and investigates the impact of public investment on private investment, total investment, and economic growth. The findings have important implications for the developing countries. They show that budget deficits have adverse effects on the balance of payments as well as on domestic investment. It further appears that increases in government consumption adversely affect economic growth. Finally, increases in public investment not only crowd out private investment but tend to lower the efficiency of investment, with adverse effects on economic growth. The conclusions point to the need for reducing budget deficits in developing countries. They further favor lowering government consumption as well as public investment in these countries.Economic Stabilization,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Macroeconomic Management,Achieving Shared Growth
Exchange rates and foreign tradein Korea
No full textKorea's exports have made an important contribution to its outstanding economic growth. Its exports, in turn, have been affected by domestic economic variables, including exchange rate policy, and by external influences. Among domestic economic variables, the exchange rate appears to have had a greater influence on exports than changes in export prices or changes in the prices of competing domestic goods. Taking into account that Korean exports are influenced by external factors, such as foreign export prices and foreign incomes, does not affect this conclusion. Korean imports are affected by domestic income, the exchange rate, import prices, and the prices of competing domestic goods. Again, the influence of the exchange rate is greater than that of import prices and the price of domestic goods. The results indicate that Korea can usefully employ the exchange rate as a policy variable. This has been the case during much of the 1965-88 period that the author considers, except for 1975-80, when it led to a substantial overvaluation of the currency. Korea should also use the exchange rate in the future as long as domestic and foreign inflation rates differ.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets,Markets and Market Access,Economic Stabilization
Domestic lighting
No full textLighting is one of the determinants of quality of life. In most developing countries, households spend a considerable part of their cash income on modern fuels to meet their lighting needs. The average amount of fuel consumed for lighting is much higher in villages without electricity than in villages with it; moreover, people with non-electric light have much lower lighting levels than people with electric lights. Why then do people use non-electric lighting when electricity is available? Mainly because they fit well with poor family spending patterns. The initial cost and per month cost of a wick lamp are low, and kerosene can be bought in small quantities as needed. Households with electricity are accustomed to much higher levels of light, for which they have to finance a connection charge, installation cost and for which they pay more for regular use. It is found that houses with electric lighting typically have lighting in every room, whereas non-electric users tend to use only one lamp for the whole house. Although both kinds of lamp give light, they are not directly comparable; it takes 18 kerosene lamps to give off the light of a single 60 watt incandescent bulb.Energy and Poverty Alleviation,Energy and Environment,Renewable Energy,Energy Demand,Engineering
Quinto Concierto de Cuaresma por la Orquestra Pau Casals
No full textDe cada obra s'ha digitalitzat un programa sencer. De la resta s'han digitalitzat les parts que són diferents.Direcció: Antoine FleischerEmpresa: Juan MestresFragments de: Hunyady Laszlo d'Erkel, Rapsodia húngara de Liszt, Csongor es Tunde de Weiner, Hary Janos de Zoltan von Kodaly, Rapsodia per a piano de Bela Bartok, Cinc poesies de Radnay i Ruralla Hungarica de Dohnan
Bela Tarr and his Werckmeister's Harmonies
No full textIn this thesis, I try to interpret the movie made by one of the most influental and important contemporary film director - Bela Tarr and his Werckmeister's Harmonies. The author works with very original and unique poetics, which is very hard to read and decipher. In fact, he himself refuses to explain his movies. I analyze each scene seperately and step-by-step I try to piece together the message of this unique and transcendetal artwork
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Exploring Bela, in Gujarat, India
No full textThis video explores the 3D laser scanning data obtained in Bela, a historic village located in Gujarat, India in 2021. This is part of the AHRC and DCMS funded project: 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'. In this project, we are using advanced recording technologies and social surveys to develop a sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Gujarat. Capturing the built environment using 3D-laser-scanning-also known as LiDAR-gives an accurate, fast and comprehensive digital data set, measurable and coloured 3D point-cloud with a precision of millimetres, which has been combined with inhabitant’s interviews. This enhanced digital model of the case study, the village of Bela, offers a basis for damage assessments, improving the chances of a rapid and effective response in case of an earthquake, as well as offering a technical platform for risk mitigation measures and community engagement, aiming to increase resilience. The methodology is scalable and applicable to other identified heritage settlements in Gujarat, India. HOW TO CITE: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. 2021-2022. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Author: Dr Bernadette Devilat (NTU) using the 3D data processed by Dr Felipe Lanuza and obtained on-site by Mrudula Mane and Zeus Pithawalla (CHC CRDF), supported by Dr Jigna Desai from CHC CRDF; Aditya Singh and Tanvi Choudhari from the Hunnarshala Foundation; and Sukrit Sen from ICCROM
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