38 research outputs found
Les règles de preuve devant la Chambre de la jeunesse : Une analyse en vertu des principes de justice fondamentale
No full textLes demandes intentées par le Directeur de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) à la Cour du Québec, Chambre de la jeunesse, peuvent porter atteinte à certains droits fondamentaux des parents. Par ailleurs, bien qu’elles visent la protection de l’enfant, les procédures judiciaires du DPJ peuvent tout autant porter atteinte aux droits de ce dernier protégés par la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. Dans ce contexte, l’autrice s’intéresse aux règles en matière de divulgation et de communication de la preuve par le DPJ sous l’angle des principes de justice fondamentale et de la procédure équitable. S’inspirant des règles prévalant en matière de droit criminel et s’appuyant sur la jurisprudence en matière de protection de la jeunesse, elle identifie certaines obligations du DPJ et de ses avocats en la matière, tout en soulevant la possible inconstitutionnalité des dispositions de la loi qui prévoient les courts délais de divulgation des pièces.Proceedings submitted by the Director of Youth Protection (DYP) to the Court of Québec, Youth Division, may adversely affect certain fundamental rights of the parents. In addition, such legal requests, despite having the objective to protect the child, can affect the latter’s own rights protected under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom. In this context, the author analyses the rules with respect to the DYP’s disclosure and transmission of evidence, from the perspective of the principles of fundamental justice and fair procedure. Focusing on the applicable rules of transmission of evidence in criminal law and based on jurisprudence from youth courts, she identifies certain obligations of the DYP and its lawyers in this regard, while raising the potential unconstitutionality of the provisions of the law which provide for short delays regarding the disclosure of exhibits.Los procedimientos interpuestos por el Directeur de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) ante la Cour du Québec, Chambre de la jeunesse (jurisdicción de menores) podrían vulnerar algunos derechos fundamentales de los padres. Si bien estas acciones tienen como objetivo la protección del menor, las actuaciones judiciales del DPJ pueden de igual forma menoscabar sus derechos, los cuales están protegidos por la Carta Canadiense de Derechos y Libertades. En este contexto, la autora analiza las reglas de divulgación y comunicación en materia probatoria por parte del DPJ desde la perspectiva de los principios de justicia fundamental y de un proceso justo. Considerando las reglas que prevalecen en materia penal y basándose en la jurisprudencia en materia de protección de menores, la autora identifica algunas obligaciones que tiene el DPJ, al igual que sus abogados en el ámbito, y plantea la posible inconstitucionalidad en las disposiciones de la ley, en las cuales se prevén plazos breves de tiempo para proceder a la divulgación de las prueba
Types, Regions, and Effects for Safe Programming with Object-Oriented Parallel Frameworks
No full textObject-oriented frameworks can make parallel programming easier by providing generic parallel algorithms such as map, reduce, or scan, and letting the user fill in the details with sequential code. However, such frameworks can produce incorrect behavior if they are not carefully used, e.g., if a user-supplied function performs an unsynchronized access to a global variable. We develop novel techniques that a framework designer can use to prevent such errors. Building on a language (Deterministic Parallel Java, or DPJ) with an expressive region-based type and effect system, we show how to write a
framework API that enables sound reasoning about the effects of unknown user-supplied methods. We also describe novel extensions to DPJ that enable generic types and effects --- essential for flexible frameworks --- while retaining soundness. Finally, we show how to make the reasoning modular: using any desired testing or verification technique, the framework author can guarantee noninterference subject to the API constraints; and the compiler can check the constraints to provide a noninterference guarantee for the entire user program. We
evaluate our technique by using it to write two parallel frameworks and two realistic parallel algorithms.not peer reviewedSubmitted by Robert Bocchino ([email protected]) on 2009-09-08T20:36:37Z
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DPJ-TR-Frameworks.pdf: 221490 bytes, checksum: 62aae4e2ba0b08ca1af0561d302ac21a (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2009-09-08T20:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2009-09-08NSF grant CCF 07-02724NSF grant CNS 07-20772Microsoft and Intel through UPCRC Illinoisunpublishe
Risk, institutions, and policy in decisions to join a start-up party: Evidence from the 2017 snap election in Japan
No full text© The Author(s), 2022. cc-byResearch has shown that Japan’s parallel electoral system altered the incentives that parties and their members face when competing for lower-house seats, leading to, among other things, more policy-oriented and less personalistic elections. What is less well known is how these altered incentives affect the decisions of incumbents to stay with their current party organizations or exit and join another political party. We address this question by using data from the 2017 snap election in Japan, specifically, the exit decisions of Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) incumbents. Typically exit decisions involve considerations of electoral support, policy, or increased office benefits. Our results indicate that policy considerations were a primary factor in DPJ members’ exit decisions but also that exiting legislators considered the risks associated with these decisions, which was molded by available party alternatives, each’s electoral strength, and a unique feature of Japan’s electoral rules, the fact that it reduced the electoral risk for some but not all incumbents who contemplated switching parties
Oligoprotein type I interferon signatures, but not TREX1 variants, increase risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in UK Biobank
No full text\ua9 The Author(s) 2026.The 3′ − 5′ DNA exonuclease, TREX1, is a negative regulator of the type I interferon response, while TREX1 variants are considered to confer risk for non-monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we analyse TREX1 sequences in 469,229 UK Biobank participants together with multi-omics data from the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project to reappraise the contribution of reported TREX1 risk variants in SLE. We find that TREX1 variants are not associated with increased risk for SLE in UK Biobank, and most reported risk variants are functionally neutral in mutagenesis experiments. Deriving an oligoprotein interferon signature from broad capture proteomics, we find that this signature is associated with elevated SLE risk, but is not elevated in TREX1 variant carriers. Furthermore, TREX1 variants are not associated with other autoimmune diseases with a prominent oligoprotein interferon signature. Finally, meta-analysis of published studies confirms the lack of support for the association between SLE and TREX1 risk variants. In summary, we find that, while oligoprotein type I interferon signatures increase risk of SLE, TREX1 variants do not
La fragilisation du lien de confiance au sein de l’intervention sociale en protection de la jeunesse : Peut-on blâmer le droit ?
No full textDans le contexte de la protection de la jeunesse, la Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse (LPJ) édicte les pouvoirs et responsabilités des intervenantes sociales œuvrant à la Direction de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) et encadre la relation entre celles-ci et les familles. Cette loi octroie aux intervenantes un double mandat, qui implique à la fois celui de l’aide et celui du contrôle et de la surveillance. Selon la littérature relative aux pratiques sociales dans ce domaine, les familles suivies par la DPJ peuvent se sentir observées, traquées, dénuées d’intimité et considèrent difficile de laisser entrer une étrangère dans leur vie privée. Dans ce texte, l’auteure se questionne sur l’incidence des normes législatives en protection de la jeunesse sur l’intervention sociale de la DPJ et soumet l’hypothèse que la LPJ crée un cadre juridique où il est difficile d’établir un lien de confiance entre les familles et les intervenantes sociales puisque le contrôle et la surveillance peuvent prendre le dessus sur l’aide à apporter aux familles. Ce lien de confiance semble non seulement fragilisé par l’ampleur des pouvoirs et responsabilités octroyés aux intervenantes sociales par la loi, mais aussi par la judiciarisation des dossiers à la Chambre de la jeunesse.
In the context of youth protection, the Youth Protection Act (YPA) of Québec sets out the powers and responsibilities of the social workers of the Direction of Youth Protection (DYP) and governs the relationship between them and families. This law gives social workers a double mandate, which implies assistance and control and surveillance. According to the literature on social practices in this field, families monitored by the DYP may feel observed, stalked, deprived of privacy, and find it difficult to let a stranger into their private life. Thus, in this text, the author questions the impact of legislative standards on the YPD\u27s social intervention and hypothesizes that the YPA creates a legal framework where it is difficult to establish a bond of trust between families and social workers since control and surveillance take precedence over the assistance to be provided to families. This bond of trust is not only weakened by the extent of the powers and responsibilities granted to social workers by the YPA, but also by the judicialization at the Court of Quebec
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La fragilisation du lien de confiance au sein de l’intervention sociale en protection de la jeunesse : Peut-on blâmer le droit ?
No full textDans le contexte de la protection de la jeunesse, la Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse (LPJ) édicte les pouvoirs et responsabilités des intervenantes sociales œuvrant à la Direction de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) et encadre la relation entre celles-ci et les familles. Cette loi octroie aux intervenantes un double mandat, qui implique à la fois celui de l’aide et celui du contrôle et de la surveillance. Selon la littérature relative aux pratiques sociales dans ce domaine, les familles suivies par la DPJ peuvent se sentir observées, traquées, dénuées d’intimité et considèrent difficile de laisser entrer une étrangère dans leur vie privée. Dans ce texte, l’auteure se questionne sur l’incidence des normes législatives en protection de la jeunesse sur l’intervention sociale de la DPJ et soumet l’hypothèse que la LPJ crée un cadre juridique où il est difficile d’établir un lien de confiance entre les familles et les intervenantes sociales puisque le contrôle et la surveillance peuvent prendre le dessus sur l’aide à apporter aux familles. Ce lien de confiance semble non seulement fragilisé par l’ampleur des pouvoirs et responsabilités octroyés aux intervenantes sociales par la loi, mais aussi par la judiciarisation des dossiers à la Chambre de la jeunesse.
In the context of youth protection, the Youth Protection Act (YPA) of Québec sets out the powers and responsibilities of the social workers of the Direction of Youth Protection (DYP) and governs the relationship between them and families. This law gives social workers a double mandate, which implies assistance and control and surveillance. According to the literature on social practices in this field, families monitored by the DYP may feel observed, stalked, deprived of privacy, and find it difficult to let a stranger into their private life. Thus, in this text, the author questions the impact of legislative standards on the YPD\u27s social intervention and hypothesizes that the YPA creates a legal framework where it is difficult to establish a bond of trust between families and social workers since control and surveillance take precedence over the assistance to be provided to families. This bond of trust is not only weakened by the extent of the powers and responsibilities granted to social workers by the YPA, but also by the judicialization at the Court of Quebec
Bakhtinian Dialogic and Vygotskian Dialectic: Compatabilities and contradictions in the classroom?
No full textThis article explores two central notions of ‘dialectics’ and ‘dialogics’ based on the work of Vygotsky (drawing on philosophers such as Hegel, Spinoza, Engels and Marx) and Bakhtin (drawing on members of the Bakhtin Circle and writers such as Dostoevsky and Rabelais) respectively, as well their varying interanimations within Stalin-Marxist Russian society. It is proposed that these two positions are incommensurably located alongside one another in contemporary education. I argue that Bakhtin offers diametrically oppositional educational provocations to those of Vygotsky. The implications of these interpretations will be explored with consideration of their underlying philosophical incompatibilities and contradictions, as well as the opportunities such a consideration pose for educational practice today
Sur la réforme des mères déviantes : les représentations de la maternité dans la jurisprudence de la Chambre de la jeunesse, entre différenciation et responsabilité
No full textAu Québec, la direction de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) intervient majoritairement auprès de familles survivant dans la pauvreté ou l’extrême pauvreté alors qu’environ 45 % d’entre elles vivent de l’aide sociale et que plus de 50 % déclarent un revenu annuel de moins de 15 000 15,000. Consequently, it appears relevant to study the way poverty is discussed in the Youth Division jurisprudence. Case law analysis reveals that poverty is not discussed in judicial decisions, only mentioned. On the other hand, the discourse in the jurisprudence suggests a family representation largely based on the reproduction of gender roles, giving rise to differential parental treatment.From a random sample of 100 decisions of the Youth Division, the author analyzes the jurisprudential discourse on the mothers of the Youth Protection. If a set of recurring issues overlaps the scientific literature on parenting skills, others relate to a traditional conception of maternity. Regardless of material reality and the presence or absence of fathers, responsibility for the well-being and development of children is usually assigned to mothers. In connection with this responsibility, the court orders them to change their behaviour or lifestyle, in some cases beyond its competence and against scientific knowledge on poverty effects
Author Correction: Safety outcomes following COVID-19 vaccination and infection in 5.1 million children in England
No full textElevated serum interferon-α2 associates with activity and flare risk in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
No full textObjectives: This study investigated serum IFN-α2 as a putative marker of disease activity and predictor of disease flares in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE). Methods: A total of 222 serum samples were analysed, including 28 healthy controls (HCs), 88 jSLE (159 samples) and 35 juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. IFN-α2 levels were determined using single-molecule array (Simoa). Cross-sectionally, median IFN-α2 levels were compared between patient groups and disease activity state sub-groups. Time to flare was analysed by linear regression. Longitudinally, the ability of the IFN-α2 and other traditional biomarkers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate/ESR, low C3 and anti-dsDNA antibodies) to detect and predict flares was assessed via a generalised linear mixed model. Results: Cross-sectional analysis showed higher median IFN-α2 levels in the active/intermediate group (median 3185 fg/ml, IQR 48–13 703) compared with the LDAS (571 fg/ml, IQR 57–1310 fg/ml, P = 0.04) and remission sub-groups (271 fg/ml, IQR 3–56, P <0.001). IFN-α2 was higher in all JSLE patients (median 587 fg/ml, IQR 11–2774) as compared with JIA patients (median 7 fg/ml, IQR 3–236, P = 0.0017) and HCs (P = 0.017). JSLE patients in remission or LDAS with abnormal IFN-α2 levels had a shorter time to flare over the subsequent six months compared with those with normal IFN-α2 levels (P = 0.022). Longitudinally, multivariable analysis demonstrated high IFN-α2 to be the only predictor of an ongoing flare (P = 0.028). Conclusion: Serum IFN-α2 levels associate with disease activity and can predict ongoing and future flares in jSLE. These findings suggest that quantification of IFN-α2 may support risk stratification and disease monitoring in these patients
